[proxmark3-svn] / client / cmdlfem4x.c

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2010 iZsh <izsh at fail0verflow.com>
//
// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
// the license.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Low frequency EM4x commands
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "proxmark3.h"
#include "ui.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "graph.h"
#include "cmdparser.h"
#include "cmddata.h"
#include "cmdlf.h"
#include "cmdlfem4x.h"
#include "lfdemod.h"
char *global_em410xId;

static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);

int CmdEMdemodASK(const char *Cmd)
{
        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
        int findone = (cmdp == '1') ? 1 : 0;    
        UsbCommand c={CMD_EM410X_DEMOD};
        c.arg[0]=findone;
        SendCommand(&c);
        return 0;
}

/* Read the ID of an EM410x tag.
 * Format:
 *   1111 1111 1           <-- standard non-repeatable header
 *   XXXX [row parity bit] <-- 10 rows of 5 bits for our 40 bit tag ID
 *   ....
 *   CCCC                  <-- each bit here is parity for the 10 bits above in corresponding column
 *   0                     <-- stop bit, end of tag
 */
int CmdEM410xRead(const char *Cmd)
{
        uint32_t hi=0;
        uint64_t lo=0;

        if(!AskEm410xDemod("", &hi, &lo)) return 0;
        PrintAndLog("EM410x pattern found: ");
        printEM410x(hi, lo);
        if (hi){
                PrintAndLog ("EM410x XL pattern found");
                return 0;
        }
        char id[12] = {0x00};
        sprintf(id, "%010llx",lo);
        
        global_em410xId = id;
        return 1;
}

// emulate an EM410X tag
int CmdEM410xSim(const char *Cmd)
{
        int i, n, j, binary[4], parity[4];

        char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
        uint8_t uid[5] = {0x00};

        if (cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
                PrintAndLog("Usage:  lf em4x 410xsim <UID>");
                PrintAndLog("");
                PrintAndLog("     sample: lf em4x 410xsim 0F0368568B");
                return 0;
        }

        if (param_gethex(Cmd, 0, uid, 10)) {
                PrintAndLog("UID must include 10 HEX symbols");
                return 0;
        }
        
        PrintAndLog("Starting simulating UID %02X%02X%02X%02X%02X", uid[0],uid[1],uid[2],uid[3],uid[4]);
        PrintAndLog("Press pm3-button to about simulation");

        /* clock is 64 in EM410x tags */
        int clock = 64;

        /* clear our graph */
        ClearGraph(0);

                /* write 9 start bits */
                for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
                        AppendGraph(0, clock, 1);

                /* for each hex char */
                parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
                {
                        /* read each hex char */
                        sscanf(&Cmd[i], "%1x", &n);
                        for (j = 3; j >= 0; j--, n/= 2)
                                binary[j] = n % 2;

                        /* append each bit */
                        AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0]);
                        AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[1]);
                        AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[2]);
                        AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[3]);

                        /* append parity bit */
                        AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0] ^ binary[1] ^ binary[2] ^ binary[3]);

                        /* keep track of column parity */
                        parity[0] ^= binary[0];
                        parity[1] ^= binary[1];
                        parity[2] ^= binary[2];
                        parity[3] ^= binary[3];
                }

                /* parity columns */
                AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[0]);
                AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[1]);
                AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[2]);
                AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[3]);

                /* stop bit */
        AppendGraph(1, clock, 0);
 
        CmdLFSim("0"); //240 start_gap.
        return 0;
}

/* Function is equivalent of lf read + data samples + em410xread
 * looped until an EM410x tag is detected 
 * 
 * Why is CmdSamples("16000")?
 *  TBD: Auto-grow sample size based on detected sample rate.  IE: If the
 *       rate gets lower, then grow the number of samples
 *  Changed by martin, 4000 x 4 = 16000, 
 *  see http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=7235#p7235

*/
int CmdEM410xWatch(const char *Cmd)
{
        do {
                if (ukbhit()) {
                        printf("\naborted via keyboard!\n");
                        break;
                }
                
                CmdLFRead("s");
                getSamples("8192",true); //capture enough to get 2 full messages                
        } while (!CmdEM410xRead(""));

        return 0;
}

//currently only supports manchester modulations
int CmdEM410xWatchnSpoof(const char *Cmd)
{
        CmdEM410xWatch(Cmd);
        PrintAndLog("# Replaying captured ID: %s",global_em410xId);
        CmdLFaskSim("");
        return 0;
}

bool EM_EndParityTest(uint8_t *BitStream, size_t size, uint8_t rows, uint8_t cols, uint8_t pType)
{
        if (rows*cols>size) return false;
        uint8_t colP=0;
        //assume last row is a parity row and do not test
        for (uint8_t colNum = 0; colNum < cols-1; colNum++) {
                for (uint8_t rowNum = 0; rowNum < rows; rowNum++) {
                        colP ^= BitStream[(rowNum*cols)+colNum];
                }
                if (colP != pType) return false;
        }
        return true;
}

bool EM_ByteParityTest(uint8_t *BitStream, size_t size, uint8_t rows, uint8_t cols, uint8_t pType)
{
        if (rows*cols>size) return false;
        uint8_t rowP=0;
        //assume last row is a parity row and do not test
        for (uint8_t rowNum = 0; rowNum < rows-1; rowNum++) {
                for (uint8_t colNum = 0; colNum < cols; colNum++) {
                        rowP ^= BitStream[(rowNum*cols)+colNum];
                }
                if (rowP != pType) return false;
        }
        return true;
}

uint32_t OutputEM4x50_Block(uint8_t *BitStream, size_t size, bool verbose, bool pTest)
{
        if (size<45) return 0;
        uint32_t code = bytebits_to_byte(BitStream,8);
        code = code<<8 | bytebits_to_byte(BitStream+9,8);
        code = code<<8 | bytebits_to_byte(BitStream+18,8);
        code = code<<8 | bytebits_to_byte(BitStream+27,8);
        if (verbose || g_debugMode){
                for (uint8_t i = 0; i<5; i++){
                        if (i == 4) PrintAndLog("");
                        PrintAndLog("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d %d -> 0x%02x",
                            BitStream[i*9],
                            BitStream[i*9+1],
                            BitStream[i*9+2],
                            BitStream[i*9+3],
                            BitStream[i*9+4],
                            BitStream[i*9+5],
                            BitStream[i*9+6],
                            BitStream[i*9+7],
                            BitStream[i*9+8],
                            bytebits_to_byte(BitStream+i*9,8)
                        );
                }
                if (pTest)
                        PrintAndLog("Parity Passed");
                else
                        PrintAndLog("Parity Failed");
        }
        //PrintAndLog("Code: %08x",code);
        return code;
}
/* Read the transmitted data of an EM4x50 tag
 * Format:
 *
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  CCCCCCCC                         <- column parity bits
 *  0                                <- stop bit
 *  LW                               <- Listen Window
 *
 * This pattern repeats for every block of data being transmitted.
 * Transmission starts with two Listen Windows (LW - a modulated
 * pattern of 320 cycles each (32/32/128/64/64)).
 *
 * Note that this data may or may not be the UID. It is whatever data
 * is stored in the blocks defined in the control word First and Last
 * Word Read values. UID is stored in block 32.
 */
int EM4x50Read(const char *Cmd, bool verbose)
{
        uint8_t fndClk[]={0,8,16,32,40,50,64};
        int clk = 0; 
        int invert = 0;
        sscanf(Cmd, "%i %i", &clk, &invert);
        int tol = 0;
        int i, j, startblock, skip, block, start, end, low, high, minClk;
        bool complete= false;
        int tmpbuff[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN / 64];
        save_restoreGB(1);
        uint32_t Code[6];
        char tmp[6];

        char tmp2[20];
        high= low= 0;
        memset(tmpbuff, 0, MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN / 64);
                
        // first get high and low values
        for (i = 0; i < GraphTraceLen; i++)
        {
                if (GraphBuffer[i] > high)
                        high = GraphBuffer[i];
                else if (GraphBuffer[i] < low)
                        low = GraphBuffer[i];
        }

        // populate a buffer with pulse lengths
        i= 0;
        j= 0;
        minClk= 255;
        while (i < GraphTraceLen)
        {
                // measure from low to low
                while ((GraphBuffer[i] > low) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
                        ++i;
                start= i;
                while ((GraphBuffer[i] < high) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
                        ++i;
                while ((GraphBuffer[i] > low) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
                        ++i;
                if (j>=(MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN/64)) {
                        break;
                }
                tmpbuff[j++]= i - start;
                if (i-start < minClk) minClk = i-start;
        }
        // set clock
        if (!clk){
                for (uint8_t clkCnt = 0; clkCnt<7; clkCnt++) {
                        tol = fndClk[clkCnt]/8;
                        if (fndClk[clkCnt]-tol >= minClk) { 
                                clk=fndClk[clkCnt];
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }

        // look for data start - should be 2 pairs of LW (pulses of clk*3,clk*2)
        start= -1;
        skip= 0;
        for (i= 0; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
        {
                skip += tmpbuff[i];
                if (tmpbuff[i] >= clk*3-tol && tmpbuff[i] <= clk*3+tol)
                        if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= clk*2-tol && tmpbuff[i+1] <= clk*2+tol)
                                if (tmpbuff[i+2] >= clk*3-tol && tmpbuff[i+2] <= clk*3+tol)
                                        if (tmpbuff[i+3] >= clk-tol)
                                        {
                                                start= i + 4;
                                                break;
                                        }
        }
        startblock= i + 4;

        // skip over the remainder of LW
        skip += tmpbuff[i+1] + tmpbuff[i+2] + clk + clk/8;
        
        int phaseoff = tmpbuff[i+3]-clk;

        // now do it again to find the end
        end = skip;
        for (i += 3; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
        {
                end += tmpbuff[i];
                if (tmpbuff[i] >= clk*3-tol && tmpbuff[i] <= clk*3 + tol)
                        if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= clk*2-tol && tmpbuff[i+1] <= clk*2 + tol)
                                if (tmpbuff[i+2] >= clk*3-tol && tmpbuff[i+2] <= clk*3 + tol)
                                        if (tmpbuff[i+3] >= clk-tol)
                                        {
                                                complete= true;
                                                break;
                                        }
        }
        end = i;
        // report back
        if (verbose || g_debugMode) {
                if (start >= 0) {
                        PrintAndLog("\nNote: should print 45 bits then 0177 (end of block)");
                        PrintAndLog("      for each block");
                        PrintAndLog("      Also, sometimes the demod gets out of sync and ");
                        PrintAndLog("      inverts the output - when this happens the 0177");
                        PrintAndLog("      will be 3 extra 1's at the end");
                        PrintAndLog("        'data askedge' command may fix that");
                }       else {
                        PrintAndLog("No data found!");
                        PrintAndLog("Try again with more samples.");
                        return 0;
                }
                if (!complete)
                {
                        PrintAndLog("*** Warning!");
                        PrintAndLog("Partial data - no end found!");
                        PrintAndLog("Try again with more samples.");
                }
        } else if (start < 0) return 0;
        start=skip;
        snprintf(tmp2, sizeof(tmp2),"%d %d 1000 %d", clk, invert, clk*47);
        // get rid of leading crap 
        snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp),"%i",skip);
        CmdLtrim(tmp);
        bool pTest;
        bool AllPTest=true;
        // now work through remaining buffer printing out data blocks
        block = 0;
        i = startblock;
        while (block < 6)
        {
                if (verbose || g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("\nBlock %i:", block);
                skip = phaseoff;
                
                // look for LW before start of next block
                for ( ; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
                {
                        skip += tmpbuff[i];
                        if (tmpbuff[i] >= clk*3-tol && tmpbuff[i] <= clk*3+tol)
                                if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= clk-tol)
                                        break;
                }
                skip += clk;
                phaseoff = tmpbuff[i+1]-clk;
                i += 2;
                if (ASKmanDemod(tmp2, false, false)<1) return 0;
                //set DemodBufferLen to just one block
                DemodBufferLen = skip/clk;
                //test parities
                pTest = EM_ByteParityTest(DemodBuffer,DemodBufferLen,5,9,0);    
                pTest &= EM_EndParityTest(DemodBuffer,DemodBufferLen,5,9,0);
                AllPTest &= pTest;
                //get output
                Code[block]=OutputEM4x50_Block(DemodBuffer,DemodBufferLen,verbose, pTest);
                if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("\nskipping %d samples, bits:%d",start, skip/clk);
                //skip to start of next block
                snprintf(tmp,sizeof(tmp),"%i",skip);
                CmdLtrim(tmp);
                block++;
                if (i>=end) break; //in case chip doesn't output 6 blocks
        }
        //print full code:
        if (verbose || g_debugMode || AllPTest){
                PrintAndLog("Found data at sample: %i - using clock: %i",skip,clk);    
                //PrintAndLog("\nSummary:");
                end=block;
                for (block=0; block<end; block++){
                        PrintAndLog("Block %d: %08x",block,Code[block]);
                }
                if (AllPTest)
                        PrintAndLog("Parities Passed");
                else
                        PrintAndLog("Parities Failed");
        }

        //restore GraphBuffer
        save_restoreGB(0);
        return (int)AllPTest;
}

int CmdEM4x50Read(const char *Cmd)
{
        return EM4x50Read(Cmd, true);
}

int CmdEM410xWrite(const char *Cmd)
{
        uint64_t id = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // invalid id value
        int card = 0xFF; // invalid card value
        unsigned int clock = 0; // invalid clock value

        sscanf(Cmd, "%" PRIx64 " %d %d", &id, &card, &clock);

        // Check ID
        if (id == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) {
                PrintAndLog("Error! ID is required.\n");
                return 0;
        }
        if (id >= 0x10000000000) {
                PrintAndLog("Error! Given EM410x ID is longer than 40 bits.\n");
                return 0;
        }

        // Check Card
        if (card == 0xFF) {
                PrintAndLog("Error! Card type required.\n");
                return 0;
        }
        if (card < 0) {
                PrintAndLog("Error! Bad card type selected.\n");
                return 0;
        }

        // Check Clock
        if (card == 1)
        {
                // Default: 64
                if (clock == 0)
                        clock = 64;

                // Allowed clock rates: 16, 32 and 64
                if ((clock != 16) && (clock != 32) && (clock != 64)) {
                        PrintAndLog("Error! Clock rate %d not valid. Supported clock rates are 16, 32 and 64.\n", clock);
                        return 0;
                }
        }
        else if (clock != 0)
        {
                PrintAndLog("Error! Clock rate is only supported on T55x7 tags.\n");
                return 0;
        }

        if (card == 1) {
                PrintAndLog("Writing %s tag with UID 0x%010" PRIx64 " (clock rate: %d)", "T55x7", id, clock);
                // NOTE: We really should pass the clock in as a separate argument, but to
                //   provide for backwards-compatibility for older firmware, and to avoid
                //   having to add another argument to CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG, we just store
                //   the clock rate in bits 8-15 of the card value
                card = (card & 0xFF) | (((uint64_t)clock << 8) & 0xFF00);
        }
        else if (card == 0)
                PrintAndLog("Writing %s tag with UID 0x%010" PRIx64, "T5555", id, clock);
        else {
                PrintAndLog("Error! Bad card type selected.\n");
                return 0;
        }

        UsbCommand c = {CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG, {card, (uint32_t)(id >> 32), (uint32_t)id}};
        SendCommand(&c);

        return 0;
}

int CmdReadWord(const char *Cmd)
{
        int Word = -1; //default to invalid word
        UsbCommand c;
        
        sscanf(Cmd, "%d", &Word);
        
        if ( (Word > 15) | (Word < 0) ) {
                PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
                return 1;
        }
        
        PrintAndLog("Reading word %d", Word);
        
        c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
        c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
        c.arg[0] = 0;
        c.arg[1] = Word;
        c.arg[2] = 0;
        SendCommand(&c);
        return 0;
}

int CmdReadWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
{
        int Word = -1; //default to invalid word
        int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
        UsbCommand c;
        
        sscanf(Cmd, "%d %x", &Word, &Password);
        
        if ( (Word > 15) | (Word < 0) ) {
                PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
                return 1;
        }
        
        PrintAndLog("Reading word %d with password %08X", Word, Password);
        
        c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
        c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
        c.arg[0] = 0;
        c.arg[1] = Word;
        c.arg[2] = Password;
        SendCommand(&c);
        return 0;
}

int CmdWriteWord(const char *Cmd)
{
        int Word = 16; //default to invalid block
        int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
        UsbCommand c;
        
        sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d", &Data, &Word);
        
        if (Word > 15) {
                PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
                return 1;
        }
        
        PrintAndLog("Writing word %d with data %08X", Word, Data);
        
        c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
        c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
        c.arg[0] = Data;
        c.arg[1] = Word;
        c.arg[2] = 0;
        SendCommand(&c);
        return 0;
}

int CmdWriteWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
{
        int Word = 16; //default to invalid word
        int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
        int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
        UsbCommand c;
        
        sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d %x", &Data, &Word, &Password);
        
        if (Word > 15) {
                PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
                return 1;
        }
        
        PrintAndLog("Writing word %d with data %08X and password %08X", Word, Data, Password);
        
        c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
        c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
        c.arg[0] = Data;
        c.arg[1] = Word;
        c.arg[2] = Password;
        SendCommand(&c);
        return 0;
}

static command_t CommandTable[] =
{
        {"help", CmdHelp, 1, "This help"},
        {"em410xdemod", CmdEMdemodASK, 0, "[findone] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag (option 0 for continuous loop, 1 for only 1 tag)"},  
        {"em410xread", CmdEM410xRead, 1, "[clock rate] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag"},
        {"em410xsim", CmdEM410xSim, 0, "<UID> -- Simulate EM410x tag"},
        {"em410xwatch", CmdEM410xWatch, 0, "['h'] -- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags (option 'h' for 134)"},
        {"em410xspoof", CmdEM410xWatchnSpoof, 0, "['h'] --- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags, and replays them. (option 'h' for 134)" },
        {"em410xwrite", CmdEM410xWrite, 1, "<UID> <'0' T5555> <'1' T55x7> [clock rate] -- Write EM410x UID to T5555(Q5) or T55x7 tag, optionally setting clock rate"},
        {"em4x50read", CmdEM4x50Read, 1, "Extract data from EM4x50 tag"},
        {"readword", CmdReadWord, 1, "<Word> -- Read EM4xxx word data"},
        {"readwordPWD", CmdReadWordPWD, 1, "<Word> <Password> -- Read EM4xxx word data in password mode"},
        {"writeword", CmdWriteWord, 1, "<Data> <Word> -- Write EM4xxx word data"},
        {"writewordPWD", CmdWriteWordPWD, 1, "<Data> <Word> <Password> -- Write EM4xxx word data in password mode"},
        {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};

int CmdLFEM4X(const char *Cmd)
{
        CmdsParse(CommandTable, Cmd);
        return 0;
}

int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd)
{
        CmdsHelp(CommandTable);
        return 0;
}