Add raw HF signal plotting (#786)

[proxmark3-svn] / armsrc / lfops.c

diff --git a/armsrc/lfops.c b/armsrc/lfops.c
index bb298f79a39fdb71f4dbc365b7f7ed120c734efc..81fdd7a66c5cb8c1169af608624f0d45ab23d66d 100644 (file)
--- a/armsrc/lfops.c
+++ b/armsrc/lfops.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 // the license.
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Miscellaneous routines for low frequency tag operations.
 // the license.
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Miscellaneous routines for low frequency tag operations.

-// Tags supported here so far are Texas Instruments (TI), HID
+// Tags supported here so far are Texas Instruments (TI), HID, EM4x05, EM410x

 // Also routines for raw mode reading/simulating of LF waveform
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // Also routines for raw mode reading/simulating of LF waveform
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 


@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "lfsampling.h"
 #include "protocols.h"
 #include "usb_cdc.h" // for usb_poll_validate_length
 #include "lfsampling.h"
 #include "protocols.h"
 #include "usb_cdc.h" // for usb_poll_validate_length

+#include "fpgaloader.h"

 
 /**
  * Function to do a modulation and then get samples.
 
 /**
  * Function to do a modulation and then get samples.


@@ -28,51 +29,103 @@
  */
 void ModThenAcquireRawAdcSamples125k(uint32_t delay_off, uint32_t period_0, uint32_t period_1, uint8_t *command)
 {
  */
 void ModThenAcquireRawAdcSamples125k(uint32_t delay_off, uint32_t period_0, uint32_t period_1, uint8_t *command)
 {

+       // start timer
+       StartTicks();

 
 

-       int divisor_used = 95; // 125 KHz
-       // see if 'h' was specified
+       // use lf config settings
+       sample_config *sc = getSamplingConfig();

 
 

-       if (command[strlen((char *) command) - 1] == 'h')
-               divisor_used = 88; // 134.8 KHz
-
-       sample_config sc = { 0,0,1, divisor_used, 0};
-       setSamplingConfig(&sc);
-       //clear read buffer
-       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(void);
-
-       /* Make sure the tag is reset */
+       // Make sure the tag is reset

        FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       SpinDelay(2500);
+       WaitMS(2500);

 
 

-       LFSetupFPGAForADC(sc.divisor, 1);
+       // clear read buffer (after fpga bitstream loaded...)
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();

 
 

-       // And a little more time for the tag to fully power up
-       SpinDelay(2000);
+       // power on
+       LFSetupFPGAForADC(sc->divisor, 1);

 
 

+       // And a little more time for the tag to fully power up
+       WaitMS(2000);
+       // if delay_off = 0 then just bitbang 1 = antenna on 0 = off for respective periods.
+       bool bitbang = delay_off == 0;

        // now modulate the reader field
        // now modulate the reader field

-       while(*command != '\0' && *command != ' ') {
+
+       if (bitbang) {
+               // HACK it appears the loop and if statements take up about 7us so adjust waits accordingly...
+               uint8_t hack_cnt = 7;
+               if (period_0 < hack_cnt || period_1 < hack_cnt) {
+                       DbpString("Warning periods cannot be less than 7us in bit bang mode");
+                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                       LED_D_OFF();
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               // hack2 needed---  it appears to take about 8-16us to turn the antenna back on 
+               // leading to ~ 1 to 2 125khz samples extra in every off period 
+               // so we should test for last 0 before next 1 and reduce period_0 by this extra amount...
+               // but is this time different for every antenna or other hw builds???  more testing needed
+
+               // prime cmd_len to save time comparing strings while modulating
+               int cmd_len = 0;
+               while(command[cmd_len] != '\0' && command[cmd_len] != ' ')
+                       cmd_len++;
+
+               int counter = 0;
+               bool off = false;
+               for (counter = 0; counter < cmd_len; counter++) {
+                       // if cmd = 0 then turn field off
+                       if (command[counter] == '0') {
+                               // if field already off leave alone (affects timing otherwise)
+                               if (off == false) {
+                                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                                       LED_D_OFF();
+                                       off = true;
+                               }
+                               // note we appear to take about 7us to switch over (or run the if statements/loop...)
+                               WaitUS(period_0-hack_cnt);
+                       // else if cmd = 1 then turn field on
+                       } else {
+                               // if field already on leave alone (affects timing otherwise)
+                               if (off) {
+                                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
+                                       LED_D_ON();
+                                       off = false;
+                               }
+                               // note we appear to take about 7us to switch over (or run the if statements/loop...)
+                               WaitUS(period_1-hack_cnt);
+                       }
+               }
+       } else { // old mode of cmd read using delay as off period
+               while(*command != '\0' && *command != ' ') {
+                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                       LED_D_OFF();
+                       WaitUS(delay_off);
+                       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, sc->divisor);
+                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
+                       LED_D_ON();
+                       if(*(command++) == '0') {
+                               WaitUS(period_0);
+                       } else {
+                               WaitUS(period_1);
+                       }
+               }

                FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
                LED_D_OFF();
                FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
                LED_D_OFF();

-               SpinDelayUs(delay_off);
-               FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, sc.divisor);
-
-               FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
-               LED_D_ON();
-               if(*(command++) == '0')
-                       SpinDelayUs(period_0);
-               else
-                       SpinDelayUs(period_1);
+               WaitUS(delay_off);
+               FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, sc->divisor);

        }
        }

-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
-       LED_D_OFF();
-       SpinDelayUs(delay_off);
-       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, sc.divisor);

 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
 
        // now do the read
 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
 
        // now do the read

-       DoAcquisition_config(false);
+       DoAcquisition_config(false, 0);
+
+       // Turn off antenna
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+       // tell client we are done
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);

 }
 
 /* blank r/w tag data stream
 }
 
 /* blank r/w tag data stream


@@ -379,7 +432,7 @@ void WriteTItag(uint32_t idhi, uint32_t idlo, uint16_t crc)
        AcquireTiType();
 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        AcquireTiType();
 
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       DbpString("Now use tiread to check");
+       DbpString("Now use `lf ti read` to check");

 }
 
 void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)
 }
 
 void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)


@@ -387,7 +440,8 @@ void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)
        int i;
        uint8_t *tab = BigBuf_get_addr();
 
        int i;
        uint8_t *tab = BigBuf_get_addr();
 

-       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+       //note FpgaDownloadAndGo destroys the bigbuf so be sure this is called before now...
+       //FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);  

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_EDGE_DETECT);
 
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT | GPIO_SSC_CLK;
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_EDGE_DETECT);
 
        AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PER = GPIO_SSC_DOUT | GPIO_SSC_CLK;


@@ -401,12 +455,19 @@ void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)
        i = 0;
        for(;;) {
                //wait until SSC_CLK goes HIGH
        i = 0;
        for(;;) {
                //wait until SSC_CLK goes HIGH

+               int ii = 0;

                while(!(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_CLK)) {
                while(!(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_CLK)) {

-                       if(BUTTON_PRESS() || (usb_poll_validate_length() )) {
-                               DbpString("Stopped");
-                               return;
+                       //only check every 1000th time (usb_poll_validate_length on some systems was too slow)
+                       if ( ii == 1000 ) {
+                               if (BUTTON_PRESS() || usb_poll_validate_length() ) {
+                                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                                       DbpString("Stopped");
+                                       return;
+                               }
+                               ii=0;

                        }
                        WDT_HIT();
                        }
                        WDT_HIT();

+                       ii++;

                }
                if (ledcontrol)
                        LED_D_ON();
                }
                if (ledcontrol)
                        LED_D_ON();


@@ -418,13 +479,20 @@ void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)
 
                if (ledcontrol)
                        LED_D_OFF();
 
                if (ledcontrol)
                        LED_D_OFF();

+               ii=0;

                //wait until SSC_CLK goes LOW
                while(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_CLK) {
                //wait until SSC_CLK goes LOW
                while(AT91C_BASE_PIOA->PIO_PDSR & GPIO_SSC_CLK) {

-                       if(BUTTON_PRESS()) {
-                               DbpString("Stopped");
-                               return;
+                       //only check every 1000th time (usb_poll_validate_length on some systems was too slow)
+                       if ( ii == 1000 ) { 
+                               if (BUTTON_PRESS() || usb_poll_validate_length() ) {
+                                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+                                       DbpString("Stopped");
+                                       return;
+                               }
+                               ii=0;

                        }
                        WDT_HIT();
                        }
                        WDT_HIT();

+                       ii++;

                }
 
                i++;
                }
 
                i++;


@@ -436,6 +504,7 @@ void SimulateTagLowFrequency(int period, int gap, int ledcontrol)
                                SpinDelayUs(gap);
                        }
                }
                                SpinDelayUs(gap);
                        }
                }

+

        }
 }
 
        }
 }
 


@@ -500,7 +569,7 @@ static void fcAll(uint8_t fc, int *n, uint8_t clock, uint16_t *modCnt)
        uint8_t wavesPerClock = clock/fc;
        uint8_t mod = clock % fc;    //modifier
        uint8_t modAdj = fc/mod;     //how often to apply modifier
        uint8_t wavesPerClock = clock/fc;
        uint8_t mod = clock % fc;    //modifier
        uint8_t modAdj = fc/mod;     //how often to apply modifier

-       bool modAdjOk = !(fc % mod); //if (fc % mod==0) modAdjOk=TRUE;
+       bool modAdjOk = !(fc % mod); //if (fc % mod==0) modAdjOk=true;

        // loop through clock - step field clock
        for (uint8_t idx=0; idx < wavesPerClock; idx++){
                // put 1/2 FC length 1's and 1/2 0's per field clock wave (to create the wave)
        // loop through clock - step field clock
        for (uint8_t idx=0; idx < wavesPerClock; idx++){
                // put 1/2 FC length 1's and 1/2 0's per field clock wave (to create the wave)


@@ -525,7 +594,7 @@ static void fcAll(uint8_t fc, int *n, uint8_t clock, uint16_t *modCnt)
 
 // prepare a waveform pattern in the buffer based on the ID given then
 // simulate a HID tag until the button is pressed
 
 // prepare a waveform pattern in the buffer based on the ID given then
 // simulate a HID tag until the button is pressed

-void CmdHIDsimTAG(int hi, int lo, int ledcontrol)
+void CmdHIDsimTAG(int hi2, int hi, int lo, int ledcontrol)

 {
        int n=0, i=0;
        /*
 {
        int n=0, i=0;
        /*


@@ -538,10 +607,13 @@ void CmdHIDsimTAG(int hi, int lo, int ledcontrol)
         nor 1 bits, they are special patterns (a = set of 12 fc8 and b = set of 10 fc10)
        */
 
         nor 1 bits, they are special patterns (a = set of 12 fc8 and b = set of 10 fc10)
        */
 

-       if (hi>0xFFF) {
-               DbpString("Tags can only have 44 bits. - USE lf simfsk for larger tags");
+       if (hi2>0x0FFFFFFF) {
+               DbpString("Tags can only have 44 or 84 bits. - USE lf simfsk for larger tags");

                return;
        }
                return;
        }

+       // set LF so we don't kill the bigbuf we are setting with simulation data.
+       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+

        fc(0,&n);
        // special start of frame marker containing invalid bit sequences
        fc(8,  &n);     fc(8,  &n); // invalid
        fc(0,&n);
        // special start of frame marker containing invalid bit sequences
        fc(8,  &n);     fc(8,  &n); // invalid


@@ -550,13 +622,35 @@ void CmdHIDsimTAG(int hi, int lo, int ledcontrol)
        fc(8,  &n);     fc(10, &n); // logical 0
 
        WDT_HIT();
        fc(8,  &n);     fc(10, &n); // logical 0
 
        WDT_HIT();

-       // manchester encode bits 43 to 32
-       for (i=11; i>=0; i--) {
-               if ((i%4)==3) fc(0,&n);
-               if ((hi>>i)&1) {
-                       fc(10, &n); fc(8,  &n);         // low-high transition
-               } else {
-                       fc(8,  &n); fc(10, &n);         // high-low transition
+       if (hi2 > 0 || hi > 0xFFF){
+               // manchester encode bits 91 to 64 (91-84 are part of the header)
+               for (i=27; i>=0; i--) {
+                       if ((i%4)==3) fc(0,&n);
+                       if ((hi2>>i)&1) {
+                               fc(10, &n); fc(8,  &n);         // low-high transition
+                       } else {
+                               fc(8,  &n); fc(10, &n);         // high-low transition
+                       }
+               }
+               WDT_HIT();
+               // manchester encode bits 63 to 32
+               for (i=31; i>=0; i--) {
+                       if ((i%4)==3) fc(0,&n);
+                       if ((hi>>i)&1) {
+                               fc(10, &n); fc(8,  &n);         // low-high transition
+                       } else {
+                               fc(8,  &n); fc(10, &n);         // high-low transition
+                       }
+               }
+       } else {
+               // manchester encode bits 43 to 32
+               for (i=11; i>=0; i--) {
+                       if ((i%4)==3) fc(0,&n);
+                       if ((hi>>i)&1) {
+                               fc(10, &n); fc(8,  &n);         // low-high transition
+                       } else {
+                               fc(8,  &n); fc(10, &n);         // high-low transition
+                       }

                }
        }
 
                }
        }
 


@@ -592,6 +686,9 @@ void CmdFSKsimTAG(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
        uint8_t clk = arg2 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t invert = (arg2 >> 8) & 1;
 
        uint8_t clk = arg2 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t invert = (arg2 >> 8) & 1;
 

+       // set LF so we don't kill the bigbuf we are setting with simulation data.
+       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+

        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                if (BitStream[i] == invert){
                        fcAll(fcLow, &n, clk, &modCnt);
        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                if (BitStream[i] == invert){
                        fcAll(fcLow, &n, clk, &modCnt);


@@ -642,6 +739,19 @@ static void biphaseSimBit(uint8_t c, int *n, uint8_t clock, uint8_t *phase)
                memset(dest+(*n), c ^ *phase, clock);
                *phase ^= 1;
        }
                memset(dest+(*n), c ^ *phase, clock);
                *phase ^= 1;
        }

+       *n += clock;
+}
+
+static void stAskSimBit(int *n, uint8_t clock) {
+       uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
+       uint8_t halfClk = clock/2;
+       //ST = .5 high .5 low 1.5 high .5 low 1 high    
+       memset(dest+(*n), 1, halfClk);
+       memset(dest+(*n) + halfClk, 0, halfClk);
+       memset(dest+(*n) + clock, 1, clock + halfClk);
+       memset(dest+(*n) + clock*2 + halfClk, 0, halfClk);
+       memset(dest+(*n) + clock*3, 1, clock);
+       *n += clock*4;

 }
 
 // args clock, ask/man or askraw, invert, transmission separator
 }
 
 // args clock, ask/man or askraw, invert, transmission separator


@@ -654,12 +764,15 @@ void CmdASKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
        uint8_t separator = arg2 & 1;
        uint8_t invert = (arg2 >> 8) & 1;
 
        uint8_t separator = arg2 & 1;
        uint8_t invert = (arg2 >> 8) & 1;
 

+       // set LF so we don't kill the bigbuf we are setting with simulation data.
+       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+

        if (encoding==2){  //biphase
                uint8_t phase=0;
                for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                        biphaseSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, &phase);
                }
        if (encoding==2){  //biphase
                uint8_t phase=0;
                for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                        biphaseSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, &phase);
                }

-               if (BitStream[0]==BitStream[size-1]){ //run a second set inverted to keep phase in check
+               if (phase==1) { //run a second set inverted to keep phase in check

                        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                                biphaseSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, &phase);
                        }
                        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                                biphaseSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, &phase);
                        }


@@ -668,14 +781,16 @@ void CmdASKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
                for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                        askSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, encoding);
                }
                for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                        askSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert, &n, clk, encoding);
                }

-               if (encoding==0 && BitStream[0]==BitStream[size-1]){ //run a second set inverted (for biphase phase)
+               if (encoding==0 && BitStream[0]==BitStream[size-1]){ //run a second set inverted (for ask/raw || biphase phase)

                        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                                askSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert^1, &n, clk, encoding);
                        }
                }
        }
                        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                                askSimBit(BitStream[i]^invert^1, &n, clk, encoding);
                        }
                }
        }

-       
-       if (separator==1) Dbprintf("sorry but separator option not yet available"); 
+       if (separator==1 && encoding == 1)
+               stAskSimBit(&n, clk);
+       else if (separator==1)
+               Dbprintf("sorry but separator option not yet available");

 
        Dbprintf("Simulating with clk: %d, invert: %d, encoding: %d, separator: %d, n: %d",clk, invert, encoding, separator, n);
        //DEBUG
 
        Dbprintf("Simulating with clk: %d, invert: %d, encoding: %d, separator: %d, n: %d",clk, invert, encoding, separator, n);
        //DEBUG


@@ -685,7 +800,7 @@ void CmdASKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
        //Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d", dest[i],dest[i+1],dest[i+2],dest[i+3],dest[i+4],dest[i+5],dest[i+6],dest[i+7],dest[i+8],dest[i+9],dest[i+10],dest[i+11],dest[i+12],dest[i+13],dest[i+14],dest[i+15]);
        //i+=16;
        //Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d", dest[i],dest[i+1],dest[i+2],dest[i+3],dest[i+4],dest[i+5],dest[i+6],dest[i+7],dest[i+8],dest[i+9],dest[i+10],dest[i+11],dest[i+12],dest[i+13],dest[i+14],dest[i+15]);
        //Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d", dest[i],dest[i+1],dest[i+2],dest[i+3],dest[i+4],dest[i+5],dest[i+6],dest[i+7],dest[i+8],dest[i+9],dest[i+10],dest[i+11],dest[i+12],dest[i+13],dest[i+14],dest[i+15]);
        //i+=16;
        //Dbprintf("%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d", dest[i],dest[i+1],dest[i+2],dest[i+3],dest[i+4],dest[i+5],dest[i+6],dest[i+7],dest[i+8],dest[i+9],dest[i+10],dest[i+11],dest[i+12],dest[i+13],dest[i+14],dest[i+15]);

-
+       

        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();
        SimulateTagLowFrequency(n, 0, ledcontrol);
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();
        SimulateTagLowFrequency(n, 0, ledcontrol);
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();


@@ -723,11 +838,14 @@ void CmdPSKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
        uint8_t carrier = arg1 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t invert = arg2 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t curPhase = 0;
        uint8_t carrier = arg1 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t invert = arg2 & 0xFF;
        uint8_t curPhase = 0;

+       // set LF so we don't kill the bigbuf we are setting with simulation data.
+       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+

        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                if (BitStream[i] == curPhase){
        for (i=0; i<size; i++){
                if (BitStream[i] == curPhase){

-                       pskSimBit(carrier, &n, clk, &curPhase, FALSE);
+                       pskSimBit(carrier, &n, clk, &curPhase, false);

                } else {
                } else {

-                       pskSimBit(carrier, &n, clk, &curPhase, TRUE);
+                       pskSimBit(carrier, &n, clk, &curPhase, true);

                }
        }
        Dbprintf("Simulating with Carrier: %d, clk: %d, invert: %d, n: %d",carrier, clk, invert, n);
                }
        }
        Dbprintf("Simulating with Carrier: %d, clk: %d, invert: %d, n: %d",carrier, clk, invert, n);


@@ -744,21 +862,21 @@ void CmdPSKsimTag(uint16_t arg1, uint16_t arg2, size_t size, uint8_t *BitStream)
 }
 
 // loop to get raw HID waveform then FSK demodulate the TAG ID from it
 }
 
 // loop to get raw HID waveform then FSK demodulate the TAG ID from it

-void CmdHIDdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
+void CmdHIDdemodFSK(int findone, int *high2, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)

 {
        uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
        //const size_t sizeOfBigBuff = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
        size_t size; 
        uint32_t hi2=0, hi=0, lo=0;
        int idx=0;
 {
        uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
        //const size_t sizeOfBigBuff = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
        size_t size; 
        uint32_t hi2=0, hi=0, lo=0;
        int idx=0;

+       int dummyIdx = 0;

        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        //clear read buffer
        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        //clear read buffer

-       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(void);
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();

 
        while(!BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) {
 
        while(!BUTTON_PRESS() && !usb_poll_validate_length()) {

-

                WDT_HIT();
                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();
 
                WDT_HIT();
                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_ON();
 


@@ -766,72 +884,84 @@ void CmdHIDdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
                // FSK demodulator
                //size = sizeOfBigBuff;  //variable size will change after demod so re initialize it before use
                size = 50*128*2; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format
                // FSK demodulator
                //size = sizeOfBigBuff;  //variable size will change after demod so re initialize it before use
                size = 50*128*2; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format

-               idx = HIDdemodFSK(dest, &size, &hi2, &hi, &lo);
+               idx = HIDdemodFSK(dest, &size, &hi2, &hi, &lo, &dummyIdx);

                
                if (idx>0 && lo>0 && (size==96 || size==192)){
                
                if (idx>0 && lo>0 && (size==96 || size==192)){

+                       uint8_t bitlen = 0;
+                       uint32_t fc = 0;
+                       uint32_t cardnum = 0;
+                       bool decoded = false;
+

                        // go over previously decoded manchester data and decode into usable tag ID
                        // go over previously decoded manchester data and decode into usable tag ID

-                       if (hi2 != 0){ //extra large HID tags  88/192 bits
-                               Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x%08x (%d)",
-                                 (unsigned int) hi2, (unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF);
-                       }else {  //standard HID tags 44/96 bits
-                               //Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x (%d)",(unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF); //old print cmd
-                               uint8_t bitlen = 0;
-                               uint32_t fc = 0;
-                               uint32_t cardnum = 0;
-                               if (((hi>>5)&1) == 1){//if bit 38 is set then < 37 bit format is used
-                                       uint32_t lo2=0;
-                                       lo2=(((hi & 31) << 12) | (lo>>20)); //get bits 21-37 to check for format len bit
-                                       uint8_t idx3 = 1;
-                                       while(lo2 > 1){ //find last bit set to 1 (format len bit)
-                                               lo2=lo2 >> 1;
-                                               idx3++;
-                                       }
-                                       bitlen = idx3+19;
-                                       fc =0;
-                                       cardnum=0;
-                                       if(bitlen == 26){
-                                               cardnum = (lo>>1)&0xFFFF;
-                                               fc = (lo>>17)&0xFF;
-                                       }
-                                       if(bitlen == 37){
-                                               cardnum = (lo>>1)&0x7FFFF;
-                                               fc = ((hi&0xF)<<12)|(lo>>20);
-                                       }
-                                       if(bitlen == 34){
-                                               cardnum = (lo>>1)&0xFFFF;
-                                               fc= ((hi&1)<<15)|(lo>>17);
-                                       }
-                                       if(bitlen == 35){
-                                               cardnum = (lo>>1)&0xFFFFF;
-                                               fc = ((hi&1)<<11)|(lo>>21);
-                                       }
+                       if ((hi2 & 0x000FFFF) != 0){ //extra large HID tags  88/192 bits
+                               uint32_t bp = hi2 & 0x000FFFFF;
+                               bitlen = 63;
+                               while (bp > 0) {
+                                       bp = bp >> 1;
+                                       bitlen++;

                                }
                                }

-                               else { //if bit 38 is not set then 37 bit format is used
-                                       bitlen= 37;
-                                       fc =0;
-                                       cardnum=0;
-                                       if(bitlen==37){
-                                               cardnum = (lo>>1)&0x7FFFF;
-                                               fc = ((hi&0xF)<<12)|(lo>>20);
-                                       }
+                       } else if ((hi >> 6) > 0) {
+                               uint32_t bp = hi;
+                               bitlen = 31;
+                               while (bp > 0) {
+                                       bp = bp >> 1;
+                                       bitlen++;
+                               }
+                       } else if (((hi >> 5) & 1) == 0) {
+                               bitlen = 37;
+                       } else if ((hi & 0x0000001F) > 0 ) {
+                               uint32_t bp = (hi & 0x0000001F);
+                               bitlen = 31;
+                               while (bp > 0) {
+                                       bp = bp >> 1;
+                                       bitlen++;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               uint32_t bp = lo;
+                               bitlen = 0;
+                               while (bp > 0) {
+                                       bp = bp >> 1;
+                                       bitlen++;

                                }
                                }

-                               //Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x (%d)",
-                               // (unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF);
-                               Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x (%d) - Format Len: %dbit - FC: %d - Card: %d",
-                                                (unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF,
-                                                (unsigned int) bitlen, (unsigned int) fc, (unsigned int) cardnum);

                        }
                        }

+                       switch (bitlen){
+                               case 26:
+                                       cardnum = (lo>>1)&0xFFFF;
+                                       fc = (lo>>17)&0xFF;
+                                       decoded = true;
+                                       break;
+                               case 35:
+                                       cardnum = (lo>>1)&0xFFFFF;
+                                       fc = ((hi&1)<<11)|(lo>>21);
+                                       decoded = true;
+                                       break;
+                       }
+                               
+                       if (hi2 != 0) //extra large HID tags  88/192 bits
+                               Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x%08x (%d)",
+                                       (unsigned int) hi2, (unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF);
+                       else 
+                               Dbprintf("TAG ID: %x%08x (%d)",
+                                       (unsigned int) hi, (unsigned int) lo, (unsigned int) (lo>>1) & 0xFFFF);
+                       
+                       if (decoded)
+                               Dbprintf("Format Len: %dbits - FC: %d - Card: %d",
+                                       (unsigned int) bitlen, (unsigned int) fc, (unsigned int) cardnum);
+

                        if (findone){
                                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
                        if (findone){
                                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();

+                               *high2 = hi2;

                                *high = hi;
                                *low = lo;
                                *high = hi;
                                *low = lo;

-                               return;
+                               break;

                        }
                        // reset
                }
                hi2 = hi = lo = idx = 0;
                WDT_HIT();
        }
                        }
                        // reset
                }
                hi2 = hi = lo = idx = 0;
                WDT_HIT();
        }

+
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }
        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }


@@ -841,9 +971,9 @@ void CmdAWIDdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
 {
        uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
        size_t size; 
 {
        uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
        size_t size; 

-       int idx=0;
+       int idx=0, dummyIdx=0;

        //clear read buffer
        //clear read buffer

-       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(void);
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();

        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 


@@ -855,7 +985,7 @@ void CmdAWIDdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
                DoAcquisition_default(-1,true);
                // FSK demodulator
                size = 50*128*2; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format
                DoAcquisition_default(-1,true);
                // FSK demodulator
                size = 50*128*2; //big enough to catch 2 sequences of largest format

-               idx = AWIDdemodFSK(dest, &size);
+               idx = AWIDdemodFSK(dest, &size, &dummyIdx);

                
                if (idx<=0 || size!=96) continue;
                // Index map
                
                if (idx<=0 || size!=96) continue;
                // Index map


@@ -916,12 +1046,13 @@ void CmdAWIDdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
                }
                if (findone){
                        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
                }
                if (findone){
                        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();

-                       return;
+                       break;

                }
                // reset
                idx = 0;
                WDT_HIT();
        }
                }
                // reset
                idx = 0;
                WDT_HIT();
        }

+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }
        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }


@@ -935,7 +1066,7 @@ void CmdEM410xdemod(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
        uint32_t hi=0;
        uint64_t lo=0;
        //clear read buffer
        uint32_t hi=0;
        uint64_t lo=0;
        //clear read buffer

-       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(void);
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();

        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 


@@ -976,13 +1107,14 @@ void CmdEM410xdemod(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
                                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
                                *high=lo>>32;
                                *low=lo & 0xFFFFFFFF;
                                if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
                                *high=lo>>32;
                                *low=lo & 0xFFFFFFFF;

-                               return;
+                               break;

                        }
                }
                WDT_HIT();
                hi = lo = size = idx = 0;
                clk = invert = errCnt = 0;
        }
                        }
                }
                WDT_HIT();
                hi = lo = size = idx = 0;
                clk = invert = errCnt = 0;
        }

+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }
        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }


@@ -995,8 +1127,9 @@ void CmdIOdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
        uint8_t version=0;
        uint8_t facilitycode=0;
        uint16_t number=0;
        uint8_t version=0;
        uint8_t facilitycode=0;
        uint16_t number=0;

+       int dummyIdx=0;

        //clear read buffer
        //clear read buffer

-       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM(void);
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();

        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        // Configure to go in 125Khz listen mode
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 


@@ -1006,7 +1139,7 @@ void CmdIOdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
                DoAcquisition_default(-1,true);
                //fskdemod and get start index
                WDT_HIT();
                DoAcquisition_default(-1,true);
                //fskdemod and get start index
                WDT_HIT();

-               idx = IOdemodFSK(dest, BigBuf_max_traceLen());
+               idx = IOdemodFSK(dest, BigBuf_max_traceLen(), &dummyIdx);

                if (idx<0) continue;
                //valid tag found
 
                if (idx<0) continue;
                //valid tag found
 


@@ -1041,7 +1174,7 @@ void CmdIOdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
                        //LED_A_OFF();
                        *high=code;
                        *low=code2;
                        //LED_A_OFF();
                        *high=code;
                        *low=code2;

-                       return;
+                       break;

                }
                code=code2=0;
                version=facilitycode=0;
                }
                code=code2=0;
                version=facilitycode=0;


@@ -1050,6 +1183,7 @@ void CmdIOdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
 
                WDT_HIT();
        }
 
                WDT_HIT();
        }

+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }
        DbpString("Stopped");
        if (ledcontrol) LED_A_OFF();
 }


@@ -1073,7 +1207,7 @@ void CmdIOdemodFSK(int findone, int *high, int *low, int ledcontrol)
 void TurnReadLFOn(int delay) {
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
        // Give it a bit of time for the resonant antenna to settle.
 void TurnReadLFOn(int delay) {
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
        // Give it a bit of time for the resonant antenna to settle.

-       SpinDelayUs(delay); //155*8 //50*8
+       WaitUS(delay); //155*8 //50*8

 }
 
 // Write one bit to card
 }
 
 // Write one bit to card


@@ -1083,31 +1217,33 @@ void T55xxWriteBit(int bit) {
        else
                TurnReadLFOn(WRITE_1);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        else
                TurnReadLFOn(WRITE_1);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       SpinDelayUs(WRITE_GAP);
+       WaitUS(WRITE_GAP);

 }
 
 // Send T5577 reset command then read stream (see if we can identify the start of the stream)
 void T55xxResetRead(void) {
        LED_A_ON();
        //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later
 }
 
 // Send T5577 reset command then read stream (see if we can identify the start of the stream)
 void T55xxResetRead(void) {
        LED_A_ON();
        //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later

-       BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
+       BigBuf_Clear_keep_EM();

 
        // Set up FPGA, 125kHz
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        // Set up FPGA, 125kHz
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);

-
+       StartTicks();
+       // make sure tag is fully powered up...
+       WaitMS(5);
+       

        // Trigger T55x7 in mode.
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        // Trigger T55x7 in mode.
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       SpinDelayUs(START_GAP);
+       WaitUS(START_GAP);

 
        // reset tag - op code 00
        T55xxWriteBit(0);
        T55xxWriteBit(0);
 
 
        // reset tag - op code 00
        T55xxWriteBit(0);
        T55xxWriteBit(0);
 

-       // Turn field on to read the response

        TurnReadLFOn(READ_GAP);
 
        // Acquisition
        TurnReadLFOn(READ_GAP);
 
        // Acquisition

-       doT55x7Acquisition(BigBuf_max_traceLen());
+       DoPartialAcquisition(0, true, BigBuf_max_traceLen(), 0);

 
        // Turn the field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
 
        // Turn the field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off


@@ -1120,19 +1256,24 @@ void T55xxWriteBlockExt(uint32_t Data, uint32_t Block, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t arg
        LED_A_ON();
        bool PwdMode = arg & 0x1;
        uint8_t Page = (arg & 0x2)>>1;
        LED_A_ON();
        bool PwdMode = arg & 0x1;
        uint8_t Page = (arg & 0x2)>>1;

+       bool testMode = arg & 0x4;

        uint32_t i = 0;
 
        // Set up FPGA, 125kHz
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
        uint32_t i = 0;
 
        // Set up FPGA, 125kHz
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);

-
+       StartTicks();
+       // make sure tag is fully powered up...
+       WaitMS(5);

        // Trigger T55x7 in mode.
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        // Trigger T55x7 in mode.
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       SpinDelayUs(START_GAP);
+       WaitUS(START_GAP);

 
 

-       // Opcode 10
-       T55xxWriteBit(1);
-       T55xxWriteBit(Page); //Page 0
-       if (PwdMode){
+       if (testMode) Dbprintf("TestMODE");
+       // Std Opcode 10
+       T55xxWriteBit(testMode ? 0 : 1);
+       T55xxWriteBit(testMode ? 1 : Page); //Page 0
+
+       if (PwdMode) {

                // Send Pwd
                for (i = 0x80000000; i != 0; i >>= 1)
                        T55xxWriteBit(Pwd & i);
                // Send Pwd
                for (i = 0x80000000; i != 0; i >>= 1)
                        T55xxWriteBit(Pwd & i);


@@ -1150,11 +1291,31 @@ void T55xxWriteBlockExt(uint32_t Data, uint32_t Block, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t arg
 
        // Perform write (nominal is 5.6 ms for T55x7 and 18ms for E5550,
        // so wait a little more)
 
        // Perform write (nominal is 5.6 ms for T55x7 and 18ms for E5550,
        // so wait a little more)

-       TurnReadLFOn(20 * 1000);
+
+       // "there is a clock delay before programming" 
+       //  - programming takes ~5.6ms for t5577 ~18ms for E5550 or t5567
+       //  so we should wait 1 clock + 5.6ms then read response? 
+       //  but we need to know we are dealing with t5577 vs t5567 vs e5550 (or q5) marshmellow...
+       if (testMode) {
+               //TESTMODE TIMING TESTS: 
+               // <566us does nothing 
+               // 566-568 switches between wiping to 0s and doing nothing
+               // 5184 wipes and allows 1 block to be programmed.
+               // indefinite power on wipes and then programs all blocks with bitshifted data sent.
+               TurnReadLFOn(5184); 
+
+       } else {
+               TurnReadLFOn(20 * 1000);

                //could attempt to do a read to confirm write took
                // as the tag should repeat back the new block 
                // until it is reset, but to confirm it we would 
                //could attempt to do a read to confirm write took
                // as the tag should repeat back the new block 
                // until it is reset, but to confirm it we would 

-               // need to know the current block 0 config mode
+               // need to know the current block 0 config mode for
+               // modulation clock an other details to demod the response...
+               // response should be (for t55x7) a 0 bit then (ST if on) 
+               // block data written in on repeat until reset. 
+
+               //DoPartialAcquisition(20, true, 12000);
+       }

 
        // turn field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
 
        // turn field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);


@@ -1173,7 +1334,7 @@ void T55xxReadBlock(uint16_t arg0, uint8_t Block, uint32_t Pwd) {
        bool PwdMode = arg0 & 0x1;
        uint8_t Page = (arg0 & 0x2) >> 1;
        uint32_t i = 0;
        bool PwdMode = arg0 & 0x1;
        uint8_t Page = (arg0 & 0x2) >> 1;
        uint32_t i = 0;

-       bool RegReadMode = (Block == 0xFF);
+       bool RegReadMode = (Block == 0xFF);//regular read mode

 
        //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later
        BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
 
        //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later
        BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);


@@ -1183,10 +1344,12 @@ void T55xxReadBlock(uint16_t arg0, uint8_t Block, uint32_t Pwd) {
 
        // Set up FPGA, 125kHz to power up the tag
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        // Set up FPGA, 125kHz to power up the tag
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);

-
+       StartTicks();
+       // make sure tag is fully powered up...
+       WaitMS(5);

        // Trigger T55x7 Direct Access Mode with start gap
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        // Trigger T55x7 Direct Access Mode with start gap
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       SpinDelayUs(START_GAP);
+       WaitUS(START_GAP);

 
        // Opcode 1[page]
        T55xxWriteBit(1);
 
        // Opcode 1[page]
        T55xxWriteBit(1);


@@ -1206,10 +1369,13 @@ void T55xxReadBlock(uint16_t arg0, uint8_t Block, uint32_t Pwd) {
                        T55xxWriteBit(Block & i);               
 
        // Turn field on to read the response
                        T55xxWriteBit(Block & i);               
 
        // Turn field on to read the response

-       TurnReadLFOn(READ_GAP);
+       // 137*8 seems to get to the start of data pretty well... 
+       //  but we want to go past the start and let the repeating data settle in...
+       TurnReadLFOn(210*8); 

 
        // Acquisition
 
        // Acquisition

-       doT55x7Acquisition(12000);
+       // Now do the acquisition
+       DoPartialAcquisition(0, true, 12000, 0);

 
        // Turn the field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
 
        // Turn the field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off


@@ -1223,10 +1389,13 @@ void T55xxWakeUp(uint32_t Pwd){
        
        // Set up FPGA, 125kHz
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
        
        // Set up FPGA, 125kHz
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);

+       StartTicks();
+       // make sure tag is fully powered up...
+       WaitMS(5);

        
        // Trigger T55x7 Direct Access Mode
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        
        // Trigger T55x7 Direct Access Mode
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);

-       SpinDelayUs(START_GAP);
+       WaitUS(START_GAP);

        
        // Opcode 10
        T55xxWriteBit(1);
        
        // Opcode 10
        T55xxWriteBit(1);


@@ -1249,8 +1418,8 @@ void WriteT55xx(uint32_t *blockdata, uint8_t startblock, uint8_t numblocks) {
        }
 }
 
        }
 }
 

-// Copy HID id to card and setup block 0 config
-void CopyHIDtoT55x7(uint32_t hi2, uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, uint8_t longFMT) {
+// Copy a HID-like card (e.g. HID Proximity, Paradox) to a T55x7 compatible card
+void CopyHIDtoT55x7(uint32_t hi2, uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, uint8_t longFMT, uint8_t preamble) {

        uint32_t data[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
        uint8_t last_block = 0;
 
        uint32_t data[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
        uint8_t last_block = 0;
 


@@ -1262,15 +1431,15 @@ void CopyHIDtoT55x7(uint32_t hi2, uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, uint8_t longFMT) {
                }
                // Build the 6 data blocks for supplied 84bit ID
                last_block = 6;
                }
                // Build the 6 data blocks for supplied 84bit ID
                last_block = 6;

-               // load preamble (1D) & long format identifier (9E manchester encoded)
-               data[1] = 0x1D96A900 | (manchesterEncode2Bytes((hi2 >> 16) & 0xF) & 0xFF);
+               // load preamble & long format identifier (9E manchester encoded)
+               data[1] = (preamble << 24) | 0x96A900 | (manchesterEncode2Bytes((hi2 >> 16) & 0xF) & 0xFF);

                // load raw id from hi2, hi, lo to data blocks (manchester encoded)
                data[2] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi2 & 0xFFFF);
                data[3] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi >> 16);
                data[4] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi & 0xFFFF);
                data[5] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo >> 16);
                data[6] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo & 0xFFFF);
                // load raw id from hi2, hi, lo to data blocks (manchester encoded)
                data[2] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi2 & 0xFFFF);
                data[3] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi >> 16);
                data[4] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi & 0xFFFF);
                data[5] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo >> 16);
                data[6] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo & 0xFFFF);

-       }       else {
+       } else {

                // Ensure no more than 44 bits supplied
                if (hi>0xFFF) {
                        DbpString("Tags can only have 44 bits.");
                // Ensure no more than 44 bits supplied
                if (hi>0xFFF) {
                        DbpString("Tags can only have 44 bits.");


@@ -1279,7 +1448,7 @@ void CopyHIDtoT55x7(uint32_t hi2, uint32_t hi, uint32_t lo, uint8_t longFMT) {
                // Build the 3 data blocks for supplied 44bit ID
                last_block = 3;
                // load preamble
                // Build the 3 data blocks for supplied 44bit ID
                last_block = 3;
                // load preamble

-               data[1] = 0x1D000000 | (manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi) & 0xFFFFFF);
+               data[1] = (preamble << 24) | (manchesterEncode2Bytes(hi) & 0xFFFFFF);

                data[2] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo >> 16);
                data[3] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo & 0xFFFF);
        }
                data[2] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo >> 16);
                data[3] = manchesterEncode2Bytes(lo & 0xFFFF);
        }


@@ -1332,10 +1501,10 @@ void CopyIndala224toT55x7(uint32_t uid1, uint32_t uid2, uint32_t uid3, uint32_t
        //Program the 7 data blocks for supplied 224bit UID
        uint32_t data[] = {0, uid1, uid2, uid3, uid4, uid5, uid6, uid7};
        // and the block 0 for Indala224 format 
        //Program the 7 data blocks for supplied 224bit UID
        uint32_t data[] = {0, uid1, uid2, uid3, uid4, uid5, uid6, uid7};
        // and the block 0 for Indala224 format 

-       //Config for Indala (RF/32;PSK1 with RF/2;Maxblock=7)
-       data[0] = T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | T55x7_MODULATION_PSK1 | (7 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT);
+       //Config for Indala (RF/32;PSK2 with RF/2;Maxblock=7)
+       data[0] = T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | T55x7_MODULATION_PSK2 | (7 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT);

        //TODO add selection of chip for Q5 or T55x7
        //TODO add selection of chip for Q5 or T55x7

-       // data[0] = (((32-2)/2)<<T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT) | T5555_MODULATION_PSK1 | 7 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT;
+       // data[0] = (((32-2)>>1)<<T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT) | T5555_MODULATION_PSK2 | 7 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT;

        WriteT55xx(data, 0, 8);
        //Alternative config for Indala (Extended mode;RF/32;PSK1 with RF/2;Maxblock=7;Inverse data)
        //      T5567WriteBlock(0x603E10E2,0);
        WriteT55xx(data, 0, 8);
        //Alternative config for Indala (Extended mode;RF/32;PSK1 with RF/2;Maxblock=7;Inverse data)
        //      T5567WriteBlock(0x603E10E2,0);


@@ -1344,7 +1513,7 @@ void CopyIndala224toT55x7(uint32_t uid1, uint32_t uid2, uint32_t uid3, uint32_t
 // clone viking tag to T55xx
 void CopyVikingtoT55xx(uint32_t block1, uint32_t block2, uint8_t Q5) {
        uint32_t data[] = {T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | T55x7_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT), block1, block2};
 // clone viking tag to T55xx
 void CopyVikingtoT55xx(uint32_t block1, uint32_t block2, uint8_t Q5) {
        uint32_t data[] = {T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | T55x7_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT), block1, block2};

-       if (Q5) data[0] = (32 << T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT) | T5555_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | 2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT;
+       if (Q5) data[0] = T5555_SET_BITRATE(32) | T5555_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | 2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT;

        // Program the data blocks for supplied ID and the block 0 config
        WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3);
        LED_D_OFF();
        // Program the data blocks for supplied ID and the block 0 config
        WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3);
        LED_D_OFF();


@@ -1415,7 +1584,7 @@ void WriteEM410x(uint32_t card, uint32_t id_hi, uint32_t id_lo) {
        LED_D_ON();
 
        // Write EM410x ID
        LED_D_ON();
 
        // Write EM410x ID

-       uint32_t data[] = {0, id>>32, id & 0xFFFFFFFF};
+       uint32_t data[] = {0, (uint32_t)(id>>32), (uint32_t)(id & 0xFFFFFFFF)};

 
        clock = (card & 0xFF00) >> 8;
        clock = (clock == 0) ? 64 : clock;
 
        clock = (card & 0xFF00) >> 8;
        clock = (clock == 0) ? 64 : clock;


@@ -1428,8 +1597,7 @@ void WriteEM410x(uint32_t card, uint32_t id_hi, uint32_t id_lo) {
                }
                data[0] = clock | T55x7_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT);
        } else { //t5555 (Q5)
                }
                data[0] = clock | T55x7_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT);
        } else { //t5555 (Q5)

-               clock = (clock-2)>>1;  //n = (RF-2)/2
-               data[0] = (clock << T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT) | T5555_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT);
+               data[0] = T5555_SET_BITRATE(clock) | T5555_MODULATION_MANCHESTER | (2 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT);

        }
 
        WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3);
        }
 
        WriteT55xx(data, 0, 3);


@@ -1548,29 +1716,27 @@ void SendForward(uint8_t fwd_bit_count) {
        fwd_write_ptr = forwardLink_data;
        fwd_bit_sz = fwd_bit_count;
 
        fwd_write_ptr = forwardLink_data;
        fwd_bit_sz = fwd_bit_count;
 

-       LED_D_ON();
-
-       // Set up FPGA, 125kHz
+       // Set up FPGA, 125kHz or 95 divisor

        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        // force 1st mod pulse (start gap must be longer for 4305)
        fwd_bit_sz--; //prepare next bit modulation
        fwd_write_ptr++;
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
        LFSetupFPGAForADC(95, true);
 
        // force 1st mod pulse (start gap must be longer for 4305)
        fwd_bit_sz--; //prepare next bit modulation
        fwd_write_ptr++;
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off

-       SpinDelayUs(55*8); //55 cycles off (8us each)for 4305
+       WaitUS(55*8); //55 cycles off (8us each)for 4305  //another reader has 37 here...

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);//field on
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);//field on

-       SpinDelayUs(16*8); //16 cycles on (8us each)
+       WaitUS(18*8); //18 cycles on (8us each)

 
        // now start writting
        while(fwd_bit_sz-- > 0) { //prepare next bit modulation
                if(((*fwd_write_ptr++) & 1) == 1)
 
        // now start writting
        while(fwd_bit_sz-- > 0) { //prepare next bit modulation
                if(((*fwd_write_ptr++) & 1) == 1)

-                       SpinDelayUs(32*8); //32 cycles at 125Khz (8us each)
+                       WaitUS(32*8); //32 cycles at 125Khz (8us each)

                else {
                        //These timings work for 4469/4269/4305 (with the 55*8 above)
                        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
                else {
                        //These timings work for 4469/4269/4305 (with the 55*8 above)
                        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off

-                       SpinDelayUs(23*8); //16-4 cycles off (8us each)
+                       WaitUS(23*8); //23 cycles off (8us each)

                        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);//field on
                        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);//field on

-                       SpinDelayUs(9*8); //16 cycles on (8us each)
+                       WaitUS(18*8); //18 cycles on (8us each)

                }
        }
 }
                }
        }
 }


@@ -1592,13 +1758,12 @@ void EM4xLogin(uint32_t Password) {
 void EM4xReadWord(uint8_t Address, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode) {
 
        uint8_t fwd_bit_count;
 void EM4xReadWord(uint8_t Address, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode) {
 
        uint8_t fwd_bit_count;

-       uint8_t *dest = BigBuf_get_addr();
-       uint16_t bufferlength = BigBuf_max_traceLen();
-       uint32_t i = 0;

 
        // Clear destination buffer before sending the command
        BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
 
 
        // Clear destination buffer before sending the command
        BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
 

+       LED_A_ON();
+       StartTicks();

        //If password mode do login
        if (PwdMode == 1) EM4xLogin(Pwd);
 
        //If password mode do login
        if (PwdMode == 1) EM4xLogin(Pwd);
 


@@ -1606,36 +1771,29 @@ void EM4xReadWord(uint8_t Address, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode) {
        fwd_bit_count = Prepare_Cmd( FWD_CMD_READ );
        fwd_bit_count += Prepare_Addr( Address );
 
        fwd_bit_count = Prepare_Cmd( FWD_CMD_READ );
        fwd_bit_count += Prepare_Addr( Address );
 

-       // Connect the A/D to the peak-detected low-frequency path.
-       SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_LOPKD);
-       // Now set up the SSC to get the ADC samples that are now streaming at us.
-       FpgaSetupSsc();
-

        SendForward(fwd_bit_count);
        SendForward(fwd_bit_count);

-
+       WaitUS(400);

        // Now do the acquisition
        // Now do the acquisition

-       i = 0;
-       for(;;) {
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & AT91C_SSC_TXRDY) {
-                       AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x43;
-               }
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & AT91C_SSC_RXRDY) {
-                       dest[i] = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
-                       i++;
-                       if (i >= bufferlength) break;
-               }
-       }
+       DoPartialAcquisition(20, true, 6000, 1000);
+       

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off

+       LED_A_OFF();

        cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);
        cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);

-       LED_D_OFF();

 }
 
 }
 

-void EM4xWriteWord(uint32_t Data, uint8_t Address, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode) {
-
+void EM4xWriteWord(uint32_t flag, uint32_t Data, uint32_t Pwd) {
+       
+       bool PwdMode = (flag & 0xF);
+       uint8_t Address = (flag >> 8) & 0xFF;

        uint8_t fwd_bit_count;
 
        uint8_t fwd_bit_count;
 

+       //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later
+       BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
+
+       LED_A_ON();
+       StartTicks();

        //If password mode do login
        //If password mode do login

-       if (PwdMode == 1) EM4xLogin(Pwd);
+       if (PwdMode) EM4xLogin(Pwd);

 
        forward_ptr = forwardLink_data;
        fwd_bit_count = Prepare_Cmd( FWD_CMD_WRITE );
 
        forward_ptr = forwardLink_data;
        fwd_bit_count = Prepare_Cmd( FWD_CMD_WRITE );


@@ -1645,7 +1803,72 @@ void EM4xWriteWord(uint32_t Data, uint8_t Address, uint32_t Pwd, uint8_t PwdMode
        SendForward(fwd_bit_count);
 
        //Wait for write to complete
        SendForward(fwd_bit_count);
 
        //Wait for write to complete

-       SpinDelay(20);
+       //SpinDelay(10);
+
+       WaitUS(6500);
+       //Capture response if one exists
+       DoPartialAcquisition(20, true, 6000, 1000);
+

        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off

-       LED_D_OFF();
+       LED_A_OFF();
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);
+}
+/*
+Reading a COTAG.
+
+COTAG needs the reader to send a startsequence and the card has an extreme slow datarate.
+because of this, we can "sample" the data signal but we interpreate it to Manchester direct.
+
+READER START SEQUENCE:
+burst 800 us,    gap   2.2 msecs
+burst 3.6 msecs  gap   2.2 msecs
+burst 800 us     gap   2.2 msecs
+pulse 3.6 msecs
+
+This triggers a COTAG tag to response
+*/
+void Cotag(uint32_t arg0) {
+
+#define OFF     { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); WaitUS(2035); }
+#define ON(x)   { FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD); WaitUS((x)); }
+
+       uint8_t rawsignal = arg0 & 0xF;
+
+       LED_A_ON();
+
+       // Switching to LF image on FPGA. This might empty BigBuff
+       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_LF);
+
+       //clear buffer now so it does not interfere with timing later
+       BigBuf_Clear_ext(false);
+
+       // Set up FPGA, 132kHz to power up the tag
+       FpgaSendCommand(FPGA_CMD_SET_DIVISOR, 89);
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC | FPGA_LF_ADC_READER_FIELD);
+
+       // Connect the A/D to the peak-detected low-frequency path.
+       SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_LOPKD);
+
+       // Now set up the SSC to get the ADC samples that are now streaming at us.
+       FpgaSetupSsc(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_LF_ADC);
+
+       // start clock - 1.5ticks is 1us
+       StartTicks();
+
+       //send COTAG start pulse
+       ON(740)  OFF
+       ON(3330) OFF
+       ON(740)  OFF
+       ON(1000)
+
+       switch(rawsignal) {
+               case 0: doCotagAcquisition(50000); break;
+               case 1: doCotagAcquisitionManchester(); break;
+               case 2: DoAcquisition_config(true, 0); break;
+       }
+
+       // Turn the field off
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF); // field off
+       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,0,0,0,0,0);
+       LED_A_OFF();

 }
 }