static int tracing = TRUE;
static uint32_t iso14a_timeout;
-// CARD TO READER
+// CARD TO READER - manchester
// Sequence D: 11110000 modulation with subcarrier during first half
// Sequence E: 00001111 modulation with subcarrier during second half
// Sequence F: 00000000 no modulation with subcarrier
-// READER TO CARD
+// READER TO CARD - miller
// Sequence X: 00001100 drop after half a period
// Sequence Y: 00000000 no drop
// Sequence Z: 11000000 drop at start
1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1
};
-// BIG CHANGE - UNDERSTAND THIS BEFORE WE COMMIT
-#define RECV_CMD_OFFSET 3032
-#define RECV_RES_OFFSET 3096
-#define DMA_BUFFER_OFFSET 3160
-#define DMA_BUFFER_SIZE 4096
-#define TRACE_LENGTH 3000
-
uint8_t trigger = 0;
void iso14a_set_trigger(int enable) {
trigger = enable;
}
+void iso14a_clear_tracelen(void) {
+ traceLen = 0;
+}
+void iso14a_set_tracing(int enable) {
+ tracing = enable;
+}
+
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Generate the parity value for a byte sequence
//
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Prepare tag messages
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-static void CodeIso14443aAsTag(const uint8_t *cmd, int len)
+static void CodeIso14443aAsTagPar(const uint8_t *cmd, int len, uint32_t dwParity)
{
- int i;
- int oddparity;
+ int i;
- ToSendReset();
+ ToSendReset();
// Correction bit, might be removed when not needed
ToSendStuffBit(0);
ToSendStuffBit(0);
ToSendStuffBit(0);
ToSendStuffBit(0);
-
+
// Send startbit
ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_D;
- for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
- int j;
- uint8_t b = cmd[i];
+ for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+ int j;
+ uint8_t b = cmd[i];
// Data bits
- oddparity = 0x01;
for(j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
- oddparity ^= (b & 1);
if(b & 1) {
ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_D;
} else {
ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_E;
- }
- b >>= 1;
- }
+ }
+ b >>= 1;
+ }
- // Parity bit
- if(oddparity) {
- ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_D;
+ // Get the parity bit
+ if ((dwParity >> i) & 0x01) {
+ ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_D;
} else {
ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_E;
}
- }
-
- // Send stopbit
- ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_F;
-
- // Flush the buffer in FPGA!!
- for(i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
- ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_F;
}
- // Convert from last byte pos to length
- ToSendMax++;
+ // Send stopbit
+ ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_F;
- // Add a few more for slop
- ToSend[ToSendMax++] = 0x00;
- ToSend[ToSendMax++] = 0x00;
- //ToSendMax += 2;
+ // Convert from last byte pos to length
+ ToSendMax++;
+}
+
+static void CodeIso14443aAsTag(const uint8_t *cmd, int len){
+ CodeIso14443aAsTagPar(cmd, len, GetParity(cmd, len));
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// This is to send a NACK kind of answer, its only 3 bits, I know it should be 4
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-static void CodeStrangeAnswer()
+static void CodeStrangeAnswerAsTag()
{
int i;
// Convert from last byte pos to length
ToSendMax++;
+}
+
+static void Code4bitAnswerAsTag(uint8_t cmd)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ ToSendReset();
+
+ // Correction bit, might be removed when not needed
+ ToSendStuffBit(0);
+ ToSendStuffBit(0);
+ ToSendStuffBit(0);
+ ToSendStuffBit(0);
+ ToSendStuffBit(1); // 1
+ ToSendStuffBit(0);
+ ToSendStuffBit(0);
+ ToSendStuffBit(0);
+
+ // Send startbit
+ ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_D;
+
+ uint8_t b = cmd;
+ for(i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+ if(b & 1) {
+ ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_D;
+ } else {
+ ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_E;
+ }
+ b >>= 1;
+ }
+
+ // Send stopbit
+ ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_F;
+
+ // Flush the buffer in FPGA!!
+ for(i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+ ToSend[++ToSendMax] = SEC_F;
+ }
- // Add a few more for slop
- ToSend[ToSendMax++] = 0x00;
- ToSend[ToSendMax++] = 0x00;
- //ToSendMax += 2;
+ // Convert from last byte pos to length
+ ToSendMax++;
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
}
}
+static int EmSendCmd14443aRaw(uint8_t *resp, int respLen, int correctionNeeded);
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Main loop of simulated tag: receive commands from reader, decide what
memcpy(resp3a, ToSend, ToSendMax); resp3aLen = ToSendMax;
// Strange answer is an example of rare message size (3 bits)
- CodeStrangeAnswer();
+ CodeStrangeAnswerAsTag();
memcpy(resp4, ToSend, ToSendMax); resp4Len = ToSendMax;
// Authentication answer (random nonce)
}
if(respLen <= 0) continue;
+ //----------------------------
+ u = 0;
+ b = 0x00;
+ fdt_indicator = FALSE;
- // Modulate Manchester
+ EmSendCmd14443aRaw(resp, respLen, receivedCmd[0] == 0x52);
+/* // Modulate Manchester
FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_MOD);
AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00;
FpgaSetupSsc();
break;
}
}
-
+*/
}
Dbprintf("%x %x %x", happened, happened2, cmdsRecvd);
ToSendMax++;
}
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Wait for commands from reader
+// Stop when button is pressed (return 1) or field was gone (return 2)
+// Or return 0 when command is captured
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+static int EmGetCmd(uint8_t *received, int *len, int maxLen)
+{
+ *len = 0;
+
+ uint32_t timer = 0, vtime = 0;
+ int analogCnt = 0;
+ int analogAVG = 0;
+
+ // Set FPGA mode to "simulated ISO 14443 tag", no modulation (listen
+ // only, since we are receiving, not transmitting).
+ // Signal field is off with the appropriate LED
+ LED_D_OFF();
+ FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN);
+
+ // Set ADC to read field strength
+ AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_SWRST;
+ AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_MR =
+ ADC_MODE_PRESCALE(32) |
+ ADC_MODE_STARTUP_TIME(16) |
+ ADC_MODE_SAMPLE_HOLD_TIME(8);
+ AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CHER = ADC_CHANNEL(ADC_CHAN_HF);
+ // start ADC
+ AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_START;
+
+ // Now run a 'software UART' on the stream of incoming samples.
+ Uart.output = received;
+ Uart.byteCntMax = maxLen;
+ Uart.state = STATE_UNSYNCD;
+
+ for(;;) {
+ WDT_HIT();
+
+ if (BUTTON_PRESS()) return 1;
+
+ // test if the field exists
+ if (AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_SR & ADC_END_OF_CONVERSION(ADC_CHAN_HF)) {
+ analogCnt++;
+ analogAVG += AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CDR[ADC_CHAN_HF];
+ AT91C_BASE_ADC->ADC_CR = AT91C_ADC_START;
+ if (analogCnt >= 32) {
+ if ((33000 * (analogAVG / analogCnt) >> 10) < MF_MINFIELDV) {
+ vtime = GetTickCount();
+ if (!timer) timer = vtime;
+ // 50ms no field --> card to idle state
+ if (vtime - timer > 50) return 2;
+ } else
+ if (timer) timer = 0;
+ analogCnt = 0;
+ analogAVG = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ // transmit none
+ if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
+ AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00;
+ }
+ // receive and test the miller decoding
+ if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) {
+ volatile uint8_t b = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
+ if(MillerDecoding((b & 0xf0) >> 4)) {
+ *len = Uart.byteCnt;
+ if (tracing) LogTrace(received, *len, GetDeltaCountUS(), Uart.parityBits, TRUE);
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if(MillerDecoding(b & 0x0f)) {
+ *len = Uart.byteCnt;
+ if (tracing) LogTrace(received, *len, GetDeltaCountUS(), Uart.parityBits, TRUE);
+ return 0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static int EmSendCmd14443aRaw(uint8_t *resp, int respLen, int correctionNeeded)
+{
+ int i, u = 0;
+ uint8_t b = 0;
+
+ // Modulate Manchester
+ FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_MOD);
+ AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00;
+ FpgaSetupSsc();
+
+ // include correction bit
+ i = 1;
+ if((Uart.parityBits & 0x01) || correctionNeeded) {
+ // 1236, so correction bit needed
+ i = 0;
+ }
+
+ // send cycle
+ for(;;) {
+ if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) {
+ volatile uint8_t b = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
+ (void)b;
+ }
+ if(AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
+ if(i > respLen) {
+ b = 0xff; // was 0x00
+ u++;
+ } else {
+ b = resp[i];
+ i++;
+ }
+ AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = b;
+
+ if(u > 4) break;
+ }
+ if(BUTTON_PRESS()) {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int EmSend4bitEx(uint8_t resp, int correctionNeeded){
+ Code4bitAnswerAsTag(resp);
+ int res = EmSendCmd14443aRaw(ToSend, ToSendMax, correctionNeeded);
+ if (tracing) LogTrace(&resp, 1, GetDeltaCountUS(), GetParity(&resp, 1), FALSE);
+ return res;
+}
+
+int EmSend4bit(uint8_t resp){
+ return EmSend4bitEx(resp, 0);
+}
+
+int EmSendCmdExPar(uint8_t *resp, int respLen, int correctionNeeded, uint32_t par){
+ CodeIso14443aAsTagPar(resp, respLen, par);
+ int res = EmSendCmd14443aRaw(ToSend, ToSendMax, correctionNeeded);
+ if (tracing) LogTrace(resp, respLen, GetDeltaCountUS(), par, FALSE);
+ return res;
+}
+
+int EmSendCmdEx(uint8_t *resp, int respLen, int correctionNeeded){
+ return EmSendCmdExPar(resp, respLen, correctionNeeded, GetParity(resp, respLen));
+}
+
+int EmSendCmd(uint8_t *resp, int respLen){
+ return EmSendCmdExPar(resp, respLen, 0, GetParity(resp, respLen));
+}
+
+int EmSendCmdPar(uint8_t *resp, int respLen, uint32_t par){
+ return EmSendCmdExPar(resp, respLen, 0, par);
+}
+
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Wait a certain time for tag response
// If a response is captured return TRUE
tracing = FALSE;
byte_t nt[4] = {0,0,0,0};
- byte_t nt_attacked[4];
+ byte_t nt_attacked[4], nt_noattack[4];
byte_t par_list[8] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
byte_t ks_list[8] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
- num_to_bytes(parameter, 4, nt_attacked);
+ num_to_bytes(parameter, 4, nt_noattack);
int isOK = 0, isNULL = 0;
-
+
while(TRUE)
{
LED_C_ON();
// Receive 4 bit answer
if (ReaderReceive(receivedAnswer))
{
+ if ( (parameter != 0) && (memcmp(nt, nt_noattack, 4) == 0) ) continue;
+
isNULL = (nt_attacked[0] = 0) && (nt_attacked[1] = 0) && (nt_attacked[2] = 0) && (nt_attacked[3] = 0);
if ( (isNULL != 0 ) && (memcmp(nt, nt_attacked, 4) != 0) ) continue;
LEDsoff();
tracing = TRUE;
-// DbpString("COMMAND mifare FINISHED");
+ if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) DbpString("COMMAND mifare FINISHED");
}
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Select, Authenticaate, Read an MIFARE tag.
-// read block
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-void MifareReadBlock(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain)
-{
- // params
- uint8_t blockNo = arg0;
- uint8_t keyType = arg1;
- uint64_t ui64Key = 0;
- ui64Key = bytes_to_num(datain, 6);
-
- // variables
- byte_t isOK = 0;
- byte_t dataoutbuf[16];
- uint8_t uid[8];
- uint32_t cuid;
- struct Crypto1State mpcs = {0, 0};
- struct Crypto1State *pcs;
- pcs = &mpcs;
-
- // clear trace
- traceLen = 0;
-// tracing = false;
-
- iso14443a_setup();
-
- LED_A_ON();
- LED_B_OFF();
- LED_C_OFF();
-
- while (true) {
- if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) {
- Dbprintf("Can't select card");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_auth(pcs, cuid, blockNo, keyType, ui64Key, AUTH_FIRST)) {
- Dbprintf("Auth error");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_readblock(pcs, cuid, blockNo, dataoutbuf)) {
- Dbprintf("Read block error");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_halt(pcs, cuid)) {
- Dbprintf("Halt error");
- break;
- };
-
- isOK = 1;
- break;
- }
-
- // ----------------------------- crypto1 destroy
- crypto1_destroy(pcs);
-
-// DbpString("READ BLOCK FINISHED");
-
- // add trace trailer
- uid[0] = 0xff;
- uid[1] = 0xff;
- uid[2] = 0xff;
- uid[3] = 0xff;
- LogTrace(uid, 4, 0, 0, TRUE);
-
- UsbCommand ack = {CMD_ACK, {isOK, 0, 0}};
- memcpy(ack.d.asBytes, dataoutbuf, 16);
-
- LED_B_ON();
- UsbSendPacket((uint8_t *)&ack, sizeof(UsbCommand));
- LED_B_OFF();
-
-
- // Thats it...
- FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
- LEDsoff();
-// tracing = TRUE;
-
-}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Select, Authenticaate, Read an MIFARE tag.
-// read sector (data = 4 x 16 bytes = 64 bytes)
+// MIFARE 1K simulate.
+//
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-void MifareReadSector(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain)
+void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain)
{
- // params
- uint8_t sectorNo = arg0;
- uint8_t keyType = arg1;
- uint64_t ui64Key = 0;
- ui64Key = bytes_to_num(datain, 6);
-
- // variables
- byte_t isOK = 0;
- byte_t dataoutbuf[16 * 4];
- uint8_t uid[8];
- uint32_t cuid;
+ int cardSTATE = MFEMUL_NOFIELD;
+ int _7BUID = 0;
+ int vHf = 0; // in mV
+ int nextCycleTimeout = 0;
+ int res;
+// uint32_t timer = 0;
+ uint32_t selTimer = 0;
+ uint32_t authTimer = 0;
+ uint32_t par = 0;
+ int len = 0;
+ uint8_t cardWRBL = 0;
+ uint8_t cardAUTHSC = 0;
+ uint8_t cardAUTHKEY = 0xff; // no authentication
+ uint32_t cardRn = 0;
+ uint32_t cardRr = 0;
+ uint32_t cuid = 0;
+ uint32_t rn_enc = 0;
+ uint32_t ans = 0;
+ uint32_t cardINTREG = 0;
+ uint8_t cardINTBLOCK = 0;
struct Crypto1State mpcs = {0, 0};
struct Crypto1State *pcs;
pcs = &mpcs;
-
- // clear trace
- traceLen = 0;
-// tracing = false;
-
- iso14443a_setup();
-
- LED_A_ON();
- LED_B_OFF();
- LED_C_OFF();
-
- while (true) {
- if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) {
- Dbprintf("Can't select card");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_auth(pcs, cuid, sectorNo * 4, keyType, ui64Key, AUTH_FIRST)) {
- Dbprintf("Auth error");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_readblock(pcs, cuid, sectorNo * 4 + 0, dataoutbuf + 16 * 0)) {
- Dbprintf("Read block 0 error");
- break;
- };
- if(mifare_classic_readblock(pcs, cuid, sectorNo * 4 + 1, dataoutbuf + 16 * 1)) {
- Dbprintf("Read block 1 error");
- break;
- };
- if(mifare_classic_readblock(pcs, cuid, sectorNo * 4 + 2, dataoutbuf + 16 * 2)) {
- Dbprintf("Read block 2 error");
- break;
- };
- if(mifare_classic_readblock(pcs, cuid, sectorNo * 4 + 3, dataoutbuf + 16 * 3)) {
- Dbprintf("Read block 3 error");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_halt(pcs, cuid)) {
- Dbprintf("Halt error");
- break;
- };
-
- isOK = 1;
- break;
- }
- // ----------------------------- crypto1 destroy
- crypto1_destroy(pcs);
-
-// DbpString("READ BLOCK FINISHED");
-
- // add trace trailer
- uid[0] = 0xff;
- uid[1] = 0xff;
- uid[2] = 0xff;
- uid[3] = 0xff;
- LogTrace(uid, 4, 0, 0, TRUE);
-
- UsbCommand ack = {CMD_ACK, {isOK, 0, 0}};
- memcpy(ack.d.asBytes, dataoutbuf, 16 * 2);
-
- LED_B_ON();
- UsbSendPacket((uint8_t *)&ack, sizeof(UsbCommand));
-
- SpinDelay(100);
+ uint8_t* receivedCmd = eml_get_bigbufptr_recbuf();
+ uint8_t *response = eml_get_bigbufptr_sendbuf();
- memcpy(ack.d.asBytes, dataoutbuf + 16 * 2, 16 * 2);
- UsbSendPacket((uint8_t *)&ack, sizeof(UsbCommand));
- LED_B_OFF();
-
- // Thats it...
- FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
- LEDsoff();
-// tracing = TRUE;
-
-}
+ static uint8_t rATQA[] = {0x04, 0x00}; // Mifare classic 1k 4BUID
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Select, Authenticaate, Read an MIFARE tag.
-// read block
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-void MifareWriteBlock(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain)
-{
- // params
- uint8_t blockNo = arg0;
- uint8_t keyType = arg1;
- uint64_t ui64Key = 0;
- byte_t blockdata[16];
-
- ui64Key = bytes_to_num(datain, 6);
- memcpy(blockdata, datain + 10, 16);
-
- // variables
- byte_t isOK = 0;
- uint8_t uid[8];
- uint32_t cuid;
- struct Crypto1State mpcs = {0, 0};
- struct Crypto1State *pcs;
- pcs = &mpcs;
-
- // clear trace
- traceLen = 0;
-// tracing = false;
-
- iso14443a_setup();
-
- LED_A_ON();
- LED_B_OFF();
- LED_C_OFF();
-
- while (true) {
- if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) {
- Dbprintf("Can't select card");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_auth(pcs, cuid, blockNo, keyType, ui64Key, AUTH_FIRST)) {
- Dbprintf("Auth error");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_writeblock(pcs, cuid, blockNo, blockdata)) {
- Dbprintf("Write block error");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_halt(pcs, cuid)) {
- Dbprintf("Halt error");
- break;
- };
+ static uint8_t rUIDBCC1[] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xaf, 0x62};
+ static uint8_t rUIDBCC2[] = {0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xaf, 0x62}; // !!!
- isOK = 1;
- break;
- }
-
- // ----------------------------- crypto1 destroy
- crypto1_destroy(pcs);
-
-// DbpString("WRITE BLOCK FINISHED");
+ static uint8_t rSAK[] = {0x08, 0xb6, 0xdd};
+ static uint8_t rSAK1[] = {0x04, 0xda, 0x17};
- // add trace trailer
- uid[0] = 0xff;
- uid[1] = 0xff;
- uid[2] = 0xff;
- uid[3] = 0xff;
- LogTrace(uid, 4, 0, 0, TRUE);
-
- UsbCommand ack = {CMD_ACK, {isOK, 0, 0}};
-
- LED_B_ON();
- UsbSendPacket((uint8_t *)&ack, sizeof(UsbCommand));
- LED_B_OFF();
-
-
- // Thats it...
- FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
- LEDsoff();
-// tracing = TRUE;
-
-}
-
-// Return 1 if the nonce is invalid else return 0
-int valid_nonce(uint32_t Nt, uint32_t NtEnc, uint32_t Ks1, byte_t * parity) {
- return ((oddparity((Nt >> 24) & 0xFF) == ((parity[0]) ^ oddparity((NtEnc >> 24) & 0xFF) ^ BIT(Ks1,16))) & \
- (oddparity((Nt >> 16) & 0xFF) == ((parity[1]) ^ oddparity((NtEnc >> 16) & 0xFF) ^ BIT(Ks1,8))) & \
- (oddparity((Nt >> 8) & 0xFF) == ((parity[2]) ^ oddparity((NtEnc >> 8) & 0xFF) ^ BIT(Ks1,0)))) ? 1 : 0;
-}
-
-
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// MIFARE nested authentication.
-//
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-void MifareNested(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain)
-{
- // params
- uint8_t blockNo = arg0;
- uint8_t keyType = arg1;
- uint64_t ui64Key = 0;
-
- ui64Key = bytes_to_num(datain, 6);
-
- // variables
- uint8_t targetBlockNo = blockNo + 1;
- uint8_t targetKeyType = keyType;
- int rtr, i, j, m, len;
- int davg, dmin, dmax;
- uint8_t uid[8];
- uint32_t cuid, nt1, nt2, nttmp, nttest, par, ks1;
- uint8_t par_array[4];
- nestedVector nvector[3][10];
- int nvectorcount[3] = {10, 10, 10};
- int ncount = 0;
- UsbCommand ack = {CMD_ACK, {0, 0, 0}};
- struct Crypto1State mpcs = {0, 0};
- struct Crypto1State *pcs;
- pcs = &mpcs;
- uint8_t* receivedAnswer = mifare_get_bigbufptr();
+ static uint8_t rAUTH_NT[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04};
+// static uint8_t rAUTH_NT[] = {0x1a, 0xac, 0xff, 0x4f};
+ static uint8_t rAUTH_AT[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
// clear trace
traceLen = 0;
- tracing = false;
+ tracing = true;
- iso14443a_setup();
-
- LED_A_ON();
- LED_B_ON();
- LED_C_OFF();
-
- FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
- SpinDelay(200);
+ // Authenticate response - nonce
+ uint32_t nonce = bytes_to_num(rAUTH_NT, 4);
- davg = dmax = 0;
- dmin = 2000;
-
- // test nonce distance
- for (rtr = 0; rtr < 10; rtr++) {
- FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
- SpinDelay(100);
- FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD);
-
- // Test if the action was cancelled
- if(BUTTON_PRESS()) {
- break;
- }
-
- if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) {
- Dbprintf("Can't select card");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_authex(pcs, cuid, blockNo, keyType, ui64Key, AUTH_FIRST, &nt1)) {
- Dbprintf("Auth1 error");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_authex(pcs, cuid, blockNo, keyType, ui64Key, AUTH_NESTED, &nt2)) {
- Dbprintf("Auth2 error");
- break;
- };
-
- nttmp = prng_successor(nt1, 500);
- for (i = 501; i < 2000; i++) {
- nttmp = prng_successor(nttmp, 1);
- if (nttmp == nt2) break;
- }
-
- if (i != 2000) {
- davg += i;
- if (dmin > i) dmin = i;
- if (dmax < i) dmax = i;
-// Dbprintf("r=%d nt1=%08x nt2=%08x distance=%d", rtr, nt1, nt2, i);
- }
+ // get UID from emul memory
+ emlGetMemBt(receivedCmd, 7, 1);
+ _7BUID = !(receivedCmd[0] == 0x00);
+ if (!_7BUID) { // ---------- 4BUID
+ rATQA[0] = 0x04;
+
+ emlGetMemBt(rUIDBCC1, 0, 4);
+ rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
+ } else { // ---------- 7BUID
+ rATQA[0] = 0x44;
+
+ rUIDBCC1[0] = 0x88;
+ emlGetMemBt(&rUIDBCC1[1], 0, 3);
+ rUIDBCC1[4] = rUIDBCC1[0] ^ rUIDBCC1[1] ^ rUIDBCC1[2] ^ rUIDBCC1[3];
+ emlGetMemBt(rUIDBCC2, 3, 4);
+ rUIDBCC2[4] = rUIDBCC2[0] ^ rUIDBCC2[1] ^ rUIDBCC2[2] ^ rUIDBCC2[3];
}
-
- if (rtr == 0) return;
-
- davg = davg / rtr;
- Dbprintf("distance: min=%d max=%d avg=%d", dmin, dmax, davg);
- LED_B_OFF();
+// -------------------------------------- test area
- tracing = true;
-
- LED_C_ON();
+// -------------------------------------- END test area
+ // start mkseconds counter
+ StartCountUS();
- // get crypted nonces for target sector
- for (rtr = 0; rtr < 2; rtr++) {
-// Dbprintf("------------------------------");
-
- FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
- SpinDelay(100);
- FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD);
+ // We need to listen to the high-frequency, peak-detected path.
+ SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD);
+ FpgaSetupSsc();
- // Test if the action was cancelled
- if(BUTTON_PRESS()) {
- break;
- }
+ FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_TAGSIM_LISTEN);
+ SpinDelay(200);
- if(!iso14443a_select_card(uid, NULL, &cuid)) {
- Dbprintf("Can't select card");
- break;
- };
-
- if(mifare_classic_authex(pcs, cuid, blockNo, keyType, ui64Key, AUTH_FIRST, &nt1)) {
- Dbprintf("Auth1 error");
- break;
- };
+ if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) Dbprintf("Started. 7buid=%d", _7BUID);
+ // calibrate mkseconds counter
+ GetDeltaCountUS();
+ while (true) {
+ WDT_HIT();
- // nested authentication
- len = mifare_sendcmd_shortex(pcs, AUTH_NESTED, 0x60 + (targetKeyType & 0x01), targetBlockNo, receivedAnswer, &par);
- if (len != 4) {
- Dbprintf("Auth2 error len=%d", len);
+ if(BUTTON_PRESS()) {
break;
- };
-
- nt2 = bytes_to_num(receivedAnswer, 4);
-// Dbprintf("r=%d nt1=%08x nt2enc=%08x nt2par=%08x", rtr, nt1, nt2, par);
-
-// ----------------------- test
-/* uint32_t d_nt, d_ks1, d_ks2, d_ks3, reader_challenge;
- byte_t ar[4];
-
- ar[0] = 0x55;
- ar[1] = 0x41;
- ar[2] = 0x49;
- ar[3] = 0x92;
-
- crypto1_destroy(pcs);
- crypto1_create(pcs, ui64Key);
-
- // decrypt nt with help of new key
- d_nt = crypto1_word(pcs, nt2 ^ cuid, 1) ^ nt2;
-
- reader_challenge = d_nt;//(uint32_t)bytes_to_num(ar, 4);
- d_ks1 = crypto1_word(pcs, reader_challenge, 0);
- d_ks2 = crypto1_word(pcs, 0, 0);
- d_ks3 = crypto1_word(pcs, 0,0);
-
- Dbprintf("TST: ks1=%08x nt=%08x", d_ks1, d_nt);*/
-// ----------------------- test
-
- // Parity validity check
- for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
- par_array[i] = (oddparity(receivedAnswer[i]) != ((par & 0x08) >> 3));
- par = par << 1;
}
-
- ncount = 0;
- for (m = dmin - 10; m < dmax + 10; m++) {
- nttest = prng_successor(nt1, m);
- ks1 = nt2 ^ nttest;
-
-//-------------------------------------- test
-/* if (nttest == d_nt){
- Dbprintf("nttest=d_nt! m=%d ks1=%08x nttest=%08x", m, ks1, nttest);
- }*/
-//-------------------------------------- test
- if (valid_nonce(nttest, nt2, ks1, par_array) && (ncount < 11)){
-
- nvector[2][ncount].nt = nttest;
- nvector[2][ncount].ks1 = ks1;
- ncount++;
- nvectorcount[2] = ncount;
-
-// Dbprintf("valid m=%d ks1=%08x nttest=%08x", m, ks1, nttest);
- }
- }
-
- // select vector with length less than got
- if (nvectorcount[2] != 0) {
- m = 2;
- if (nvectorcount[2] < nvectorcount[1]) m = 1;
- if (nvectorcount[2] < nvectorcount[0]) m = 0;
- if (m != 2) {
- for (i = 0; i < nvectorcount[m]; i++) {
- nvector[m][i] = nvector[2][i];
- }
- nvectorcount[m] = nvectorcount[2];
+ // find reader field
+ // Vref = 3300mV, and an 10:1 voltage divider on the input
+ // can measure voltages up to 33000 mV
+ if (cardSTATE == MFEMUL_NOFIELD) {
+ vHf = (33000 * AvgAdc(ADC_CHAN_HF)) >> 10;
+ if (vHf > MF_MINFIELDV) {
+ cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
+ LED_A_ON();
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (cardSTATE != MFEMUL_NOFIELD) {
+ res = EmGetCmd(receivedCmd, &len, 100); // (+ nextCycleTimeout)
+ if (res == 2) {
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_NOFIELD;
+ LEDsoff();
+ continue;
}
+ if(res) break;
}
-// Dbprintf("vector count: 1=%d 2=%d 3=%d", nvectorcount[0], nvectorcount[1], nvectorcount[2]);
- }
-
- LED_C_OFF();
-
-
- // ----------------------------- crypto1 destroy
- crypto1_destroy(pcs);
-
- // add trace trailer
- uid[0] = 0xff;
- uid[1] = 0xff;
- uid[2] = 0xff;
- uid[3] = 0xff;
- LogTrace(uid, 4, 0, 0, TRUE);
-
- for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
- for (j = 0; j < nvectorcount[i]; j += 5) {
- ncount = nvectorcount[i] - j;
- if (ncount > 5) ncount = 5;
-
- ack.arg[0] = 0; // isEOF = 0
- ack.arg[1] = ncount;
- ack.arg[2] = targetBlockNo + (targetKeyType * 0x100);
- memset(ack.d.asBytes, 0x00, sizeof(ack.d.asBytes));
-
- memcpy(ack.d.asBytes, &cuid, 4);
- for (m = 0; m < ncount; m++) {
- memcpy(ack.d.asBytes + 8 + m * 8 + 0, &nvector[i][m + j].nt, 4);
- memcpy(ack.d.asBytes + 8 + m * 8 + 4, &nvector[i][m + j].ks1, 4);
+ nextCycleTimeout = 0;
+
+// if (len) Dbprintf("len:%d cmd: %02x %02x %02x %02x", len, receivedCmd[0], receivedCmd[1], receivedCmd[2], receivedCmd[3]);
+
+ if (len != 4 && cardSTATE != MFEMUL_NOFIELD) { // len != 4 <---- speed up the code 4 authentication
+ // REQ or WUP request in ANY state and WUP in HALTED state
+ if (len == 1 && ((receivedCmd[0] == 0x26 && cardSTATE != MFEMUL_HALTED) || receivedCmd[0] == 0x52)) {
+ selTimer = GetTickCount();
+ EmSendCmdEx(rATQA, sizeof(rATQA), (receivedCmd[0] == 0x52));
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_SELECT1;
+
+ // init crypto block
+ LED_B_OFF();
+ LED_C_OFF();
+ crypto1_destroy(pcs);
+ cardAUTHKEY = 0xff;
}
-
- LED_B_ON();
- SpinDelay(100);
- UsbSendPacket((uint8_t *)&ack, sizeof(UsbCommand));
- LED_B_OFF();
}
- }
-
- // finalize list
- ack.arg[0] = 1; // isEOF = 1
- ack.arg[1] = 0;
- ack.arg[2] = 0;
- memset(ack.d.asBytes, 0x00, sizeof(ack.d.asBytes));
-
- LED_B_ON();
- SpinDelay(300);
- UsbSendPacket((uint8_t *)&ack, sizeof(UsbCommand));
- LED_B_OFF();
-
- DbpString("NESTED FINISHED");
-
- // Thats it...
- FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
- LEDsoff();
-// tracing = TRUE;
-
-}
-
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// MIFARE 1K simulate.
-//
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-void Mifare1ksim(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t arg1, uint8_t arg2, uint8_t *datain)
-{
- int cardSTATE = MFEMUL_NOFIELD;
-
- while (true) {
-
- if(BUTTON_PRESS()) {
- break;
- }
-
+
switch (cardSTATE) {
case MFEMUL_NOFIELD:{
break;
}
+ case MFEMUL_HALTED:{
+ break;
+ }
case MFEMUL_IDLE:{
break;
}
case MFEMUL_SELECT1:{
+ // select all
+ if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x93 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {
+ EmSendCmd(rUIDBCC1, sizeof(rUIDBCC1));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // select card
+ if (len == 9 &&
+ (receivedCmd[0] == 0x93 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC1, 4) == 0)) {
+ if (!_7BUID)
+ EmSendCmd(rSAK, sizeof(rSAK));
+ else
+ EmSendCmd(rSAK1, sizeof(rSAK1));
+
+ cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC1, 4);
+ if (!_7BUID) {
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+ LED_B_ON();
+ if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4) Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol1 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+ break;
+ } else {
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_SELECT2;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
break;
}
case MFEMUL_SELECT2:{
- break;
+ if (!len) break;
+
+ if (len == 2 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x95 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x20)) {
+ EmSendCmd(rUIDBCC2, sizeof(rUIDBCC2));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // select 2 card
+ if (len == 9 &&
+ (receivedCmd[0] == 0x95 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x70 && memcmp(&receivedCmd[2], rUIDBCC2, 4) == 0)) {
+ EmSendCmd(rSAK, sizeof(rSAK));
+
+ cuid = bytes_to_num(rUIDBCC2, 4);
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+ LED_B_ON();
+ if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4) Dbprintf("--> WORK. anticol2 time: %d", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // i guess there is a command). go into the work state.
+ if (len != 4) break;
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+ goto lbWORK;
}
case MFEMUL_AUTH1:{
- break;
+ if (len == 8) {
+ // --- crypto
+ rn_enc = bytes_to_num(receivedCmd, 4);
+ cardRn = rn_enc ^ crypto1_word(pcs, rn_enc , 1);
+ cardRr = bytes_to_num(&receivedCmd[4], 4) ^ crypto1_word(pcs, 0, 0);
+ // test if auth OK
+ if (cardRr != prng_successor(nonce, 64)){
+ if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4) Dbprintf("AUTH FAILED. cardRr=%08x, succ=%08x", cardRr, prng_successor(nonce, 64));
+ cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
+ break;
+ }
+ ans = prng_successor(nonce, 96) ^ crypto1_word(pcs, 0, 0);
+ num_to_bytes(ans, 4, rAUTH_AT);
+ // --- crypto
+ EmSendCmd(rAUTH_AT, sizeof(rAUTH_AT));
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_AUTH2;
+ } else {
+ cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
+ }
+ if (cardSTATE != MFEMUL_AUTH2) break;
}
case MFEMUL_AUTH2:{
+ LED_C_ON();
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+ if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4) Dbprintf("AUTH COMPLETED. sec=%d, key=%d time=%d", cardAUTHSC, cardAUTHKEY, GetTickCount() - authTimer);
break;
}
- case MFEMUL_HALTED:{
+ case MFEMUL_WORK:{
+lbWORK: if (len == 0) break;
+
+ if (cardAUTHKEY == 0xff) {
+ // first authentication
+ if (len == 4 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x60 || receivedCmd[0] == 0x61)) {
+ authTimer = GetTickCount();
+
+ cardAUTHSC = receivedCmd[1] / 4; // received block num
+ cardAUTHKEY = receivedCmd[0] - 0x60;
+
+ // --- crypto
+ crypto1_create(pcs, emlGetKey(cardAUTHSC, cardAUTHKEY));
+ ans = nonce ^ crypto1_word(pcs, cuid ^ nonce, 0);
+ num_to_bytes(nonce, 4, rAUTH_AT);
+ EmSendCmd(rAUTH_AT, sizeof(rAUTH_AT));
+ // --- crypto
+
+// last working revision
+// EmSendCmd14443aRaw(resp1, resp1Len, 0);
+// LogTrace(NULL, 0, GetDeltaCountUS(), 0, true);
+
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_AUTH1;
+ nextCycleTimeout = 10;
+ break;
+ }
+ } else {
+ // decrypt seqence
+ mf_crypto1_decrypt(pcs, receivedCmd, len);
+
+ // nested authentication
+ if (len == 4 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x60 || receivedCmd[0] == 0x61)) {
+ authTimer = GetTickCount();
+
+ cardAUTHSC = receivedCmd[1] / 4; // received block num
+ cardAUTHKEY = receivedCmd[0] - 0x60;
+
+ // --- crypto
+ crypto1_create(pcs, emlGetKey(cardAUTHSC, cardAUTHKEY));
+ ans = nonce ^ crypto1_word(pcs, cuid ^ nonce, 0);
+ num_to_bytes(ans, 4, rAUTH_AT);
+ EmSendCmd(rAUTH_AT, sizeof(rAUTH_AT));
+ // --- crypto
+
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_AUTH1;
+ nextCycleTimeout = 10;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // rule 13 of 7.5.3. in ISO 14443-4. chaining shall be continued
+ // BUT... ACK --> NACK
+ if (len == 1 && receivedCmd[0] == CARD_ACK) {
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // rule 12 of 7.5.3. in ISO 14443-4. R(NAK) --> R(ACK)
+ if (len == 1 && receivedCmd[0] == CARD_NACK_NA) {
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_ACK));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // read block
+ if (len == 4 && receivedCmd[0] == 0x30) {
+ if (receivedCmd[1] >= 16 * 4 || receivedCmd[1] / 4 != cardAUTHSC) {
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+ break;
+ }
+ emlGetMem(response, receivedCmd[1], 1);
+ AppendCrc14443a(response, 16);
+ mf_crypto1_encrypt(pcs, response, 18, &par);
+ EmSendCmdPar(response, 18, par);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // write block
+ if (len == 4 && receivedCmd[0] == 0xA0) {
+ if (receivedCmd[1] >= 16 * 4 || receivedCmd[1] / 4 != cardAUTHSC) {
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+ break;
+ }
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_ACK));
+ nextCycleTimeout = 50;
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WRITEBL2;
+ cardWRBL = receivedCmd[1];
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // works with cardINTREG
+
+ // increment, decrement, restore
+ if (len == 4 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0xC0 || receivedCmd[0] == 0xC1 || receivedCmd[0] == 0xC2)) {
+ if (receivedCmd[1] >= 16 * 4 ||
+ receivedCmd[1] / 4 != cardAUTHSC ||
+ emlCheckValBl(receivedCmd[1])) {
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+ break;
+ }
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_ACK));
+ if (receivedCmd[0] == 0xC1)
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_INTREG_INC;
+ if (receivedCmd[0] == 0xC0)
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_INTREG_DEC;
+ if (receivedCmd[0] == 0xC2)
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_INTREG_REST;
+ cardWRBL = receivedCmd[1];
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+
+ // transfer
+ if (len == 4 && receivedCmd[0] == 0xB0) {
+ if (receivedCmd[1] >= 16 * 4 || receivedCmd[1] / 4 != cardAUTHSC) {
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (emlSetValBl(cardINTREG, cardINTBLOCK, receivedCmd[1]))
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+ else
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_ACK));
+
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // halt
+ if (len == 4 && (receivedCmd[0] == 0x50 && receivedCmd[1] == 0x00)) {
+ LED_B_OFF();
+ LED_C_OFF();
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_HALTED;
+ if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 4) Dbprintf("--> HALTED. Selected time: %d ms", GetTickCount() - selTimer);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // command not allowed
+ if (len == 4) {
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // case break
+ break;
+ }
+ case MFEMUL_WRITEBL2:{
+ if (len == 18){
+ mf_crypto1_decrypt(pcs, receivedCmd, len);
+ emlSetMem(receivedCmd, cardWRBL, 1);
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_ACK));
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+ break;
+ } else {
+ cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
+ break;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case MFEMUL_INTREG_INC:{
+ mf_crypto1_decrypt(pcs, receivedCmd, len);
+ memcpy(&ans, receivedCmd, 4);
+ if (emlGetValBl(&cardINTREG, &cardINTBLOCK, cardWRBL)) {
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+ cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
+ break;
+ }
+ cardINTREG = cardINTREG + ans;
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+ break;
+ }
+ case MFEMUL_INTREG_DEC:{
+ mf_crypto1_decrypt(pcs, receivedCmd, len);
+ memcpy(&ans, receivedCmd, 4);
+ if (emlGetValBl(&cardINTREG, &cardINTBLOCK, cardWRBL)) {
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+ cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
+ break;
+ }
+ cardINTREG = cardINTREG - ans;
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
+ break;
+ }
+ case MFEMUL_INTREG_REST:{
+ mf_crypto1_decrypt(pcs, receivedCmd, len);
+ memcpy(&ans, receivedCmd, 4);
+ if (emlGetValBl(&cardINTREG, &cardINTBLOCK, cardWRBL)) {
+ EmSend4bit(mf_crypto1_encrypt4bit(pcs, CARD_NACK_NA));
+ cardSTATE_TO_IDLE();
+ break;
+ }
+ cardSTATE = MFEMUL_WORK;
break;
}
}
+ FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
+ LEDsoff();
+
+ // add trace trailer
+ memset(rAUTH_NT, 0x44, 4);
+ LogTrace(rAUTH_NT, 4, 0, 0, TRUE);
+
+ if (MF_DBGLEVEL >= 1) Dbprintf("Emulator stopped. Tracing: %d trace length: %d ", tracing, traceLen);
}