// Low frequency EM4x commands
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
-#include "proxmark3.h"
-#include "ui.h"
-#include "util.h"
-#include "graph.h"
-#include "cmdparser.h"
-#include "cmddata.h"
-#include "cmdlf.h"
#include "cmdlfem4x.h"
-#include "lfdemod.h"
-#define llx PRIx64
-
-char *global_em410xId;
+uint64_t g_em410xid = 0;
static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);
int CmdEMdemodASK(const char *Cmd)
{
char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
- int findone = (cmdp == '1') ? 1 : 0;
- UsbCommand c={CMD_EM410X_DEMOD};
- c.arg[0]=findone;
+ uint8_t findone = (cmdp == '1') ? 1 : 0;
+ UsbCommand c = {CMD_EM410X_DEMOD, {findone, 0, 0}};
SendCommand(&c);
return 0;
}
PrintAndLog ("EM410x XL pattern found");
return 0;
}
- char id[12] = {0x00};
- //sprintf(id, "%010llx",lo);
- sprintf(id, "%010" PRIu64 ", lo);
-
- global_em410xId = id;
+ g_em410xid = lo;
return 1;
}
+
+int usage_lf_em410x_sim(void) {
+ PrintAndLog("Simulating EM410x tag");
+ PrintAndLog("");
+ PrintAndLog("Usage: lf em4x em410xsim [h] <uid> <clock>");
+ PrintAndLog("Options:");
+ PrintAndLog(" h - this help");
+ PrintAndLog(" uid - uid (10 HEX symbols)");
+ PrintAndLog(" clock - clock (32|64) (optional)");
+ PrintAndLog("samples:");
+ PrintAndLog(" lf em4x em410xsim 0F0368568B");
+ PrintAndLog(" lf em4x em410xsim 0F0368568B 32");
+ return 0;
+}
+
// emulate an EM410X tag
int CmdEM410xSim(const char *Cmd)
{
int i, n, j, binary[4], parity[4];
+ uint8_t uid[5] = {0x00};
char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
- uint8_t uid[5] = {0x00};
+ if (cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') return usage_lf_em410x_sim();
- if (cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
- PrintAndLog("Usage: lf em4x em410xsim <UID> <clock>");
- PrintAndLog("");
- PrintAndLog(" sample: lf em4x em410xsim 0F0368568B");
- return 0;
- }
/* clock is 64 in EM410x tags */
uint8_t clock = 64;
PrintAndLog("UID must include 10 HEX symbols");
return 0;
}
+
param_getdec(Cmd, 1, &clock);
PrintAndLog("Starting simulating UID %02X%02X%02X%02X%02X clock: %d", uid[0],uid[1],uid[2],uid[3],uid[4],clock);
PrintAndLog("Press pm3-button to about simulation");
-
/* clear our graph */
ClearGraph(0);
- /* write 9 start bits */
- for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
- AppendGraph(0, clock, 1);
-
- /* for each hex char */
- parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
- for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
- {
- /* read each hex char */
- sscanf(&Cmd[i], "%1x", &n);
- for (j = 3; j >= 0; j--, n/= 2)
- binary[j] = n % 2;
-
- /* append each bit */
- AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0]);
- AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[1]);
- AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[2]);
- AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[3]);
-
- /* append parity bit */
- AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0] ^ binary[1] ^ binary[2] ^ binary[3]);
-
- /* keep track of column parity */
- parity[0] ^= binary[0];
- parity[1] ^= binary[1];
- parity[2] ^= binary[2];
- parity[3] ^= binary[3];
- }
+ /* write 9 start bits */
+ for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
+ AppendGraph(0, clock, 1);
+
+ /* for each hex char */
+ parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
+ {
+ /* read each hex char */
+ sscanf(&Cmd[i], "%1x", &n);
+ for (j = 3; j >= 0; j--, n/= 2)
+ binary[j] = n % 2;
+
+ /* append each bit */
+ AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0]);
+ AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[1]);
+ AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[2]);
+ AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[3]);
+
+ /* append parity bit */
+ AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0] ^ binary[1] ^ binary[2] ^ binary[3]);
+
+ /* keep track of column parity */
+ parity[0] ^= binary[0];
+ parity[1] ^= binary[1];
+ parity[2] ^= binary[2];
+ parity[3] ^= binary[3];
+ }
- /* parity columns */
- AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[0]);
- AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[1]);
- AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[2]);
- AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[3]);
+ /* parity columns */
+ AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[0]);
+ AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[1]);
+ AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[2]);
+ AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[3]);
- /* stop bit */
+ /* stop bit */
AppendGraph(1, clock, 0);
CmdLFSim("0"); //240 start_gap.
}
//currently only supports manchester modulations
+// todo: helptext
int CmdEM410xWatchnSpoof(const char *Cmd)
{
+ // loops if the captured ID was in XL-format.
CmdEM410xWatch(Cmd);
- PrintAndLog("# Replaying captured ID: %s",global_em410xId);
+ PrintAndLog("# Replaying captured ID: %llu", g_em410xid);
CmdLFaskSim("");
return 0;
}
uint32_t OutputEM4x50_Block(uint8_t *BitStream, size_t size, bool verbose, bool pTest)
{
if (size<45) return 0;
+
uint32_t code = bytebits_to_byte(BitStream,8);
code = code<<8 | bytebits_to_byte(BitStream+9,8);
code = code<<8 | bytebits_to_byte(BitStream+18,8);
code = code<<8 | bytebits_to_byte(BitStream+27,8);
+
if (verbose || g_debugMode){
for (uint8_t i = 0; i<5; i++){
if (i == 4) PrintAndLog(""); //parity byte spacer
}
return code;
}
-/* Read the transmitted data of an EM4x50 tag
+/* Read the transmitted data of an EM4x50 tag from the graphbuffer
* Format:
*
* XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
break;
}
}
- if (!clk) return 0;
+ if (!clk) {
+ PrintAndLog("ERROR: EM4x50 - didn't find a clock");
+ return 0;
+ }
} else tol = clk/8;
// look for data start - should be 2 pairs of LW (pulses of clk*3,clk*2)
return (int)AllPTest;
}
-int CmdEM4x50Read(const char *Cmd)
-{
+int CmdEM4x50Read(const char *Cmd) {
return EM4x50Read(Cmd, true);
}
-int CmdReadWord(const char *Cmd)
-{
- int Word = -1; //default to invalid word
- UsbCommand c;
+int usage_lf_em_read(void) {
+ PrintAndLog("Read EM 4x05/4x50/EM4x69. Tag must be on antenna. ");
+ PrintAndLog("");
+ PrintAndLog("Usage: lf em readword [h] <address> <pwd>");
+ PrintAndLog("Options:");
+ PrintAndLog(" h - this help");
+ PrintAndLog(" address - memory address to read. (0-15)");
+ PrintAndLog(" pwd - password (hex) (optional)");
+ PrintAndLog("samples:");
+ PrintAndLog(" lf em readword 1");
+ PrintAndLog(" lf em readword 1 11223344");
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int usage_lf_em_write(void) {
+ PrintAndLog("Write EM 4x05/4x50/4x69. Tag must be on antenna. ");
+ PrintAndLog("");
+ PrintAndLog("Usage: lf em writeword [h] <address> <data> <pwd>");
+ PrintAndLog("Options:");
+ PrintAndLog(" h - this help");
+ PrintAndLog(" address - memory address to write to. (0-15)");
+ PrintAndLog(" data - data to write (hex)");
+ PrintAndLog(" pwd - password (hex) (optional)");
+ PrintAndLog("samples:");
+ PrintAndLog(" lf em writeword 1");
+ PrintAndLog(" lf em writeword 1 deadc0de 11223344");
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#define EM_PREAMBLE_LEN 6
+// download samples from device
+// and copy them to Graphbuffer
+bool downloadSamplesEM(){
- sscanf(Cmd, "%d", &Word);
+ // 8 bit preamble + 32 bit word response (max clock (128) * 40bits = 5120 samples)
+ uint8_t got[6000];
+ GetFromBigBuf(got, sizeof(got), 0);
+ if ( !WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, NULL, 2500) ) {
+ PrintAndLog("command execution time out");
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ setGraphBuf(got, sizeof(got));
+ return TRUE;
+}
+//search for given preamble in given BitStream and return success=1 or fail=0 and startIndex
+bool doPreambleSearch(size_t *startIdx){
- if ( (Word > 15) | (Word < 0) ) {
- PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
- return 1;
+ // sanity check
+ if ( DemodBufferLen < EM_PREAMBLE_LEN) {
+ if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - EM4305 demodbuffer too small");
+ return FALSE;
}
- PrintAndLog("Reading word %d", Word);
+ // skip first two 0 bits as they might have been missed in the demod
+ uint8_t preamble[EM_PREAMBLE_LEN] = {0,0,1,0,1,0};
- c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
- c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
- c.arg[0] = 0;
- c.arg[1] = Word;
- c.arg[2] = 0;
- SendCommand(&c);
- return 0;
-}
-
-int CmdReadWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
-{
- int Word = -1; //default to invalid word
- int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
- UsbCommand c;
+ // set size to 10 to only test first 4 positions for the preamble
+ size_t size = (10 > DemodBufferLen) ? DemodBufferLen : 10;
+ *startIdx = 0;
+ uint8_t found = 0;
- sscanf(Cmd, "%d %x", &Word, &Password);
+ // em only sends preamble once, so look for it once in the first x bits
+ for (int idx = 0; idx < size - EM_PREAMBLE_LEN; idx++){
+ if (memcmp(DemodBuffer+idx, preamble, EM_PREAMBLE_LEN) == 0){
+ //first index found
+ *startIdx = idx;
+ found = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
- if ( (Word > 15) | (Word < 0) ) {
- PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
+ if ( !found) {
+ if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - EM4305 preamble not found :: %d", *startIdx);
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ return TRUE;
+}
+
+bool detectFSK(){
+ // detect fsk clock
+ if (!GetFskClock("", FALSE, FALSE)) {
+ if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - EM4305: FSK clock failed");
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ // demod
+ int ans = FSKrawDemod("0 0", FALSE);
+ if (!ans) {
+ if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - EM4305: FSK Demod failed");
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ return TRUE;
+}
+// PSK clocks should be easy to detect ( but difficult to demod a non-repeating pattern... )
+bool detectPSK(){
+ int ans = GetPskClock("", FALSE, FALSE);
+ if (ans <= 0) {
+ if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - EM4305: PSK clock failed");
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ PrintAndLog("PSK response possibly found, run `data rawd p1` to attempt to demod");
+ return TRUE;
+}
+// try manchester - NOTE: ST only applies to T55x7 tags.
+bool detectASK_MAN(){
+ bool stcheck = FALSE;
+ int ans = ASKDemod_ext("0 0 0", FALSE, FALSE, 1, &stcheck);
+ if (!ans) {
+ if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - EM4305: ASK/Manchester Demod failed");
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ return TRUE;
+}
+bool detectASK_BI(){
+ int ans = ASKbiphaseDemod("0 0 1", FALSE);
+ if (!ans) {
+ if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - EM4305: ASK/biphase normal demod failed");
+
+ ans = ASKbiphaseDemod("0 1 1", FALSE);
+ if (!ans) {
+ if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - EM4305: ASK/biphase inverted demod failed");
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ }
+ return TRUE;
+}
+
+// param: idx - start index in demoded data.
+int setDemodBufferEM(uint8_t bitsNeeded, size_t idx){
+ if ( bitsNeeded < DemodBufferLen) {
+ setDemodBuf(DemodBuffer + idx + EM_PREAMBLE_LEN, bitsNeeded, 0);
+ CmdPrintDemodBuff("x");
return 1;
}
+ return -1;
+}
+
+// FSK, PSK, ASK/MANCHESTER, ASK/BIPHASE, ASK/DIPHASE
+// should cover 90% of known used configs
+// the rest will need to be manually demoded for now...
+int demodEM4x05resp(uint8_t bitsNeeded) {
+ size_t startIdx = 0;
- PrintAndLog("Reading word %d with password %08X", Word, Password);
+ if (detectASK_MAN() && doPreambleSearch( &startIdx ))
+ return setDemodBufferEM(bitsNeeded, startIdx);
- c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
- c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
- c.arg[0] = 0;
- c.arg[1] = Word;
- c.arg[2] = Password;
- SendCommand(&c);
- return 0;
+ if (detectASK_BI() && doPreambleSearch( &startIdx ))
+ return setDemodBufferEM(bitsNeeded, startIdx);
+
+ if (detectFSK() && doPreambleSearch( &startIdx ))
+ return setDemodBufferEM(bitsNeeded, startIdx);
+
+ if (detectPSK() && doPreambleSearch( &startIdx ))
+ return setDemodBufferEM(bitsNeeded, startIdx);
+
+ return -1;
}
-int CmdWriteWord(const char *Cmd)
-{
- int Word = 16; //default to invalid block
- int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
- UsbCommand c;
-
- sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d", &Data, &Word);
+int CmdReadWord(const char *Cmd) {
+ int addr, pwd;
+ bool usePwd = false;
+ uint8_t ctmp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
+ if ( strlen(Cmd) == 0 || ctmp == 'H' || ctmp == 'h' ) return usage_lf_em_read();
+
+ addr = param_get8ex(Cmd, 0, -1, 10);
+ pwd = param_get32ex(Cmd, 1, -1, 16);
- if (Word > 15) {
- PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
+ if ( (addr > 15) || (addr < 0 ) || ( addr == -1) ) {
+ PrintAndLog("Address must be between 0 and 15");
return 1;
}
+ if ( pwd == -1 )
+ PrintAndLog("Reading address %d", addr);
+ else {
+ usePwd = true;
+ PrintAndLog("Reading address %d | password %08X", addr, pwd);
+ }
- PrintAndLog("Writing word %d with data %08X", Word, Data);
-
- c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
- c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
- c.arg[0] = Data;
- c.arg[1] = Word;
- c.arg[2] = 0;
+ UsbCommand c = {CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD, {addr, pwd, usePwd}};
+ clearCommandBuffer();
SendCommand(&c);
- return 0;
+ UsbCommand resp;
+ if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 2500)){
+ PrintAndLog("Command timed out");
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ if (!downloadSamplesEM())
+ return -1;
+
+ int testLen = (GraphTraceLen < 1000) ? GraphTraceLen : 1000;
+ if (graphJustNoise(GraphBuffer, testLen)) {
+ PrintAndLog("Tag not found");
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ //attempt demod:
+ //need 32 bits from a read word
+ int result = demodEM4x05resp(44);
+ if (result == -1)
+ PrintAndLog("Read failed");
+
+ return result;
}
-int CmdWriteWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
-{
- int Word = 16; //default to invalid word
- int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
- int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
- UsbCommand c;
+int CmdWriteWord(const char *Cmd) {
+ uint8_t ctmp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
+ if ( strlen(Cmd) == 0 || ctmp == 'H' || ctmp == 'h' ) return usage_lf_em_write();
+
+ bool usePwd = false;
+ int addr = 16; // default to invalid address
+ int data = 0xFFFFFFFF; // default to blank data
+ int pwd = 0xFFFFFFFF; // default to blank password
- sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d %x", &Data, &Word, &Password);
+ addr = param_get8ex(Cmd, 0, -1, 10);
+ data = param_get32ex(Cmd, 1, -1, 16);
+ pwd = param_get32ex(Cmd, 2, -1, 16);
- if (Word > 15) {
- PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
+ if ( (addr > 15) || (addr < 0 ) || ( addr == -1) ) {
+ PrintAndLog("Address must be between 0 and 15");
return 1;
}
+ if ( pwd == -1 )
+ PrintAndLog("Writing address %d data %08X", addr, data);
+ else {
+ usePwd = true;
+ PrintAndLog("Writing address %d data %08X using password %08X", addr, data, pwd);
+ }
- PrintAndLog("Writing word %d with data %08X and password %08X", Word, Data, Password);
+ uint16_t flag = (addr << 8 ) | usePwd;
- c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
- c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
- c.arg[0] = Data;
- c.arg[1] = Word;
- c.arg[2] = Password;
+ UsbCommand c = {CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD, {flag, data, pwd}};
+ clearCommandBuffer();
SendCommand(&c);
- return 0;
+ UsbCommand resp;
+ if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 1000)){
+ PrintAndLog("Error occurred, device did not respond during write operation.");
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ if (!downloadSamplesEM())
+ return -1;
+
+ //todo: check response for 00001010 then write data for write confirmation!
+
+ //attempt demod:
+ //need 0 bits demoded (after preamble) to verify write cmd
+ int result = demodEM4x05resp(0);
+ if (result == 1)
+ PrintAndLog("Write Verified");
+
+ return result;
}
-static command_t CommandTable[] =
-{
- {"help", CmdHelp, 1, "This help"},
- {"em410xdemod", CmdEMdemodASK, 0, "[findone] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag (option 0 for continuous loop, 1 for only 1 tag)"},
- {"em410xread", CmdEM410xRead, 1, "[clock rate] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag in GraphBuffer"},
- {"em410xsim", CmdEM410xSim, 0, "<UID> -- Simulate EM410x tag"},
- {"em410xwatch", CmdEM410xWatch, 0, "['h'] -- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags (option 'h' for 134)"},
- {"em410xspoof", CmdEM410xWatchnSpoof, 0, "['h'] --- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags, and replays them. (option 'h' for 134)" },
- {"em410xwrite", CmdEM410xWrite, 0, "<UID> <'0' T5555> <'1' T55x7> [clock rate] -- Write EM410x UID to T5555(Q5) or T55x7 tag, optionally setting clock rate"},
- {"em4x50read", CmdEM4x50Read, 1, "Extract data from EM4x50 tag"},
- {"readword", CmdReadWord, 1, "<Word> -- Read EM4xxx word data"},
- {"readwordPWD", CmdReadWordPWD, 1, "<Word> <Password> -- Read EM4xxx word data in password mode"},
- {"writeword", CmdWriteWord, 1, "<Data> <Word> -- Write EM4xxx word data"},
- {"writewordPWD", CmdWriteWordPWD, 1, "<Data> <Word> <Password> -- Write EM4xxx word data in password mode"},
+static command_t CommandTable[] = {
+ {"help", CmdHelp, 1, "This help"},
+ {"em410xdemod", CmdEMdemodASK, 0, "[findone] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag (option 0 for continuous loop, 1 for only 1 tag)"},
+ {"em410xread", CmdEM410xRead, 1, "[clock rate] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag in GraphBuffer"},
+ {"em410xsim", CmdEM410xSim, 0, "<UID> -- Simulate EM410x tag"},
+ {"em410xwatch", CmdEM410xWatch, 0, "['h'] -- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags (option 'h' for 134)"},
+ {"em410xspoof", CmdEM410xWatchnSpoof, 0, "['h'] --- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags, and replays them. (option 'h' for 134)" },
+ {"em410xwrite", CmdEM410xWrite, 0, "<UID> <'0' T5555> <'1' T55x7> [clock rate] -- Write EM410x UID to T5555(Q5) or T55x7 tag, optionally setting clock rate"},
+ {"em4x50read", CmdEM4x50Read, 1, "demod data from EM4x50 tag from the graphbuffer"},
+ {"readword", CmdReadWord, 1, "read EM4x05/4x69 data"},
+ {"writeword", CmdWriteWord, 1, "write EM405/4x69 data"},
{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};
-int CmdLFEM4X(const char *Cmd)
-{
+int CmdLFEM4X(const char *Cmd) {
+ clearCommandBuffer();
CmdsParse(CommandTable, Cmd);
return 0;
}
-int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd)
-{
+int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd) {
CmdsHelp(CommandTable);
return 0;
}
projects / proxmark3-svn / blobdiff