[proxmark3-svn] / client / flash.c

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2010 Hector Martin "marcan" <marcan@marcansoft.com>
//
// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
// the license.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ELF file flasher
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "proxmark3.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "util_posix.h"
#include "flash.h"
#include "elf.h"
#include "proxendian.h"
#include "usb_cmd.h"
#include "comms.h"

// FIXME: what the fuckity fuck
unsigned int current_command = CMD_UNKNOWN;

#define FLASH_START            0x100000
#define FLASH_SIZE             (256*1024)
#define FLASH_END              (FLASH_START + FLASH_SIZE)
#define BOOTLOADER_SIZE        0x2000
#define BOOTLOADER_END         (FLASH_START + BOOTLOADER_SIZE)

#define BLOCK_SIZE             0x200

static const uint8_t elf_ident[] = {
	0x7f, 'E', 'L', 'F',
	ELFCLASS32,
	ELFDATA2LSB,
	EV_CURRENT
};

void CloseProxmark(receiver_arg* conn, char* serial_port_name) {
	pthread_mutex_lock(&conn->recv_lock);

	// Block the port from being used by anything
	serial_port* my_port = GetSerialPort();
	SetSerialPort(NULL);

	// Then close the port.
	uart_close(my_port);
	pthread_mutex_unlock(&conn->recv_lock);

	// Fix for linux, it seems that it is extremely slow to release the serial port file descriptor /dev/*
	unlink(serial_port_name);
}

bool OpenProxmark(char* serial_port_name) {
	serial_port *new_port = uart_open(serial_port_name);
	if (new_port == INVALID_SERIAL_PORT || new_port == CLAIMED_SERIAL_PORT) {
		//poll once a second
		return false;
	}
	
	SetSerialPort(new_port);
	return true;
}

// Turn PHDRs into flasher segments, checking for PHDR sanity and merging adjacent
// unaligned segments if needed
static int build_segs_from_phdrs(flash_file_t *ctx, FILE *fd, Elf32_Phdr *phdrs, int num_phdrs)
{
	Elf32_Phdr *phdr = phdrs;
	flash_seg_t *seg;
	uint32_t last_end = 0;

	ctx->segments = malloc(sizeof(flash_seg_t) * num_phdrs);
	if (!ctx->segments) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		return -1;
	}
	ctx->num_segs = 0;
	seg = ctx->segments;

	fprintf(stderr, "Loading usable ELF segments:\n");
	for (int i = 0; i < num_phdrs; i++) {
		if (le32(phdr->p_type) != PT_LOAD) {
			phdr++;
			continue;
		}
		uint32_t vaddr = le32(phdr->p_vaddr);
		uint32_t paddr = le32(phdr->p_paddr);
		uint32_t filesz = le32(phdr->p_filesz);
		uint32_t memsz = le32(phdr->p_memsz);
		uint32_t offset = le32(phdr->p_offset);
		uint32_t flags = le32(phdr->p_flags);
		if (!filesz) {
			phdr++;
			continue;
		}
		fprintf(stderr, "%d: V 0x%08x P 0x%08x (0x%08x->0x%08x) [%c%c%c] @0x%x\n",
		        i, vaddr, paddr, filesz, memsz,
		        flags & PF_R ? 'R' : ' ',
		        flags & PF_W ? 'W' : ' ',
		        flags & PF_X ? 'X' : ' ',
		        offset);
		if (filesz != memsz) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR file size does not equal memory size\n"
			                "(DATA+BSS PHDRs do not make sense on ROM platforms!)\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (paddr < last_end) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDRs not sorted or overlap\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (paddr < FLASH_START || (paddr+filesz) > FLASH_END) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR is not contained in Flash\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (vaddr >= FLASH_START && vaddr < FLASH_END && (flags & PF_W)) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Flash VMA segment is writable\n");
			return -1;
		}

		uint8_t *data;
		// make extra space if we need to move the data forward
		data = malloc(filesz + BLOCK_SIZE);
		if (!data) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (fseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0 || fread(data, 1, filesz, fd) != filesz) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading PHDR payload\n");
			free(data);
			return -1;
		}

		uint32_t block_offset = paddr & (BLOCK_SIZE-1);
		if (block_offset) {
			if (ctx->num_segs) {
				flash_seg_t *prev_seg = seg - 1;
				uint32_t this_end = paddr + filesz;
				uint32_t this_firstblock = paddr & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
				uint32_t prev_lastblock = (last_end - 1) & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);

				if (this_firstblock == prev_lastblock) {
					uint32_t new_length = this_end - prev_seg->start;
					uint32_t this_offset = paddr - prev_seg->start;
					uint32_t hole = this_offset - prev_seg->length;
					uint8_t *new_data = malloc(new_length);
					if (!new_data) {
						fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
						free(data);
						return -1;
					}
					memset(new_data, 0xff, new_length);
					memcpy(new_data, prev_seg->data, prev_seg->length);
					memcpy(new_data + this_offset, data, filesz);
					fprintf(stderr, "Note: Extending previous segment from 0x%x to 0x%x bytes\n",
					        prev_seg->length, new_length);
					if (hole)
						fprintf(stderr, "Note: 0x%x-byte hole created\n", hole);
					free(data);
					free(prev_seg->data);
					prev_seg->data = new_data;
					prev_seg->length = new_length;
					last_end = this_end;
					phdr++;
					continue;
				}
			}
			fprintf(stderr, "Warning: segment does not begin on a block boundary, will pad\n");
			memmove(data + block_offset, data, filesz);
			memset(data, 0xFF, block_offset);
			filesz += block_offset;
			paddr -= block_offset;
		}

		seg->data = data;
		seg->start = paddr;
		seg->length = filesz;
		seg++;
		ctx->num_segs++;

		last_end = paddr + filesz;
		phdr++;
	}
	return 0;
}

// Sanity check segments and check for bootloader writes
static int check_segs(flash_file_t *ctx, int can_write_bl) {
	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
		flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];

		if (seg->start & (BLOCK_SIZE-1)) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is not aligned\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (seg->start < FLASH_START) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (seg->start + seg->length > FLASH_END) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
			return -1;
		}
		if (!can_write_bl && seg->start < BOOTLOADER_END) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Attempted to write bootloader but bootloader writes are not enabled\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

// Load an ELF file and prepare it for flashing
int flash_load(flash_file_t *ctx, const char *name, int can_write_bl)
{
	FILE *fd = NULL;
	Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
	Elf32_Phdr *phdrs = NULL;
	int num_phdrs;
	int res;

	fd = fopen(name, "rb");
	if (!fd) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file '%s': ", name);
		perror(NULL);
		goto fail;
	}

	fprintf(stderr, "Loading ELF file '%s'...\n", name);

	if (fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fd) != 1) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF file header\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, elf_ident, sizeof(elf_ident))
		|| le32(ehdr.e_version) != 1)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Not an ELF file or wrong ELF type\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (le16(ehdr.e_type) != ET_EXEC) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ELF is not executable\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (le16(ehdr.e_machine) != EM_ARM) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Wrong ELF architecture\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (!ehdr.e_phnum || !ehdr.e_phoff) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ELF has no PHDRs\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (le16(ehdr.e_phentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Phdr)) {
		// could be a structure padding issue...
		fprintf(stderr, "Either the ELF file or this code is made of fail\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	num_phdrs = le16(ehdr.e_phnum);

	phdrs = malloc(le16(ehdr.e_phnum) * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));
	if (!phdrs) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (fseek(fd, le32(ehdr.e_phoff), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
		goto fail;
	}
	if (fread(phdrs, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), num_phdrs, fd) != num_phdrs) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
		goto fail;
	}

	res = build_segs_from_phdrs(ctx, fd, phdrs, num_phdrs);
	if (res < 0)
		goto fail;
	res = check_segs(ctx, can_write_bl);
	if (res < 0)
		goto fail;

	free(phdrs);
	fclose(fd);
	ctx->filename = name;
	return 0;

fail:
	if (phdrs)
		free(phdrs);
	if (fd)
		fclose(fd);
	flash_free(ctx);
	return -1;
}

// Get the state of the proxmark, backwards compatible
static int get_proxmark_state(uint32_t *state)
{
	UsbCommand c;
	c.cmd = CMD_DEVICE_INFO;
	SendCommand(&c);
	UsbCommand resp;
	while (!WaitForResponse(CMD_ANY, &resp)) {
		// Keep waiting for a response
		msleep(100);
	}

	// Three outcomes:
	// 1. The old bootrom code will ignore CMD_DEVICE_INFO, but respond with an ACK
	// 2. The old os code will respond with CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING and "unknown command"
	// 3. The new bootrom and os codes will respond with CMD_DEVICE_INFO and flags

	switch (resp.cmd) {
		case CMD_ACK:
			*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM;
			break;
		case CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING:
			*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS;
			break;
		case CMD_DEVICE_INFO:
			*state = resp.arg[0];
			break;
		default:
			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Couldn't get proxmark state, bad response type: 0x%04" PRIx64 "\n", resp.cmd);
			return -1;
			break;
	}

	return 0;
}

// Enter the bootloader to be able to start flashing
static int enter_bootloader(receiver_arg* conn, char *serial_port_name)
{
	uint32_t state;

	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
		return -1;

	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM) {
		/* Already in flash state, we're done. */
		return 0;
	}

	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS) {
		fprintf(stderr,"Entering bootloader...\n");
		UsbCommand c;
		memset(&c, 0, sizeof (c));

		if ((state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT)
			&& (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT))
		{
			// New style handover: Send CMD_START_FLASH, which will reset the board
			// and enter the bootrom on the next boot.
			c.cmd = CMD_START_FLASH;
			SendCommand(&c);
			fprintf(stderr,"(Press and release the button only to abort)\n");
		} else {
			// Old style handover: Ask the user to press the button, then reset the board
			c.cmd = CMD_HARDWARE_RESET;
			SendCommand(&c);
			fprintf(stderr,"Press and hold down button NOW if your bootloader requires it.\n");
		}
		
		msleep(100);
		CloseProxmark(conn, serial_port_name);

		fprintf(stderr,"Waiting for Proxmark to reappear on %s",serial_port_name);
		do {
			sleep(1);
			fprintf(stderr, ".");
		} while (!OpenProxmark(serial_port_name));
		
		fprintf(stderr," Found.\n");
		return 0;
	}

	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Unknown Proxmark mode\n");
	return -1;
}

static int wait_for_ack()
{
	UsbCommand resp;
	while (!WaitForResponse(CMD_ANY, &resp)) {
		msleep(100);
	}
	if (resp.cmd != CMD_ACK) {
		printf("Error: Unexpected reply 0x%04" PRIx64 " (expected ACK)\n", resp.cmd);
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

// Go into flashing mode
int flash_start_flashing(receiver_arg* conn, int enable_bl_writes,char *serial_port_name)
{
	uint32_t state;

	if (enter_bootloader(conn, serial_port_name) < 0)
		return -1;

	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
		return -1;

	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH) {
		// This command is stupid. Why the heck does it care which area we're
		// flashing, as long as it's not the bootloader area? The mind boggles.
		UsbCommand c = {CMD_START_FLASH};

		if (enable_bl_writes) {
			c.arg[0] = FLASH_START;
			c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
			c.arg[2] = START_FLASH_MAGIC;
		} else {
			c.arg[0] = BOOTLOADER_END;
			c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
			c.arg[2] = 0;
		}
		SendCommand(&c);
		return wait_for_ack();
	} else {
		fprintf(stderr, "Note: Your bootloader does not understand the new START_FLASH command\n");
		fprintf(stderr, "      It is recommended that you update your bootloader\n\n");
	}

	return 0;
}

static int write_block(uint32_t address, uint8_t *data, uint32_t length)
{
	uint8_t block_buf[BLOCK_SIZE];

	memset(block_buf, 0xFF, BLOCK_SIZE);
	memcpy(block_buf, data, length);
  UsbCommand c;
	c.cmd = CMD_FINISH_WRITE;
	c.arg[0] = address;
	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, block_buf, length);
  SendCommand(&c);
  return wait_for_ack();
}

// Write a file's segments to Flash
int flash_write(flash_file_t *ctx)
{
	fprintf(stderr, "Writing segments for file: %s\n", ctx->filename);
	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
		flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];

		uint32_t length = seg->length;
		uint32_t blocks = (length + BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCK_SIZE;
		uint32_t end = seg->start + length;

		fprintf(stderr, " 0x%08x..0x%08x [0x%x / %d blocks]",
		        seg->start, end - 1, length, blocks);

		int block = 0;
		uint8_t *data = seg->data;
		uint32_t baddr = seg->start;

		while (length) {
			uint32_t block_size = length;
			if (block_size > BLOCK_SIZE)
				block_size = BLOCK_SIZE;

			if (write_block(baddr, data, block_size) < 0) {
				fprintf(stderr, " ERROR\n");
				fprintf(stderr, "Error writing block %d of %d\n", block, blocks);
				return -1;
			}

			data += block_size;
			baddr += block_size;
			length -= block_size;
			block++;
			fprintf(stderr, ".");
		}
		fprintf(stderr, " OK\n");
	}
	return 0;
}

// free a file context
void flash_free(flash_file_t *ctx)
{
	if (!ctx)
		return;
	if (ctx->segments) {
		for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++)
			free(ctx->segments[i].data);
		free(ctx->segments);
		ctx->segments = NULL;
		ctx->num_segs = 0;
	}
}

// just reset the unit
int flash_stop_flashing() {
	UsbCommand c = {CMD_HARDWARE_RESET};
	SendCommand(&c);
	msleep(100);
	return 0;
}
Commit	Line	Data
a553f267	1	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8fe1a992	2	// Copyright (C) 2010 Hector Martin "marcan" <marcan@marcansoft.com>
8fe1a992	3	//
a553f267	4	// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
	5	// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
	6	// the license.
	7	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8fe1a992	8	// ELF file flasher
a553f267	9	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
a553f267	10
6e4d4ee6	11	#include <stdio.h>
6e4d4ee6	12	#include <string.h>
83a9b236	13	#include <stdlib.h>
43534cba	14	#include <inttypes.h>
acf0582d	15	#include <unistd.h>
afdcb8c1	16
125a98a1	17	#include "proxmark3.h"
acf0582d	18	#include "util.h"
ec9c7112	19	#include "util_posix.h"
6e4d4ee6	20	#include "flash.h"
2cab856f	21	#include "elf.h"
8fe1a992	22	#include "proxendian.h"
28fdb04f	23	#include "usb_cmd.h"
afdcb8c1	24	#include "comms.h"
6e4d4ee6	25
0ae6234a	26	// FIXME: what the fuckity fuck
8fe1a992	27	unsigned int current_command = CMD_UNKNOWN;
	28
	29	#define FLASH_START 0x100000
	30	#define FLASH_SIZE (256*1024)
	31	#define FLASH_END (FLASH_START + FLASH_SIZE)
	32	#define BOOTLOADER_SIZE 0x2000
	33	#define BOOTLOADER_END (FLASH_START + BOOTLOADER_SIZE)
	34
28fdb04f	35	#define BLOCK_SIZE 0x200
8fe1a992	36
	37	static const uint8_t elf_ident[] = {
	38	0x7f, 'E', 'L', 'F',
	39	ELFCLASS32,
	40	ELFDATA2LSB,
	41	EV_CURRENT
	42	};
	43
afdcb8c1 MF	44	void CloseProxmark(receiver_arg* conn, char* serial_port_name) {
	45	pthread_mutex_lock(&conn->recv_lock);
	46
	47	// Block the port from being used by anything
	48	serial_port* my_port = GetSerialPort();
	49	SetSerialPort(NULL);
	50
	51	// Then close the port.
	52	uart_close(my_port);
	53	pthread_mutex_unlock(&conn->recv_lock);
	54
	55	// Fix for linux, it seems that it is extremely slow to release the serial port file descriptor /dev/*
	56	unlink(serial_port_name);
	57	}
	58
	59	bool OpenProxmark(char* serial_port_name) {
	60	serial_port *new_port = uart_open(serial_port_name);
	61	if (new_port == INVALID_SERIAL_PORT \|\| new_port == CLAIMED_SERIAL_PORT) {
	62	//poll once a second
	63	return false;
	64	}
	65
	66	SetSerialPort(new_port);
	67	return true;
	68	}
	69
8fe1a992	70	// Turn PHDRs into flasher segments, checking for PHDR sanity and merging adjacent
	71	// unaligned segments if needed
	72	static int build_segs_from_phdrs(flash_file_t ctx, FILE fd, Elf32_Phdr *phdrs, int num_phdrs)
7fe9b0b7	73	{
8fe1a992	74	Elf32_Phdr *phdr = phdrs;
	75	flash_seg_t *seg;
	76	uint32_t last_end = 0;
	77
	78	ctx->segments = malloc(sizeof(flash_seg_t) * num_phdrs);
	79	if (!ctx->segments) {
	80	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
	81	return -1;
	82	}
	83	ctx->num_segs = 0;
	84	seg = ctx->segments;
	85
	86	fprintf(stderr, "Loading usable ELF segments:\n");
	87	for (int i = 0; i < num_phdrs; i++) {
	88	if (le32(phdr->p_type) != PT_LOAD) {
	89	phdr++;
	90	continue;
	91	}
	92	uint32_t vaddr = le32(phdr->p_vaddr);
	93	uint32_t paddr = le32(phdr->p_paddr);
	94	uint32_t filesz = le32(phdr->p_filesz);
	95	uint32_t memsz = le32(phdr->p_memsz);
	96	uint32_t offset = le32(phdr->p_offset);
	97	uint32_t flags = le32(phdr->p_flags);
	98	if (!filesz) {
	99	phdr++;
	100	continue;
	101	}
	102	fprintf(stderr, "%d: V 0x%08x P 0x%08x (0x%08x->0x%08x) [%c%c%c] @0x%x\n",
	103	i, vaddr, paddr, filesz, memsz,
	104	flags & PF_R ? 'R' : ' ',
	105	flags & PF_W ? 'W' : ' ',
	106	flags & PF_X ? 'X' : ' ',
	107	offset);
	108	if (filesz != memsz) {
	109	fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR file size does not equal memory size\n"
	110	"(DATA+BSS PHDRs do not make sense on ROM platforms!)\n");
	111	return -1;
	112	}
	113	if (paddr < last_end) {
	114	fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDRs not sorted or overlap\n");
	115	return -1;
	116	}
	117	if (paddr < FLASH_START \|\| (paddr+filesz) > FLASH_END) {
	118	fprintf(stderr, "Error: PHDR is not contained in Flash\n");
	119	return -1;
	120	}
	121	if (vaddr >= FLASH_START && vaddr < FLASH_END && (flags & PF_W)) {
	122	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Flash VMA segment is writable\n");
	123	return -1;
	124	}
	125
	126	uint8_t *data;
	127	// make extra space if we need to move the data forward
	128	data = malloc(filesz + BLOCK_SIZE);
	129	if (!data) {
	130	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
	131	return -1;
	132	}
	133	if (fseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0 \|\| fread(data, 1, filesz, fd) != filesz) {
	134	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading PHDR payload\n");
	135	free(data);
	136	return -1;
	137	}
138
139	uint32_t block_offset = paddr & (BLOCK_SIZE-1);
140	if (block_offset) {
141	if (ctx->num_segs) {
142	flash_seg_t *prev_seg = seg - 1;
143	uint32_t this_end = paddr + filesz;
144	uint32_t this_firstblock = paddr & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
145	uint32_t prev_lastblock = (last_end - 1) & ~(BLOCK_SIZE-1);
146
147	if (this_firstblock == prev_lastblock) {
148	uint32_t new_length = this_end - prev_seg->start;
149	uint32_t this_offset = paddr - prev_seg->start;
150	uint32_t hole = this_offset - prev_seg->length;
151	uint8_t *new_data = malloc(new_length);
152	if (!new_data) {
153	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
154	free(data);
155	return -1;
156	}
157	memset(new_data, 0xff, new_length);
158	memcpy(new_data, prev_seg->data, prev_seg->length);
159	memcpy(new_data + this_offset, data, filesz);
160	fprintf(stderr, "Note: Extending previous segment from 0x%x to 0x%x bytes\n",
161	prev_seg->length, new_length);
162	if (hole)
163	fprintf(stderr, "Note: 0x%x-byte hole created\n", hole);
164	free(data);
165	free(prev_seg->data);
166	prev_seg->data = new_data;
167	prev_seg->length = new_length;
168	last_end = this_end;
169	phdr++;
170	continue;
171	}
172	}
173	fprintf(stderr, "Warning: segment does not begin on a block boundary, will pad\n");
174	memmove(data + block_offset, data, filesz);
175	memset(data, 0xFF, block_offset);
176	filesz += block_offset;
177	paddr -= block_offset;
178	}
179
180	seg->data = data;
181	seg->start = paddr;
182	seg->length = filesz;
183	seg++;
184	ctx->num_segs++;
185
186	last_end = paddr + filesz;
187	phdr++;
188	}
189	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	190	}
6e4d4ee6	191
8fe1a992	192	// Sanity check segments and check for bootloader writes
	193	static int check_segs(flash_file_t *ctx, int can_write_bl) {
	194	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
	195	flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];
	196
	197	if (seg->start & (BLOCK_SIZE-1)) {
	198	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is not aligned\n");
	199	return -1;
	200	}
	201	if (seg->start < FLASH_START) {
	202	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
	203	return -1;
	204	}
	205	if (seg->start + seg->length > FLASH_END) {
	206	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Segment is outside of flash bounds\n");
	207	return -1;
	208	}
	209	if (!can_write_bl && seg->start < BOOTLOADER_END) {
	210	fprintf(stderr, "Attempted to write bootloader but bootloader writes are not enabled\n");
	211	return -1;
	212	}
	213	}
	214	return 0;
	215	}
	216
	217	// Load an ELF file and prepare it for flashing
	218	int flash_load(flash_file_t ctx, const char name, int can_write_bl)
	219	{
	220	FILE *fd = NULL;
	221	Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
	222	Elf32_Phdr *phdrs = NULL;
	223	int num_phdrs;
	224	int res;
	225
	226	fd = fopen(name, "rb");
	227	if (!fd) {
	228	fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file '%s': ", name);
	229	perror(NULL);
	230	goto fail;
	231	}
	232
	233	fprintf(stderr, "Loading ELF file '%s'...\n", name);
	234
	235	if (fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fd) != 1) {
	236	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF file header\n");
	237	goto fail;
	238	}
	239	if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, elf_ident, sizeof(elf_ident))
	240	\|\| le32(ehdr.e_version) != 1)
	241	{
	242	fprintf(stderr, "Not an ELF file or wrong ELF type\n");
	243	goto fail;
	244	}
	245	if (le16(ehdr.e_type) != ET_EXEC) {
	246	fprintf(stderr, "ELF is not executable\n");
	247	goto fail;
	248	}
	249	if (le16(ehdr.e_machine) != EM_ARM) {
	250	fprintf(stderr, "Wrong ELF architecture\n");
	251	goto fail;
	252	}
	253	if (!ehdr.e_phnum \|\| !ehdr.e_phoff) {
	254	fprintf(stderr, "ELF has no PHDRs\n");
	255	goto fail;
256	}
257	if (le16(ehdr.e_phentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Phdr)) {
258	// could be a structure padding issue...
259	fprintf(stderr, "Either the ELF file or this code is made of fail\n");
260	goto fail;
261	}
262	num_phdrs = le16(ehdr.e_phnum);
263
264	phdrs = malloc(le16(ehdr.e_phnum) * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr));
265	if (!phdrs) {
266	fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
267	goto fail;
268	}
269	if (fseek(fd, le32(ehdr.e_phoff), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
270	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
271	goto fail;
272	}
273	if (fread(phdrs, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), num_phdrs, fd) != num_phdrs) {
274	fprintf(stderr, "Error while reading ELF PHDRs\n");
275	goto fail;
276	}
277
278	res = build_segs_from_phdrs(ctx, fd, phdrs, num_phdrs);
279	if (res < 0)
280	goto fail;
281	res = check_segs(ctx, can_write_bl);
282	if (res < 0)
283	goto fail;
284
66d6ba70	285	free(phdrs);
8fe1a992	286	fclose(fd);
	287	ctx->filename = name;
	288	return 0;
	289
	290	fail:
	291	if (phdrs)
	292	free(phdrs);
	293	if (fd)
	294	fclose(fd);
	295	flash_free(ctx);
	296	return -1;
	297	}
6e4d4ee6	298
8fe1a992	299	// Get the state of the proxmark, backwards compatible
8fe1a992	300	static int get_proxmark_state(uint32_t *state)
6e4d4ee6	301	{
28fdb04f	302	UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992	303	c.cmd = CMD_DEVICE_INFO;
afdcb8c1	304	SendCommand(&c);
28fdb04f	305	UsbCommand resp;
afdcb8c1 MF	306	while (!WaitForResponse(CMD_ANY, &resp)) {
	307	// Keep waiting for a response
	308	msleep(100);
	309	}
8fe1a992	310
	311	// Three outcomes:
	312	// 1. The old bootrom code will ignore CMD_DEVICE_INFO, but respond with an ACK
	313	// 2. The old os code will respond with CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING and "unknown command"
	314	// 3. The new bootrom and os codes will respond with CMD_DEVICE_INFO and flags
	315
	316	switch (resp.cmd) {
	317	case CMD_ACK:
	318	*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM;
	319	break;
	320	case CMD_DEBUG_PRINT_STRING:
	321	*state = DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS;
	322	break;
	323	case CMD_DEVICE_INFO:
	324	*state = resp.arg[0];
	325	break;
	326	default:
43534cba	327	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Couldn't get proxmark state, bad response type: 0x%04" PRIx64 "\n", resp.cmd);
8fe1a992	328	return -1;
	329	break;
	330	}
	331
	332	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	333	}
6e4d4ee6	334
8fe1a992	335	// Enter the bootloader to be able to start flashing
afdcb8c1	336	static int enter_bootloader(receiver_arg* conn, char *serial_port_name)
6e4d4ee6	337	{
8fe1a992	338	uint32_t state;
	339
	340	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
	341	return -1;
	342
	343	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_BOOTROM) {
	344	/* Already in flash state, we're done. */
	345	return 0;
	346	}
	347
	348	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_CURRENT_MODE_OS) {
	349	fprintf(stderr,"Entering bootloader...\n");
28fdb04f	350	UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992	351	memset(&c, 0, sizeof (c));
	352
	353	if ((state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_BOOTROM_PRESENT)
	354	&& (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_OSIMAGE_PRESENT))
	355	{
	356	// New style handover: Send CMD_START_FLASH, which will reset the board
	357	// and enter the bootrom on the next boot.
	358	c.cmd = CMD_START_FLASH;
28fdb04f	359	SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992	360	fprintf(stderr,"(Press and release the button only to abort)\n");
	361	} else {
	362	// Old style handover: Ask the user to press the button, then reset the board
	363	c.cmd = CMD_HARDWARE_RESET;
28fdb04f	364	SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992	365	fprintf(stderr,"Press and hold down button NOW if your bootloader requires it.\n");
8fe1a992	366	}
afdcb8c1 MF	367
	368	msleep(100);
	369	CloseProxmark(conn, serial_port_name);
d8193fa5	370
e654346b	371	fprintf(stderr,"Waiting for Proxmark to reappear on %s",serial_port_name);
afdcb8c1	372	do {
8fe1a992	373	sleep(1);
8fe1a992	374	fprintf(stderr, ".");
afdcb8c1 MF	375	} while (!OpenProxmark(serial_port_name));
afdcb8c1 MF	376
8fe1a992	377	fprintf(stderr," Found.\n");
8fe1a992	378	return 0;
	379	}
	380
	381	fprintf(stderr, "Error: Unknown Proxmark mode\n");
	382	return -1;
6e4d4ee6	383	}
6e4d4ee6	384
afdcb8c1	385	static int wait_for_ack()
6e4d4ee6	386	{
afdcb8c1 MF	387	UsbCommand resp;
	388	while (!WaitForResponse(CMD_ANY, &resp)) {
	389	msleep(100);
	390	}
	391	if (resp.cmd != CMD_ACK) {
	392	printf("Error: Unexpected reply 0x%04" PRIx64 " (expected ACK)\n", resp.cmd);
8fe1a992	393	return -1;
	394	}
	395	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	396	}
6e4d4ee6	397
8fe1a992	398	// Go into flashing mode
afdcb8c1	399	int flash_start_flashing(receiver_arg* conn, int enable_bl_writes,char *serial_port_name)
6e4d4ee6	400	{
8fe1a992	401	uint32_t state;
8fe1a992	402
afdcb8c1	403	if (enter_bootloader(conn, serial_port_name) < 0)
8fe1a992	404	return -1;
	405
	406	if (get_proxmark_state(&state) < 0)
	407	return -1;
	408
	409	if (state & DEVICE_INFO_FLAG_UNDERSTANDS_START_FLASH) {
	410	// This command is stupid. Why the heck does it care which area we're
	411	// flashing, as long as it's not the bootloader area? The mind boggles.
28fdb04f	412	UsbCommand c = {CMD_START_FLASH};
8fe1a992	413
	414	if (enable_bl_writes) {
	415	c.arg[0] = FLASH_START;
	416	c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
	417	c.arg[2] = START_FLASH_MAGIC;
	418	} else {
	419	c.arg[0] = BOOTLOADER_END;
	420	c.arg[1] = FLASH_END;
	421	c.arg[2] = 0;
	422	}
28fdb04f	423	SendCommand(&c);
8fe1a992	424	return wait_for_ack();
	425	} else {
	426	fprintf(stderr, "Note: Your bootloader does not understand the new START_FLASH command\n");
	427	fprintf(stderr, " It is recommended that you update your bootloader\n\n");
	428	}
	429
	430	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	431	}
6e4d4ee6	432
8fe1a992	433	static int write_block(uint32_t address, uint8_t *data, uint32_t length)
6e4d4ee6	434	{
8fe1a992	435	uint8_t block_buf[BLOCK_SIZE];
	436
	437	memset(block_buf, 0xFF, BLOCK_SIZE);
	438	memcpy(block_buf, data, length);
28fdb04f	439	UsbCommand c;
8fe1a992	440	c.cmd = CMD_FINISH_WRITE;
8fe1a992	441	c.arg[0] = address;
28fdb04f	442	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, block_buf, length);
	443	SendCommand(&c);
	444	return wait_for_ack();
6e4d4ee6	445	}
6e4d4ee6	446
8fe1a992	447	// Write a file's segments to Flash
8fe1a992	448	int flash_write(flash_file_t *ctx)
6e4d4ee6	449	{
8fe1a992	450	fprintf(stderr, "Writing segments for file: %s\n", ctx->filename);
	451	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++) {
	452	flash_seg_t *seg = &ctx->segments[i];
	453
	454	uint32_t length = seg->length;
	455	uint32_t blocks = (length + BLOCK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCK_SIZE;
	456	uint32_t end = seg->start + length;
	457
	458	fprintf(stderr, " 0x%08x..0x%08x [0x%x / %d blocks]",
	459	seg->start, end - 1, length, blocks);
	460
	461	int block = 0;
	462	uint8_t *data = seg->data;
	463	uint32_t baddr = seg->start;
	464
	465	while (length) {
	466	uint32_t block_size = length;
	467	if (block_size > BLOCK_SIZE)
	468	block_size = BLOCK_SIZE;
	469
	470	if (write_block(baddr, data, block_size) < 0) {
	471	fprintf(stderr, " ERROR\n");
	472	fprintf(stderr, "Error writing block %d of %d\n", block, blocks);
	473	return -1;
	474	}
	475
	476	data += block_size;
	477	baddr += block_size;
	478	length -= block_size;
	479	block++;
	480	fprintf(stderr, ".");
	481	}
	482	fprintf(stderr, " OK\n");
	483	}
	484	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	485	}
6e4d4ee6	486
8fe1a992	487	// free a file context
8fe1a992	488	void flash_free(flash_file_t *ctx)
7fe9b0b7	489	{
8fe1a992	490	if (!ctx)
	491	return;
	492	if (ctx->segments) {
	493	for (int i = 0; i < ctx->num_segs; i++)
	494	free(ctx->segments[i].data);
	495	free(ctx->segments);
	496	ctx->segments = NULL;
	497	ctx->num_segs = 0;
	498	}
	499	}
	500
	501	// just reset the unit
afdcb8c1	502	int flash_stop_flashing() {
28fdb04f	503	UsbCommand c = {CMD_HARDWARE_RESET};
afdcb8c1 MF	504	SendCommand(&c);
	505	msleep(100);
	506	return 0;
6e4d4ee6	507	}