1 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 // Gerhard de Koning Gans - May 2008
3 // Hagen Fritsch - June 2010
4 // Gerhard de Koning Gans - May 2011
5 // Gerhard de Koning Gans - June 2012 - Added iClass card and reader emulation
7 // This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
8 // at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
10 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
11 // Routines to support iClass.
12 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
13 // Based on ISO14443a implementation. Still in experimental phase.
14 // Contribution made during a security research at Radboud University Nijmegen
16 // Please feel free to contribute and extend iClass support!!
17 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
21 // We still have sometimes a demodulation error when snooping iClass communication.
22 // The resulting trace of a read-block-03 command may look something like this:
24 // + 22279: : 0c 03 e8 01
26 // ...with an incorrect answer...
28 // + 85: 0: TAG ff! ff! ff! ff! ff! ff! ff! ff! bb 33 bb 00 01! 0e! 04! bb !crc
30 // We still left the error signalling bytes in the traces like 0xbb
32 // A correct trace should look like this:
34 // + 21112: : 0c 03 e8 01
35 // + 85: 0: TAG ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ea f5
37 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
41 #include "proxmark3.h"
48 #include "iso14443a.h"
50 // Needed for CRC in emulation mode;
51 // same construction as in ISO 14443;
52 // different initial value (CRC_ICLASS)
53 #include "iso14443crc.h"
54 #include "iso15693tools.h"
55 #include "protocols.h"
56 #include "optimized_cipher.h"
57 #include "usb_cdc.h" // for usb_poll_validate_length
58 #include "fpgaloader.h"
60 static int timeout
= 4096;
62 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
63 // The software UART that receives commands from the reader, and its state
65 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
69 STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION
,
89 static RAMFUNC
int OutOfNDecoding(int bit
) {
93 if (!Uart
.bitBuffer
) {
94 Uart
.bitBuffer
= bit
^ 0xFF0;
98 Uart
.bitBuffer
^= bit
;
101 /*if (Uart.swapper) {
102 Uart.output[Uart.byteCnt] = Uart.bitBuffer & 0xFF;
105 if (Uart.byteCnt > 15) { return true; }
111 if (Uart
.state
!= STATE_UNSYNCD
) {
114 if ((Uart
.bitBuffer
& Uart
.syncBit
) ^ Uart
.syncBit
) {
119 if (((Uart
.bitBuffer
<< 1) & Uart
.syncBit
) ^ Uart
.syncBit
) {
124 if (bit
!= bitright
) {
129 // So, now we only have to deal with *bit*, lets see...
130 if (Uart
.posCnt
== 1) {
131 // measurement first half bitperiod
133 // Drop in first half means that we are either seeing
136 if (Uart
.nOutOfCnt
== 1) {
137 // End of Communication
138 Uart
.state
= STATE_UNSYNCD
;
140 if (Uart
.byteCnt
== 0) {
141 // Its not straightforward to show single EOFs
142 // So just leave it and do not return true
143 Uart
.output
[0] = 0xf0;
148 } else if (Uart
.state
!= STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION
) {
149 // When not part of SOF or EOF, it is an error
150 Uart
.state
= STATE_UNSYNCD
;
156 // measurement second half bitperiod
157 // Count the bitslot we are in... (ISO 15693)
161 if (Uart
.dropPosition
) {
162 if (Uart
.state
== STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION
) {
167 // It is an error if we already have seen a drop in current frame
168 Uart
.state
= STATE_UNSYNCD
;
171 Uart
.dropPosition
= Uart
.nOutOfCnt
;
178 if (Uart
.nOutOfCnt
== Uart
.OutOfCnt
&& Uart
.OutOfCnt
== 4) {
181 if (Uart
.state
== STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION
) {
182 if (Uart
.dropPosition
== 4) {
183 Uart
.state
= STATE_RECEIVING
;
185 } else if (Uart
.dropPosition
== 3) {
186 Uart
.state
= STATE_RECEIVING
;
188 //Uart.output[Uart.byteCnt] = 0xdd;
191 Uart
.state
= STATE_UNSYNCD
;
194 Uart
.dropPosition
= 0;
198 if (!Uart
.dropPosition
) {
199 Uart
.state
= STATE_UNSYNCD
;
207 //if (Uart.dropPosition == 1) { Uart.dropPosition = 2; }
208 //else if (Uart.dropPosition == 2) { Uart.dropPosition = 1; }
210 Uart
.shiftReg
^= ((Uart
.dropPosition
& 0x03) << 6);
212 Uart
.dropPosition
= 0;
214 if (Uart
.bitCnt
== 8) {
215 Uart
.output
[Uart
.byteCnt
] = (Uart
.shiftReg
& 0xff);
222 } else if (Uart
.nOutOfCnt
== Uart
.OutOfCnt
) {
225 if (!Uart
.dropPosition
) {
226 Uart
.state
= STATE_UNSYNCD
;
231 Uart
.output
[Uart
.byteCnt
] = (Uart
.dropPosition
& 0xff);
236 Uart
.dropPosition
= 0;
241 Uart.output[Uart.byteCnt] = 0xAA;
243 Uart.output[Uart.byteCnt] = error & 0xFF;
245 Uart.output[Uart.byteCnt] = 0xAA;
247 Uart.output[Uart.byteCnt] = (Uart.bitBuffer >> 8) & 0xFF;
249 Uart.output[Uart.byteCnt] = Uart.bitBuffer & 0xFF;
251 Uart.output[Uart.byteCnt] = (Uart.syncBit >> 3) & 0xFF;
253 Uart.output[Uart.byteCnt] = 0xAA;
260 bit
= Uart
.bitBuffer
& 0xf0;
262 bit
^= 0x0F; // drops become 1s ;-)
264 // should have been high or at least (4 * 128) / fc
265 // according to ISO this should be at least (9 * 128 + 20) / fc
266 if (Uart
.highCnt
== 8) {
267 // we went low, so this could be start of communication
268 // it turns out to be safer to choose a less significant
269 // syncbit... so we check whether the neighbour also represents the drop
270 Uart
.posCnt
= 1; // apparently we are busy with our first half bit period
271 Uart
.syncBit
= bit
& 8;
273 if (!Uart
.syncBit
) { Uart
.syncBit
= bit
& 4; Uart
.samples
= 2; }
274 else if (bit
& 4) { Uart
.syncBit
= bit
& 4; Uart
.samples
= 2; bit
<<= 2; }
275 if (!Uart
.syncBit
) { Uart
.syncBit
= bit
& 2; Uart
.samples
= 1; }
276 else if (bit
& 2) { Uart
.syncBit
= bit
& 2; Uart
.samples
= 1; bit
<<= 1; }
277 if (!Uart
.syncBit
) { Uart
.syncBit
= bit
& 1; Uart
.samples
= 0;
278 if (Uart
.syncBit
&& (Uart
.bitBuffer
& 8)) {
281 // the first half bit period is expected in next sample
285 } else if (bit
& 1) { Uart
.syncBit
= bit
& 1; Uart
.samples
= 0; }
288 Uart
.state
= STATE_START_OF_COMMUNICATION
;
292 Uart
.OutOfCnt
= 4; // Start at 1/4, could switch to 1/256
293 Uart
.dropPosition
= 0;
299 } else if (Uart
.highCnt
< 8) {
308 //=============================================================================
310 //=============================================================================
315 DEMOD_START_OF_COMMUNICATION
,
316 DEMOD_START_OF_COMMUNICATION2
,
317 DEMOD_START_OF_COMMUNICATION3
,
321 DEMOD_END_OF_COMMUNICATION
,
322 DEMOD_END_OF_COMMUNICATION2
,
345 static RAMFUNC
int ManchesterDecoding(int v
) {
351 Demod
.buffer
= Demod
.buffer2
;
352 Demod
.buffer2
= Demod
.buffer3
;
355 if (Demod
.buff
< 3) {
360 if (Demod
.state
==DEMOD_UNSYNCD
) {
361 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = 0xfa;
364 Demod
.posCount
= 1; // This is the first half bit period, so after syncing handle the second part
367 Demod
.syncBit
= 0x08;
374 Demod
.syncBit
= 0x04;
381 Demod
.syncBit
= 0x02;
384 if (bit
& 0x01 && Demod
.syncBit
) {
385 Demod
.syncBit
= 0x01;
390 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_START_OF_COMMUNICATION
;
391 Demod
.sub
= SUB_FIRST_HALF
;
395 if (Demod
.posCount
) {
396 switch (Demod
.syncBit
) {
397 case 0x08: Demod
.samples
= 3; break;
398 case 0x04: Demod
.samples
= 2; break;
399 case 0x02: Demod
.samples
= 1; break;
400 case 0x01: Demod
.samples
= 0; break;
402 // SOF must be long burst... otherwise stay unsynced!!!
403 if (!(Demod
.buffer
& Demod
.syncBit
) || !(Demod
.buffer2
& Demod
.syncBit
)) {
404 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_UNSYNCD
;
407 // SOF must be long burst... otherwise stay unsynced!!!
408 if (!(Demod
.buffer2
& Demod
.syncBit
) || !(Demod
.buffer3
& Demod
.syncBit
)) {
409 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_UNSYNCD
;
418 // state is DEMOD is in SYNC from here on.
419 modulation
= bit
& Demod
.syncBit
;
420 modulation
|= ((bit
<< 1) ^ ((Demod
.buffer
& 0x08) >> 3)) & Demod
.syncBit
;
424 if (Demod
.posCount
== 0) {
427 Demod
.sub
= SUB_FIRST_HALF
;
429 Demod
.sub
= SUB_NONE
;
434 if (Demod
.sub
== SUB_FIRST_HALF
) {
435 Demod
.sub
= SUB_BOTH
;
437 Demod
.sub
= SUB_SECOND_HALF
;
439 } else if (Demod
.sub
== SUB_NONE
) {
440 if (Demod
.state
== DEMOD_SOF_COMPLETE
) {
441 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = 0x0f;
443 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_UNSYNCD
;
446 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_ERROR_WAIT
;
451 switch(Demod
.state
) {
452 case DEMOD_START_OF_COMMUNICATION
:
453 if (Demod
.sub
== SUB_BOTH
) {
454 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_START_OF_COMMUNICATION2
;
456 Demod
.sub
= SUB_NONE
;
458 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = 0xab;
459 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_ERROR_WAIT
;
463 case DEMOD_START_OF_COMMUNICATION2
:
464 if (Demod
.sub
== SUB_SECOND_HALF
) {
465 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_START_OF_COMMUNICATION3
;
467 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = 0xab;
468 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_ERROR_WAIT
;
472 case DEMOD_START_OF_COMMUNICATION3
:
473 if (Demod
.sub
== SUB_SECOND_HALF
) {
474 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_SOF_COMPLETE
;
476 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = 0xab;
477 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_ERROR_WAIT
;
481 case DEMOD_SOF_COMPLETE
:
482 case DEMOD_MANCHESTER_D
:
483 case DEMOD_MANCHESTER_E
:
484 // OPPOSITE FROM ISO14443 - 11110000 = 0 (1 in 14443)
485 // 00001111 = 1 (0 in 14443)
486 if (Demod
.sub
== SUB_SECOND_HALF
) { // SUB_FIRST_HALF
488 Demod
.shiftReg
= (Demod
.shiftReg
>> 1) ^ 0x100;
489 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_MANCHESTER_D
;
490 } else if (Demod
.sub
== SUB_FIRST_HALF
) { // SUB_SECOND_HALF
492 Demod
.shiftReg
>>= 1;
493 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_MANCHESTER_E
;
494 } else if (Demod
.sub
== SUB_BOTH
) {
495 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_MANCHESTER_F
;
497 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_ERROR_WAIT
;
502 case DEMOD_MANCHESTER_F
:
503 // Tag response does not need to be a complete byte!
504 if (Demod
.len
> 0 || Demod
.bitCount
> 0) {
505 if (Demod
.bitCount
> 1) { // was > 0, do not interpret last closing bit, is part of EOF
506 Demod
.shiftReg
>>= (9 - Demod
.bitCount
); // right align data
507 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = Demod
.shiftReg
& 0xff;
511 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_UNSYNCD
;
514 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = 0xad;
515 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_ERROR_WAIT
;
520 case DEMOD_ERROR_WAIT
:
521 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_UNSYNCD
;
525 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = 0xdd;
526 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_UNSYNCD
;
530 if (Demod
.bitCount
>= 8) {
531 Demod
.shiftReg
>>= 1;
532 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = (Demod
.shiftReg
& 0xff);
539 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = 0xBB;
541 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = error
& 0xFF;
543 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = 0xBB;
545 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = bit
& 0xFF;
547 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = Demod
.buffer
& 0xFF;
550 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = Demod
.buffer2
& 0xFF;
552 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = Demod
.syncBit
& 0xFF;
554 Demod
.output
[Demod
.len
] = 0xBB;
561 } // end (state != UNSYNCED)
566 //=============================================================================
567 // Finally, a `sniffer' for iClass communication
568 // Both sides of communication!
569 //=============================================================================
571 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
572 // Record the sequence of commands sent by the reader to the tag, with
573 // triggering so that we start recording at the point that the tag is moved
575 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
576 void RAMFUNC
SnoopIClass(void) {
578 // We won't start recording the frames that we acquire until we trigger;
579 // a good trigger condition to get started is probably when we see a
580 // response from the tag.
581 //int triggered = false; // false to wait first for card
583 // The command (reader -> tag) that we're receiving.
584 // The length of a received command will in most cases be no more than 18 bytes.
585 // So 32 should be enough!
586 #define ICLASS_BUFFER_SIZE 32
587 uint8_t readerToTagCmd
[ICLASS_BUFFER_SIZE
];
588 // The response (tag -> reader) that we're receiving.
589 uint8_t tagToReaderResponse
[ICLASS_BUFFER_SIZE
];
591 FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_HF
);
593 // free all BigBuf memory
595 // The DMA buffer, used to stream samples from the FPGA
596 uint8_t *dmaBuf
= BigBuf_malloc(DMA_BUFFER_SIZE
);
600 iso14a_set_trigger(false);
607 // Count of samples received so far, so that we can include timing
608 // information in the trace buffer.
612 // Set up the demodulator for tag -> reader responses.
613 Demod
.output
= tagToReaderResponse
;
615 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_UNSYNCD
;
617 // Setup for the DMA.
618 FpgaSetupSsc(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A
);
620 lastRxCounter
= DMA_BUFFER_SIZE
;
621 FpgaSetupSscDma((uint8_t *)dmaBuf
, DMA_BUFFER_SIZE
);
623 // And the reader -> tag commands
624 memset(&Uart
, 0, sizeof(Uart
));
625 Uart
.output
= readerToTagCmd
;
626 Uart
.byteCntMax
= 32; // was 100 (greg)////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
627 Uart
.state
= STATE_UNSYNCD
;
629 // And put the FPGA in the appropriate mode
630 // Signal field is off with the appropriate LED
632 FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A
| FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_SNIFFER
);
633 SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD
);
635 uint32_t time_0
= GetCountSspClk();
636 uint32_t time_start
= 0;
637 uint32_t time_stop
= 0;
644 // And now we loop, receiving samples.
648 int behindBy
= (lastRxCounter
- AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC
->PDC_RCR
) & (DMA_BUFFER_SIZE
-1);
649 if (behindBy
> maxBehindBy
) {
650 maxBehindBy
= behindBy
;
651 if (behindBy
> (9 * DMA_BUFFER_SIZE
/ 10)) {
652 Dbprintf("blew circular buffer! behindBy=0x%x", behindBy
);
656 if (behindBy
< 1) continue;
662 if (upTo
- dmaBuf
> DMA_BUFFER_SIZE
) {
663 upTo
-= DMA_BUFFER_SIZE
;
664 lastRxCounter
+= DMA_BUFFER_SIZE
;
665 AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC
->PDC_RNPR
= (uint32_t) upTo
;
666 AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC
->PDC_RNCR
= DMA_BUFFER_SIZE
;
673 decbyte
^= (1 << (3 - div
));
676 // FOR READER SIDE COMMUMICATION...
679 decbyter
^= (smpl
& 0x30);
683 if ((div
+ 1) % 2 == 0) {
685 if (OutOfNDecoding((smpl
& 0xF0) >> 4)) {
686 rsamples
= samples
- Uart
.samples
;
687 time_stop
= (GetCountSspClk()-time_0
) << 4;
690 //if (!LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.byteCnt, rsamples, Uart.parityBits,true)) break;
691 //if (!LogTrace(NULL, 0, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_READER_AIR2ARM_AS_SNIFFER, 0, true)) break;
692 uint8_t parity
[MAX_PARITY_SIZE
];
693 GetParity(Uart
.output
, Uart
.byteCnt
, parity
);
694 LogTrace(Uart
.output
, Uart
.byteCnt
, time_start
, time_stop
, parity
, true);
696 /* And ready to receive another command. */
697 Uart
.state
= STATE_UNSYNCD
;
698 /* And also reset the demod code, which might have been */
699 /* false-triggered by the commands from the reader. */
700 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_UNSYNCD
;
704 time_start
= (GetCountSspClk()-time_0
) << 4;
711 if (ManchesterDecoding(smpl
& 0x0F)) {
712 time_stop
= (GetCountSspClk()-time_0
) << 4;
714 rsamples
= samples
- Demod
.samples
;
717 uint8_t parity
[MAX_PARITY_SIZE
];
718 GetParity(Demod
.output
, Demod
.len
, parity
);
719 LogTrace(Demod
.output
, Demod
.len
, time_start
, time_stop
, parity
, false);
721 // And ready to receive another response.
722 memset(&Demod
, 0, sizeof(Demod
));
723 Demod
.output
= tagToReaderResponse
;
724 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_UNSYNCD
;
727 time_start
= (GetCountSspClk()-time_0
) << 4;
734 if (BUTTON_PRESS()) {
735 DbpString("cancelled_a");
740 DbpString("COMMAND FINISHED");
742 Dbprintf("%x %x %x", maxBehindBy
, Uart
.state
, Uart
.byteCnt
);
743 Dbprintf("%x %x %x", Uart
.byteCntMax
, BigBuf_get_traceLen(), (int)Uart
.output
[0]);
746 AT91C_BASE_PDC_SSC
->PDC_PTCR
= AT91C_PDC_RXTDIS
;
747 Dbprintf("%x %x %x", maxBehindBy
, Uart
.state
, Uart
.byteCnt
);
748 Dbprintf("%x %x %x", Uart
.byteCntMax
, BigBuf_get_traceLen(), (int)Uart
.output
[0]);
752 void rotateCSN(uint8_t* originalCSN
, uint8_t* rotatedCSN
) {
754 for (i
= 0; i
< 8; i
++) {
755 rotatedCSN
[i
] = (originalCSN
[i
] >> 3) | (originalCSN
[(i
+1)%8] << 5);
760 static void CodeIClassTagSOF() {
762 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0x1D;
766 static void AppendCrc(uint8_t *data
, int len
) {
767 ComputeCrc14443(CRC_ICLASS
, data
, len
, data
+len
, data
+len
+1);
772 * @brief Does the actual simulation
774 int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode
, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf
) {
776 // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory
777 BigBuf_free_keep_EM();
779 uint16_t page_size
= 32 * 8;
780 uint8_t current_page
= 0;
782 // maintain cipher states for both credit and debit key for each page
783 State cipher_state_KC
[8];
784 State cipher_state_KD
[8];
785 State
*cipher_state
= &cipher_state_KD
[0];
787 uint8_t *emulator
= BigBuf_get_EM_addr();
788 uint8_t *csn
= emulator
;
790 // CSN followed by two CRC bytes
791 uint8_t anticoll_data
[10];
792 uint8_t csn_data
[10];
793 memcpy(csn_data
, csn
, sizeof(csn_data
));
794 Dbprintf("Simulating CSN %02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x", csn
[0], csn
[1], csn
[2], csn
[3], csn
[4], csn
[5], csn
[6], csn
[7]);
796 // Construct anticollision-CSN
797 rotateCSN(csn_data
, anticoll_data
);
799 // Compute CRC on both CSNs
800 AppendCrc(anticoll_data
, 8);
801 AppendCrc(csn_data
, 8);
803 uint8_t diversified_key_d
[8];
804 uint8_t diversified_key_c
[8];
805 uint8_t *diversified_key
= diversified_key_d
;
807 // configuration block
808 uint8_t conf_block
[10] = {0x12, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x7F, 0x1F, 0xFF, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00};
809 AppendCrc(conf_block
, 8);
812 uint8_t card_challenge_data
[8] = { 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff };
814 if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
) {
815 // initialize from page 0
816 memcpy(conf_block
, emulator
+ 8 * 1, 8);
817 memcpy(card_challenge_data
, emulator
+ 8 * 2, 8); // e-purse
818 memcpy(diversified_key_d
, emulator
+ 8 * 3, 8); // Kd
819 memcpy(diversified_key_c
, emulator
+ 8 * 4, 8); // Kc
822 // save card challenge for sim2,4 attack
823 if (reader_mac_buf
!= NULL
) {
824 memcpy(reader_mac_buf
, card_challenge_data
, 8);
827 if (conf_block
[5] & 0x80) {
832 // When the page is in personalization mode this bit is equal to 1.
833 // Once the application issuer has personalized and coded its dedicated areas, this bit must be set to 0:
834 // the page is then "in application mode".
835 bool personalization_mode
= conf_block
[7] & 0x80;
837 // chip memory may be divided in 8 pages
838 uint8_t max_page
= conf_block
[4] & 0x10 ? 0 : 7;
840 // Precalculate the cipher states, feeding it the CC
841 cipher_state_KD
[0] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data
, diversified_key_d
);
842 cipher_state_KC
[0] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data
, diversified_key_c
);
843 if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
) {
844 for (int i
= 1; i
< max_page
; i
++) {
845 uint8_t *epurse
= emulator
+ i
*page_size
+ 8*2;
846 uint8_t *Kd
= emulator
+ i
*page_size
+ 8*3;
847 uint8_t *Kc
= emulator
+ i
*page_size
+ 8*4;
848 cipher_state_KD
[i
] = opt_doTagMAC_1(epurse
, Kd
);
849 cipher_state_KC
[i
] = opt_doTagMAC_1(epurse
, Kc
);
858 // Reader 81 anticoll. CSN
861 uint8_t *modulated_response
;
862 int modulated_response_size
= 0;
863 uint8_t *trace_data
= NULL
;
864 int trace_data_size
= 0;
866 // Respond SOF -- takes 1 bytes
867 uint8_t *resp_sof
= BigBuf_malloc(1);
870 // Anticollision CSN (rotated CSN)
871 // 22: Takes 2 bytes for SOF/EOF and 10 * 2 = 20 bytes (2 bytes/byte)
872 uint8_t *resp_anticoll
= BigBuf_malloc(22);
873 int resp_anticoll_len
;
876 // 22: Takes 2 bytes for SOF/EOF and 10 * 2 = 20 bytes (2 bytes/byte)
877 uint8_t *resp_csn
= BigBuf_malloc(22);
880 // configuration (block 1) picopass 2ks
881 uint8_t *resp_conf
= BigBuf_malloc(22);
885 // 18: Takes 2 bytes for SOF/EOF and 8 * 2 = 16 bytes (2 bytes/bit)
886 uint8_t *resp_cc
= BigBuf_malloc(18);
889 // Kd, Kc (blocks 3 and 4). Cannot be read. Always respond with 0xff bytes only
890 uint8_t *resp_ff
= BigBuf_malloc(22);
892 uint8_t ff_data
[10] = {0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00};
893 AppendCrc(ff_data
, 8);
895 // Application Issuer Area (block 5)
896 uint8_t *resp_aia
= BigBuf_malloc(22);
898 uint8_t aia_data
[10] = {0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00};
899 AppendCrc(aia_data
, 8);
901 uint8_t *receivedCmd
= BigBuf_malloc(MAX_FRAME_SIZE
);
904 // Prepare card messages
906 // First card answer: SOF only
908 memcpy(resp_sof
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
909 resp_sof_Len
= ToSendMax
;
912 CodeIso15693AsTag(anticoll_data
, sizeof(anticoll_data
));
913 memcpy(resp_anticoll
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
914 resp_anticoll_len
= ToSendMax
;
917 CodeIso15693AsTag(csn_data
, sizeof(csn_data
));
918 memcpy(resp_csn
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
919 resp_csn_len
= ToSendMax
;
921 // Configuration (block 1)
922 CodeIso15693AsTag(conf_block
, sizeof(conf_block
));
923 memcpy(resp_conf
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
924 resp_conf_len
= ToSendMax
;
927 CodeIso15693AsTag(card_challenge_data
, sizeof(card_challenge_data
));
928 memcpy(resp_cc
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
929 resp_cc_len
= ToSendMax
;
931 // Kd, Kc (blocks 3 and 4)
932 CodeIso15693AsTag(ff_data
, sizeof(ff_data
));
933 memcpy(resp_ff
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
934 resp_ff_len
= ToSendMax
;
936 // Application Issuer Area (block 5)
937 CodeIso15693AsTag(aia_data
, sizeof(aia_data
));
938 memcpy(resp_aia
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
939 resp_aia_len
= ToSendMax
;
941 //This is used for responding to READ-block commands or other data which is dynamically generated
942 uint8_t *data_generic_trace
= BigBuf_malloc(32 + 2); // 32 bytes data + 2byte CRC is max tag answer
943 uint8_t *data_response
= BigBuf_malloc( (32 + 2) * 2 + 2);
945 bool buttonPressed
= false;
946 enum { IDLE
, ACTIVATED
, SELECTED
, HALTED
} chip_state
= IDLE
;
951 uint32_t reader_eof_time
= 0;
952 len
= GetIso15693CommandFromReader(receivedCmd
, MAX_FRAME_SIZE
, &reader_eof_time
);
954 buttonPressed
= true;
958 // Now look at the reader command and provide appropriate responses
959 // default is no response:
960 modulated_response
= NULL
;
961 modulated_response_size
= 0;
965 if (receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_ACTALL
&& len
== 1) {
966 // Reader in anticollision phase
967 if (chip_state
!= HALTED
) {
968 modulated_response
= resp_sof
;
969 modulated_response_size
= resp_sof_Len
;
970 chip_state
= ACTIVATED
;
973 } else if (receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READ_OR_IDENTIFY
&& len
== 1) { // identify
974 // Reader asks for anticollision CSN
975 if (chip_state
== SELECTED
|| chip_state
== ACTIVATED
) {
976 modulated_response
= resp_anticoll
;
977 modulated_response_size
= resp_anticoll_len
;
978 trace_data
= anticoll_data
;
979 trace_data_size
= sizeof(anticoll_data
);
982 } else if (receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_SELECT
&& len
== 9) {
983 // Reader selects anticollision CSN.
984 // Tag sends the corresponding real CSN
985 if (chip_state
== ACTIVATED
|| chip_state
== SELECTED
) {
986 if (!memcmp(receivedCmd
+1, anticoll_data
, 8)) {
987 modulated_response
= resp_csn
;
988 modulated_response_size
= resp_csn_len
;
989 trace_data
= csn_data
;
990 trace_data_size
= sizeof(csn_data
);
991 chip_state
= SELECTED
;
995 } else if (chip_state
== HALTED
) {
997 if (!memcmp(receivedCmd
+1, csn_data
, 8)) {
998 modulated_response
= resp_csn
;
999 modulated_response_size
= resp_csn_len
;
1000 trace_data
= csn_data
;
1001 trace_data_size
= sizeof(csn_data
);
1002 chip_state
= SELECTED
;
1006 } else if (receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READ_OR_IDENTIFY
&& len
== 4) { // read block
1007 uint16_t blockNo
= receivedCmd
[1];
1008 if (chip_state
== SELECTED
) {
1009 if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_EXIT_AFTER_MAC
) {
1010 // provide defaults for blocks 0 ... 5
1012 case 0: // csn (block 00)
1013 modulated_response
= resp_csn
;
1014 modulated_response_size
= resp_csn_len
;
1015 trace_data
= csn_data
;
1016 trace_data_size
= sizeof(csn_data
);
1018 case 1: // configuration (block 01)
1019 modulated_response
= resp_conf
;
1020 modulated_response_size
= resp_conf_len
;
1021 trace_data
= conf_block
;
1022 trace_data_size
= sizeof(conf_block
);
1024 case 2: // e-purse (block 02)
1025 modulated_response
= resp_cc
;
1026 modulated_response_size
= resp_cc_len
;
1027 trace_data
= card_challenge_data
;
1028 trace_data_size
= sizeof(card_challenge_data
);
1029 // set epurse of sim2,4 attack
1030 if (reader_mac_buf
!= NULL
) {
1031 memcpy(reader_mac_buf
, card_challenge_data
, 8);
1035 case 4: // Kd, Kc, always respond with 0xff bytes
1036 modulated_response
= resp_ff
;
1037 modulated_response_size
= resp_ff_len
;
1038 trace_data
= ff_data
;
1039 trace_data_size
= sizeof(ff_data
);
1041 case 5: // Application Issuer Area (block 05)
1042 modulated_response
= resp_aia
;
1043 modulated_response_size
= resp_aia_len
;
1044 trace_data
= aia_data
;
1045 trace_data_size
= sizeof(aia_data
);
1047 // default: don't respond
1049 } else if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
) {
1050 if (blockNo
== 3 || blockNo
== 4) { // Kd, Kc, always respond with 0xff bytes
1051 modulated_response
= resp_ff
;
1052 modulated_response_size
= resp_ff_len
;
1053 trace_data
= ff_data
;
1054 trace_data_size
= sizeof(ff_data
);
1055 } else { // use data from emulator memory
1056 memcpy(data_generic_trace
, emulator
+ current_page
*page_size
+ 8*blockNo
, 8);
1057 AppendCrc(data_generic_trace
, 8);
1058 trace_data
= data_generic_trace
;
1059 trace_data_size
= 10;
1060 CodeIso15693AsTag(trace_data
, trace_data_size
);
1061 memcpy(data_response
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
1062 modulated_response
= data_response
;
1063 modulated_response_size
= ToSendMax
;
1068 } else if ((receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READCHECK_KD
1069 || receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READCHECK_KC
) && receivedCmd
[1] == 0x02 && len
== 2) {
1070 // Read e-purse (88 02 || 18 02)
1071 if (chip_state
== SELECTED
) {
1072 if(receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READCHECK_KD
){
1073 cipher_state
= &cipher_state_KD
[current_page
];
1074 diversified_key
= diversified_key_d
;
1076 cipher_state
= &cipher_state_KC
[current_page
];
1077 diversified_key
= diversified_key_c
;
1079 modulated_response
= resp_cc
;
1080 modulated_response_size
= resp_cc_len
;
1081 trace_data
= card_challenge_data
;
1082 trace_data_size
= sizeof(card_challenge_data
);
1085 } else if ((receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_CHECK_KC
1086 || receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_CHECK_KD
) && len
== 9) {
1087 // Reader random and reader MAC!!!
1088 if (chip_state
== SELECTED
) {
1089 if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
) {
1090 //NR, from reader, is in receivedCmd+1
1091 opt_doTagMAC_2(*cipher_state
, receivedCmd
+1, data_generic_trace
, diversified_key
);
1092 trace_data
= data_generic_trace
;
1093 trace_data_size
= 4;
1094 CodeIso15693AsTag(trace_data
, trace_data_size
);
1095 memcpy(data_response
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
1096 modulated_response
= data_response
;
1097 modulated_response_size
= ToSendMax
;
1099 } else { // Not fullsim, we don't respond
1100 // We do not know what to answer, so lets keep quiet
1101 if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_EXIT_AFTER_MAC
) {
1102 if (reader_mac_buf
!= NULL
) {
1103 // save NR and MAC for sim 2,4
1104 memcpy(reader_mac_buf
+ 8, receivedCmd
+ 1, 8);
1111 } else if (receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_HALT
&& len
== 1) {
1112 if (chip_state
== SELECTED
) {
1113 // Reader ends the session
1114 modulated_response
= resp_sof
;
1115 modulated_response_size
= resp_sof_Len
;
1116 chip_state
= HALTED
;
1119 } else if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
&& receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READ4
&& len
== 4) { // 0x06
1121 if (chip_state
== SELECTED
) {
1122 uint8_t blockNo
= receivedCmd
[1];
1123 memcpy(data_generic_trace
, emulator
+ current_page
*page_size
+ blockNo
*8, 8 * 4);
1124 AppendCrc(data_generic_trace
, 8 * 4);
1125 trace_data
= data_generic_trace
;
1126 trace_data_size
= 8 * 4 + 2;
1127 CodeIso15693AsTag(trace_data
, trace_data_size
);
1128 memcpy(data_response
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
1129 modulated_response
= data_response
;
1130 modulated_response_size
= ToSendMax
;
1133 } else if (receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_UPDATE
&& (len
== 12 || len
== 14)) {
1134 // We're expected to respond with the data+crc, exactly what's already in the receivedCmd
1135 // receivedCmd is now UPDATE 1b | ADDRESS 1b | DATA 8b | Signature 4b or CRC 2b
1136 if (chip_state
== SELECTED
) {
1137 uint8_t blockNo
= receivedCmd
[1];
1138 if (blockNo
== 2) { // update e-purse
1139 memcpy(card_challenge_data
, receivedCmd
+2, 8);
1140 CodeIso15693AsTag(card_challenge_data
, sizeof(card_challenge_data
));
1141 memcpy(resp_cc
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
1142 resp_cc_len
= ToSendMax
;
1143 cipher_state_KD
[current_page
] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data
, diversified_key_d
);
1144 cipher_state_KC
[current_page
] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data
, diversified_key_c
);
1145 if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
) {
1146 memcpy(emulator
+ current_page
*page_size
+ 8*2, card_challenge_data
, 8);
1148 } else if (blockNo
== 3) { // update Kd
1149 for (int i
= 0; i
< 8; i
++) {
1150 if (personalization_mode
) {
1151 diversified_key_d
[i
] = receivedCmd
[2 + i
];
1153 diversified_key_d
[i
] ^= receivedCmd
[2 + i
];
1156 cipher_state_KD
[current_page
] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data
, diversified_key_d
);
1157 if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
) {
1158 memcpy(emulator
+ current_page
*page_size
+ 8*3, diversified_key_d
, 8);
1160 } else if (blockNo
== 4) { // update Kc
1161 for (int i
= 0; i
< 8; i
++) {
1162 if (personalization_mode
) {
1163 diversified_key_c
[i
] = receivedCmd
[2 + i
];
1165 diversified_key_c
[i
] ^= receivedCmd
[2 + i
];
1168 cipher_state_KC
[current_page
] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data
, diversified_key_c
);
1169 if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
) {
1170 memcpy(emulator
+ current_page
*page_size
+ 8*4, diversified_key_c
, 8);
1172 } else if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
) { // update any other data block
1173 memcpy(emulator
+ current_page
*page_size
+ 8*blockNo
, receivedCmd
+2, 8);
1175 memcpy(data_generic_trace
, receivedCmd
+ 2, 8);
1176 AppendCrc(data_generic_trace
, 8);
1177 trace_data
= data_generic_trace
;
1178 trace_data_size
= 10;
1179 CodeIso15693AsTag(trace_data
, trace_data_size
);
1180 memcpy(data_response
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
1181 modulated_response
= data_response
;
1182 modulated_response_size
= ToSendMax
;
1185 } else if (receivedCmd
[0] == ICLASS_CMD_PAGESEL
&& len
== 4) {
1187 // Chips with a single page will not answer to this command
1188 // Otherwise, we should answer 8bytes (block) + 2bytes CRC
1189 if (chip_state
== SELECTED
) {
1190 if (simulationMode
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
&& max_page
> 0) {
1191 current_page
= receivedCmd
[1];
1192 memcpy(data_generic_trace
, emulator
+ current_page
*page_size
+ 8*1, 8);
1193 memcpy(diversified_key_d
, emulator
+ current_page
*page_size
+ 8*3, 8);
1194 memcpy(diversified_key_c
, emulator
+ current_page
*page_size
+ 8*4, 8);
1195 cipher_state
= &cipher_state_KD
[current_page
];
1196 personalization_mode
= data_generic_trace
[7] & 0x80;
1197 AppendCrc(data_generic_trace
, 8);
1198 trace_data
= data_generic_trace
;
1199 trace_data_size
= 10;
1200 CodeIso15693AsTag(trace_data
, trace_data_size
);
1201 memcpy(data_response
, ToSend
, ToSendMax
);
1202 modulated_response
= data_response
;
1203 modulated_response_size
= ToSendMax
;
1207 } else if (receivedCmd
[0] == 0x26 && len
== 5) {
1208 // standard ISO15693 INVENTORY command. Ignore.
1211 // don't know how to handle this command
1212 char debug_message
[250]; // should be enough
1213 sprintf(debug_message
, "Unhandled command (len = %d) received from reader:", len
);
1214 for (int i
= 0; i
< len
&& strlen(debug_message
) < sizeof(debug_message
) - 3 - 1; i
++) {
1215 sprintf(debug_message
+ strlen(debug_message
), " %02x", receivedCmd
[i
]);
1217 Dbprintf("%s", debug_message
);
1222 A legit tag has about 311,5us delay between reader EOT and tag SOF.
1224 if (modulated_response_size
> 0) {
1225 uint32_t response_time
= reader_eof_time
+ DELAY_ISO15693_VCD_TO_VICC_SIM
- DELAY_ARM_TO_READER_SIM
;
1226 TransmitTo15693Reader(modulated_response
, modulated_response_size
, response_time
, false);
1227 LogTrace(trace_data
, trace_data_size
, response_time
+ DELAY_ARM_TO_READER_SIM
, response_time
+ (modulated_response_size
<< 6) + DELAY_ARM_TO_READER_SIM
, NULL
, false);
1234 DbpString("Button pressed");
1236 return buttonPressed
;
1240 * @brief SimulateIClass simulates an iClass card.
1241 * @param arg0 type of simulation
1242 * - 0 uses the first 8 bytes in usb data as CSN
1243 * - 2 "dismantling iclass"-attack. This mode iterates through all CSN's specified
1244 * in the usb data. This mode collects MAC from the reader, in order to do an offline
1245 * attack on the keys. For more info, see "dismantling iclass" and proxclone.com.
1246 * - Other : Uses the default CSN (031fec8af7ff12e0)
1247 * @param arg1 - number of CSN's contained in datain (applicable for mode 2 only)
1251 void SimulateIClass(uint32_t arg0
, uint32_t arg1
, uint32_t arg2
, uint8_t *datain
) {
1255 uint32_t simType
= arg0
;
1256 uint32_t numberOfCSNS
= arg1
;
1258 // setup hardware for simulation:
1259 FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_HF
);
1260 SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD
);
1261 FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_SIMULATOR
| FPGA_HF_SIMULATOR_NO_MODULATION
);
1263 FpgaSetupSsc(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_SIMULATOR
);
1266 // Enable and clear the trace
1269 //Use the emulator memory for SIM
1270 uint8_t *emulator
= BigBuf_get_EM_addr();
1272 if (simType
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_CSN
) {
1273 // Use the CSN from commandline
1274 memcpy(emulator
, datain
, 8);
1275 doIClassSimulation(ICLASS_SIM_MODE_CSN
, NULL
);
1276 } else if (simType
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_CSN_DEFAULT
) {
1278 uint8_t csn_crc
[] = { 0x03, 0x1f, 0xec, 0x8a, 0xf7, 0xff, 0x12, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00 };
1279 // Use the CSN from commandline
1280 memcpy(emulator
, csn_crc
, 8);
1281 doIClassSimulation(ICLASS_SIM_MODE_CSN
, NULL
);
1282 } else if (simType
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_READER_ATTACK
) {
1283 uint8_t mac_responses
[USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE
] = { 0 };
1284 Dbprintf("Going into attack mode, %d CSNS sent", numberOfCSNS
);
1285 // In this mode, a number of csns are within datain. We'll simulate each one, one at a time
1286 // in order to collect MAC's from the reader. This can later be used in an offline-attack
1287 // in order to obtain the keys, as in the "dismantling iclass"-paper.
1289 for (i
= 0; i
< numberOfCSNS
&& i
*16+16 <= USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE
; i
++) {
1290 // The usb data is 512 bytes, fitting 32 responses (8 byte CC + 4 Byte NR + 4 Byte MAC = 16 Byte response).
1291 memcpy(emulator
, datain
+(i
*8), 8);
1292 if (doIClassSimulation(ICLASS_SIM_MODE_EXIT_AFTER_MAC
, mac_responses
+i
*16)) {
1296 Dbprintf("CSN: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
1297 datain
[i
*8+0], datain
[i
*8+1], datain
[i
*8+2], datain
[i
*8+3],
1298 datain
[i
*8+4], datain
[i
*8+5], datain
[i
*8+6], datain
[i
*8+7]);
1299 Dbprintf("NR,MAC: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
1300 mac_responses
[i
*16+ 8], mac_responses
[i
*16+ 9], mac_responses
[i
*16+10], mac_responses
[i
*16+11],
1301 mac_responses
[i
*16+12], mac_responses
[i
*16+13], mac_responses
[i
*16+14], mac_responses
[i
*16+15]);
1302 SpinDelay(100); // give the reader some time to prepare for next CSN
1304 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
, CMD_SIMULATE_TAG_ICLASS
, i
, 0, mac_responses
, i
*16);
1305 } else if (simType
== ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
) {
1306 //This is 'full sim' mode, where we use the emulator storage for data.
1307 doIClassSimulation(ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL
, NULL
);
1309 // We may want a mode here where we hardcode the csns to use (from proxclone).
1310 // That will speed things up a little, but not required just yet.
1311 Dbprintf("The mode is not implemented, reserved for future use");
1314 Dbprintf("Done...");
1322 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1323 // Transmit the command (to the tag) that was placed in ToSend[].
1324 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1325 static void TransmitIClassCommand(const uint8_t *cmd
, int len
, int *samples
, int *wait
) {
1327 FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A
| FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD
);
1328 AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_THR
= 0x00;
1329 FpgaSetupSsc(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A
);
1332 if (*wait
< 10) *wait
= 10;
1334 for (c
= 0; c
< *wait
;) {
1335 if (AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_SR
& (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY
)) {
1336 AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_THR
= 0x00; // For exact timing!
1339 if (AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_SR
& (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY
)) {
1340 volatile uint32_t r
= AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_RHR
;
1348 bool firstpart
= true;
1351 if (AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_SR
& (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY
)) {
1353 // DOUBLE THE SAMPLES!
1355 sendbyte
= (cmd
[c
] & 0xf0) | (cmd
[c
] >> 4);
1357 sendbyte
= (cmd
[c
] & 0x0f) | (cmd
[c
] << 4);
1360 if (sendbyte
== 0xff) {
1363 AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_THR
= sendbyte
;
1364 firstpart
= !firstpart
;
1370 if (AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_SR
& (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY
)) {
1371 volatile uint32_t r
= AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_RHR
;
1376 if (samples
&& wait
) *samples
= (c
+ *wait
) << 3;
1380 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1381 // Prepare iClass reader command to send to FPGA
1382 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1383 void CodeIClassCommand(const uint8_t *cmd
, int len
) {
1388 // Start of Communication: 1 out of 4
1389 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0xf0;
1390 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0x00;
1391 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0x0f;
1392 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0x00;
1394 // Modulate the bytes
1395 for (i
= 0; i
< len
; i
++) {
1397 for (j
= 0; j
< 4; j
++) {
1398 for (k
= 0; k
< 4; k
++) {
1400 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0xf0;
1402 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0x00;
1409 // End of Communication
1410 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0x00;
1411 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0x00;
1412 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0xf0;
1413 ToSend
[++ToSendMax
] = 0x00;
1415 // Convert from last character reference to length
1419 static void ReaderTransmitIClass(uint8_t *frame
, int len
) {
1423 // This is tied to other size changes
1424 CodeIClassCommand(frame
, len
);
1427 TransmitIClassCommand(ToSend
, ToSendMax
, &samples
, &wait
);
1431 // Store reader command in buffer
1432 uint8_t par
[MAX_PARITY_SIZE
];
1433 GetParity(frame
, len
, par
);
1434 LogTrace(frame
, len
, rsamples
, rsamples
, par
, true);
1437 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1438 // Wait a certain time for tag response
1439 // If a response is captured return true
1440 // If it takes too long return false
1441 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1442 static int GetIClassAnswer(uint8_t *receivedResponse
, int maxLen
, int *samples
, int *elapsed
) {
1444 // buffer needs to be 512 bytes
1447 // Set FPGA mode to "reader listen mode", no modulation (listen
1448 // only, since we are receiving, not transmitting).
1449 FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A
| FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_LISTEN
);
1451 // Now get the answer from the card
1452 Demod
.output
= receivedResponse
;
1454 Demod
.state
= DEMOD_UNSYNCD
;
1457 if (elapsed
) *elapsed
= 0;
1465 if (BUTTON_PRESS()) return false;
1467 if (AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_SR
& (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY
)) {
1468 AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_THR
= 0x00; // To make use of exact timing of next command from reader!!
1469 if (elapsed
) (*elapsed
)++;
1471 if (AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_SR
& (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY
)) {
1477 b
= (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC
->SSC_RHR
;
1481 if (ManchesterDecoding(b
& 0x0f)) {
1489 static int ReaderReceiveIClass(uint8_t *receivedAnswer
) {
1491 if (!GetIClassAnswer(receivedAnswer
, 160, &samples
, 0)) {
1494 rsamples
+= samples
;
1495 uint8_t parity
[MAX_PARITY_SIZE
];
1496 GetParity(receivedAnswer
, Demod
.len
, parity
);
1497 LogTrace(receivedAnswer
, Demod
.len
, rsamples
, rsamples
, parity
, false);
1498 if (samples
== 0) return false;
1502 static void setupIclassReader() {
1503 FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_HF
);
1504 // Reset trace buffer
1509 FpgaSetupSsc(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A
);
1510 // Start from off (no field generated)
1511 // Signal field is off with the appropriate LED
1513 FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF
);
1516 SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD
);
1518 // Now give it time to spin up.
1519 // Signal field is on with the appropriate LED
1520 FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A
| FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD
);
1526 static bool sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(uint8_t* command
, size_t cmdsize
, uint8_t* resp
, uint8_t expected_size
, uint8_t retries
) {
1527 while (retries
-- > 0) {
1528 ReaderTransmitIClass(command
, cmdsize
);
1529 if (expected_size
== ReaderReceiveIClass(resp
)) {
1533 return false;//Error
1537 * @brief Talks to an iclass tag, sends the commands to get CSN and CC.
1538 * @param card_data where the CSN and CC are stored for return
1541 * 2 = Got CSN and CC
1543 static uint8_t handshakeIclassTag_ext(uint8_t *card_data
, bool use_credit_key
) {
1544 static uint8_t act_all
[] = { 0x0a };
1545 //static uint8_t identify[] = { 0x0c };
1546 static uint8_t identify
[] = { 0x0c, 0x00, 0x73, 0x33 };
1547 static uint8_t select
[] = { 0x81, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
1548 static uint8_t readcheck_cc
[]= { 0x88, 0x02 };
1550 readcheck_cc
[0] = 0x18;
1552 readcheck_cc
[0] = 0x88;
1554 uint8_t resp
[ICLASS_BUFFER_SIZE
];
1556 uint8_t read_status
= 0;
1559 ReaderTransmitIClass(act_all
, 1);
1561 if (!ReaderReceiveIClass(resp
)) return read_status
;//Fail
1563 ReaderTransmitIClass(identify
, 1);
1564 //We expect a 10-byte response here, 8 byte anticollision-CSN and 2 byte CRC
1565 uint8_t len
= ReaderReceiveIClass(resp
);
1566 if (len
!= 10) return read_status
;//Fail
1568 //Copy the Anti-collision CSN to our select-packet
1569 memcpy(&select
[1], resp
, 8);
1571 ReaderTransmitIClass(select
, sizeof(select
));
1572 //We expect a 10-byte response here, 8 byte CSN and 2 byte CRC
1573 len
= ReaderReceiveIClass(resp
);
1574 if (len
!= 10) return read_status
;//Fail
1576 //Success - level 1, we got CSN
1577 //Save CSN in response data
1578 memcpy(card_data
, resp
, 8);
1580 //Flag that we got to at least stage 1, read CSN
1583 // Card selected, now read e-purse (cc) (only 8 bytes no CRC)
1584 ReaderTransmitIClass(readcheck_cc
, sizeof(readcheck_cc
));
1585 if (ReaderReceiveIClass(resp
) == 8) {
1586 //Save CC (e-purse) in response data
1587 memcpy(card_data
+8, resp
, 8);
1594 static uint8_t handshakeIclassTag(uint8_t *card_data
) {
1595 return handshakeIclassTag_ext(card_data
, false);
1599 // Reader iClass Anticollission
1600 void ReaderIClass(uint8_t arg0
) {
1602 uint8_t card_data
[6 * 8] = {0};
1603 memset(card_data
, 0xFF, sizeof(card_data
));
1604 uint8_t last_csn
[8] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
1605 uint8_t resp
[ICLASS_BUFFER_SIZE
];
1606 memset(resp
, 0xFF, sizeof(resp
));
1607 //Read conf block CRC(0x01) => 0xfa 0x22
1608 uint8_t readConf
[] = { ICLASS_CMD_READ_OR_IDENTIFY
, 0x01, 0xfa, 0x22};
1609 //Read App Issuer Area block CRC(0x05) => 0xde 0x64
1610 uint8_t readAA
[] = { ICLASS_CMD_READ_OR_IDENTIFY
, 0x05, 0xde, 0x64};
1613 uint8_t result_status
= 0;
1614 // flag to read until one tag is found successfully
1615 bool abort_after_read
= arg0
& FLAG_ICLASS_READER_ONLY_ONCE
;
1616 // flag to only try 5 times to find one tag then return
1617 bool try_once
= arg0
& FLAG_ICLASS_READER_ONE_TRY
;
1618 // if neither abort_after_read nor try_once then continue reading until button pressed.
1620 bool use_credit_key
= arg0
& FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CEDITKEY
;
1621 // test flags for what blocks to be sure to read
1622 uint8_t flagReadConfig
= arg0
& FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CONF
;
1623 uint8_t flagReadCC
= arg0
& FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CC
;
1624 uint8_t flagReadAA
= arg0
& FLAG_ICLASS_READER_AA
;
1627 setupIclassReader();
1629 uint16_t tryCnt
= 0;
1630 bool userCancelled
= BUTTON_PRESS() || usb_poll_validate_length();
1631 while (!userCancelled
) {
1632 // if only looking for one card try 2 times if we missed it the first time
1633 if (try_once
&& tryCnt
> 2) {
1637 if (!get_tracing()) {
1638 DbpString("Trace full");
1643 read_status
= handshakeIclassTag_ext(card_data
, use_credit_key
);
1645 if (read_status
== 0) continue;
1646 if (read_status
== 1) result_status
= FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CSN
;
1647 if (read_status
== 2) result_status
= FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CSN
| FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CC
;
1649 // handshakeIclass returns CSN|CC, but the actual block
1650 // layout is CSN|CONFIG|CC, so here we reorder the data,
1651 // moving CC forward 8 bytes
1652 memcpy(card_data
+16, card_data
+8, 8);
1653 //Read block 1, config
1654 if (flagReadConfig
) {
1655 if (sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readConf
, sizeof(readConf
), resp
, 10, 10)) {
1656 result_status
|= FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CONF
;
1657 memcpy(card_data
+8, resp
, 8);
1659 Dbprintf("Failed to dump config block");
1665 if (sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readAA
, sizeof(readAA
), resp
, 10, 10)) {
1666 result_status
|= FLAG_ICLASS_READER_AA
;
1667 memcpy(card_data
+ (8*5), resp
, 8);
1669 //Dbprintf("Failed to dump AA block");
1674 // 1 : Configuration
1676 // 3 : kd / debit / aa2 (write-only)
1677 // 4 : kc / credit / aa1 (write-only)
1678 // 5 : AIA, Application issuer area
1679 //Then we can 'ship' back the 6 * 8 bytes of data,
1680 // with 0xFF:s in block 3 and 4.
1683 //Send back to client, but don't bother if we already sent this -
1684 // only useful if looping in arm (not try_once && not abort_after_read)
1685 if (memcmp(last_csn
, card_data
, 8) != 0) {
1686 // If caller requires that we get Conf, CC, AA, continue until we got it
1687 if ( (result_status
^ FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CSN
^ flagReadConfig
^ flagReadCC
^ flagReadAA
) == 0) {
1688 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
, result_status
, 0, 0, card_data
, sizeof(card_data
));
1689 if (abort_after_read
) {
1694 //Save that we already sent this....
1695 memcpy(last_csn
, card_data
, 8);
1700 userCancelled
= BUTTON_PRESS() || usb_poll_validate_length();
1702 if (userCancelled
) {
1703 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
, 0xFF, 0, 0, card_data
, 0);
1705 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
, 0, 0, 0, card_data
, 0);
1710 void ReaderIClass_Replay(uint8_t arg0
, uint8_t *MAC
) {
1712 uint8_t card_data
[USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE
]={0};
1713 uint16_t block_crc_LUT
[255] = {0};
1715 //Generate a lookup table for block crc
1716 for (int block
= 0; block
< 255; block
++){
1718 block_crc_LUT
[block
] = iclass_crc16(&bl
,1);
1720 //Dbprintf("Lookup table: %02x %02x %02x" ,block_crc_LUT[0],block_crc_LUT[1],block_crc_LUT[2]);
1722 uint8_t check
[] = { 0x05, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
1723 uint8_t read
[] = { 0x0c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
1726 uint8_t cardsize
= 0;
1729 static struct memory_t
{
1737 uint8_t resp
[ICLASS_BUFFER_SIZE
];
1739 setupIclassReader();
1742 while (!BUTTON_PRESS()) {
1746 if (!get_tracing()) {
1747 DbpString("Trace full");
1751 uint8_t read_status
= handshakeIclassTag(card_data
);
1752 if (read_status
< 2) continue;
1754 //for now replay captured auth (as cc not updated)
1755 memcpy(check
+5, MAC
, 4);
1757 if (!sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(check
, sizeof(check
), resp
, 4, 5)) {
1758 Dbprintf("Error: Authentication Fail!");
1762 //first get configuration block (block 1)
1763 crc
= block_crc_LUT
[1];
1766 read
[3] = crc
& 0xff;
1768 if (!sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(read
, sizeof(read
),resp
, 10, 10)) {
1769 Dbprintf("Dump config (block 1) failed");
1774 memory
.k16
= (mem
& 0x80);
1775 memory
.book
= (mem
& 0x20);
1776 memory
.k2
= (mem
& 0x8);
1777 memory
.lockauth
= (mem
& 0x2);
1778 memory
.keyaccess
= (mem
& 0x1);
1780 cardsize
= memory
.k16
? 255 : 32;
1782 //Set card_data to all zeroes, we'll fill it with data
1783 memset(card_data
, 0x0, USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE
);
1784 uint8_t failedRead
= 0;
1785 uint32_t stored_data_length
= 0;
1786 //then loop around remaining blocks
1787 for (int block
= 0; block
< cardsize
; block
++) {
1789 crc
= block_crc_LUT
[block
];
1791 read
[3] = crc
& 0xff;
1793 if (sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(read
, sizeof(read
), resp
, 10, 10)) {
1794 Dbprintf(" %02x: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
1795 block
, resp
[0], resp
[1], resp
[2],
1796 resp
[3], resp
[4], resp
[5],
1799 //Fill up the buffer
1800 memcpy(card_data
+stored_data_length
, resp
, 8);
1801 stored_data_length
+= 8;
1802 if (stored_data_length
+8 > USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE
) {
1803 //Time to send this off and start afresh
1805 stored_data_length
,//data length
1806 failedRead
,//Failed blocks?
1808 card_data
, stored_data_length
);
1810 stored_data_length
= 0;
1816 stored_data_length
+= 8;//Otherwise, data becomes misaligned
1817 Dbprintf("Failed to dump block %d", block
);
1821 //Send off any remaining data
1822 if (stored_data_length
> 0) {
1824 stored_data_length
,//data length
1825 failedRead
,//Failed blocks?
1828 stored_data_length
);
1830 //If we got here, let's break
1833 //Signal end of transmission
1844 void iClass_ReadCheck(uint8_t blockNo
, uint8_t keyType
) {
1845 uint8_t readcheck
[] = { keyType
, blockNo
};
1846 uint8_t resp
[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
1848 isOK
= sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readcheck
, sizeof(readcheck
), resp
, sizeof(resp
), 6);
1849 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
,isOK
, 0, 0, 0, 0);
1852 void iClass_Authentication(uint8_t *MAC
) {
1853 uint8_t check
[] = { ICLASS_CMD_CHECK_KD
, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
1854 uint8_t resp
[ICLASS_BUFFER_SIZE
];
1855 memcpy(check
+5, MAC
, 4);
1857 isOK
= sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(check
, sizeof(check
), resp
, 4, 6);
1858 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
,isOK
, 0, 0, 0, 0);
1861 bool iClass_ReadBlock(uint8_t blockNo
, uint8_t *readdata
) {
1862 uint8_t readcmd
[] = {ICLASS_CMD_READ_OR_IDENTIFY
, blockNo
, 0x00, 0x00}; //0x88, 0x00 // can i use 0C?
1864 uint16_t rdCrc
= iclass_crc16(&bl
, 1);
1865 readcmd
[2] = rdCrc
>> 8;
1866 readcmd
[3] = rdCrc
& 0xff;
1867 uint8_t resp
[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
1870 //readcmd[1] = blockNo;
1871 isOK
= sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readcmd
, sizeof(readcmd
), resp
, 10, 10);
1872 memcpy(readdata
, resp
, sizeof(resp
));
1877 void iClass_ReadBlk(uint8_t blockno
) {
1878 uint8_t readblockdata
[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
1880 isOK
= iClass_ReadBlock(blockno
, readblockdata
);
1881 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
, isOK
, 0, 0, readblockdata
, 8);
1884 void iClass_Dump(uint8_t blockno
, uint8_t numblks
) {
1885 uint8_t readblockdata
[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
1890 uint8_t *dataout
= BigBuf_malloc(255*8);
1891 if (dataout
== NULL
) {
1892 Dbprintf("out of memory");
1893 FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF
);
1895 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0);
1899 memset(dataout
, 0xFF, 255*8);
1901 for ( ; blkCnt
< numblks
; blkCnt
++) {
1902 isOK
= iClass_ReadBlock(blockno
+blkCnt
, readblockdata
);
1903 if (!isOK
|| (readblockdata
[0] == 0xBB || readblockdata
[7] == 0xBB || readblockdata
[2] == 0xBB)) { //try again
1904 isOK
= iClass_ReadBlock(blockno
+blkCnt
, readblockdata
);
1906 Dbprintf("Block %02X failed to read", blkCnt
+blockno
);
1910 memcpy(dataout
+ (blkCnt
*8), readblockdata
, 8);
1912 //return pointer to dump memory in arg3
1913 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
, isOK
, blkCnt
, BigBuf_max_traceLen(), 0, 0);
1914 FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF
);
1919 static bool iClass_WriteBlock_ext(uint8_t blockNo
, uint8_t *data
) {
1920 uint8_t write
[] = { ICLASS_CMD_UPDATE
, blockNo
, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
1921 //uint8_t readblockdata[10];
1922 //write[1] = blockNo;
1923 memcpy(write
+2, data
, 12); // data + mac
1924 char *wrCmd
= (char *)(write
+1);
1925 uint16_t wrCrc
= iclass_crc16(wrCmd
, 13);
1926 write
[14] = wrCrc
>> 8;
1927 write
[15] = wrCrc
& 0xff;
1928 uint8_t resp
[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
1931 isOK
= sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(write
, sizeof(write
), resp
, sizeof(resp
), 10);
1932 if (isOK
) { //if reader responded correctly
1933 //Dbprintf("WriteResp: %02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X",resp[0],resp[1],resp[2],resp[3],resp[4],resp[5],resp[6],resp[7],resp[8],resp[9]);
1934 if (memcmp(write
+2, resp
, 8)) { //if response is not equal to write values
1935 if (blockNo
!= 3 && blockNo
!= 4) { //if not programming key areas (note key blocks don't get programmed with actual key data it is xor data)
1937 isOK
= sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(write
, sizeof(write
), resp
, sizeof(resp
), 10);
1944 void iClass_WriteBlock(uint8_t blockNo
, uint8_t *data
) {
1945 bool isOK
= iClass_WriteBlock_ext(blockNo
, data
);
1947 Dbprintf("Write block [%02x] successful", blockNo
);
1949 Dbprintf("Write block [%02x] failed", blockNo
);
1951 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
, isOK
, 0, 0, 0, 0);
1954 void iClass_Clone(uint8_t startblock
, uint8_t endblock
, uint8_t *data
) {
1957 int total_block
= (endblock
- startblock
) + 1;
1958 for (i
= 0; i
< total_block
; i
++) {
1960 if (iClass_WriteBlock_ext(i
+startblock
, data
+ (i
*12))){
1961 Dbprintf("Write block [%02x] successful", i
+ startblock
);
1964 if (iClass_WriteBlock_ext(i
+startblock
, data
+ (i
*12))){
1965 Dbprintf("Write block [%02x] successful", i
+ startblock
);
1968 Dbprintf("Write block [%02x] failed", i
+ startblock
);
1972 if (written
== total_block
)
1973 Dbprintf("Clone complete");
1975 Dbprintf("Clone incomplete");
1977 cmd_send(CMD_ACK
, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0);
1978 FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF
);