]> cvs.zerfleddert.de Git - proxmark3-svn/blobdiff - armsrc/iclass.c
iso14443b: trying to approach iClass
[proxmark3-svn] / armsrc / iclass.c
index 23701540f1c50f0f29a1b16a010640ab96203524..392271bdbef131bb138698bd79b935ba2cfb4708 100644 (file)
 #include "usb_cdc.h" // for usb_poll_validate_length
 #include "fpgaloader.h"
 
-static int timeout = 4096;
+// iCLASS has a slightly different timing compared to ISO15693. According to the picopass data sheet the tag response is expected 330us after
+// the reader command. This is measured from end of reader EOF to first modulation of the tag's SOF which starts with a 56,64us unmodulated period.
+// 330us = 140 ssp_clk cycles @ 423,75kHz when simulating.
+// 56,64us = 24 ssp_clk_cycles
+#define DELAY_ICLASS_VCD_TO_VICC_SIM     (140 - 24)
+// times in ssp_clk_cycles @ 3,3625MHz when acting as reader
+#define DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER         DELAY_ISO15693_VICC_TO_VCD_READER
+// times in samples @ 212kHz when acting as reader
+#define ICLASS_READER_TIMEOUT_ACTALL     330 // 1558us, nominal 330us + 7slots*160us = 1450us         
+#define ICLASS_READER_TIMEOUT_OTHERS      80 // 380us, nominal 330us
+
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // The software UART that receives commands from the reader, and its state
@@ -691,7 +701,7 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIClass(void) {
                                //if (!LogTrace(NULL, 0, Uart.endTime*16 - DELAY_READER_AIR2ARM_AS_SNIFFER, 0, true)) break;
                                uint8_t parity[MAX_PARITY_SIZE];
                                GetParity(Uart.output, Uart.byteCnt, parity);
-                               LogTrace(Uart.output, Uart.byteCnt, time_start, time_stop, parity, true);
+                               LogTrace_ISO15693(Uart.output, Uart.byteCnt, time_start*32, time_stop*32, parity, true);
 
                                /* And ready to receive another command. */
                                Uart.state = STATE_UNSYNCD;
@@ -716,7 +726,7 @@ void RAMFUNC SnoopIClass(void) {
 
                                uint8_t parity[MAX_PARITY_SIZE];
                                GetParity(Demod.output, Demod.len, parity);
-                               LogTrace(Demod.output, Demod.len, time_start, time_stop, parity, false);
+                               LogTrace_ISO15693(Demod.output, Demod.len, time_start*32, time_stop*32, parity, false);
 
                                // And ready to receive another response.
                                memset(&Demod, 0, sizeof(Demod));
@@ -758,15 +768,8 @@ void rotateCSN(uint8_t* originalCSN, uint8_t* rotatedCSN) {
 
 // Encode SOF only
 static void CodeIClassTagSOF() {
-       //So far a dummy implementation, not used
-       //int lastProxToAirDuration =0;
-
        ToSendReset();
-       // Send SOF
        ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0x1D;
-//  lastProxToAirDuration  = 8*ToSendMax - 3*8;//Not counting zeroes in the beginning
-
-       // Convert from last byte pos to length
        ToSendMax++;
 }
 
@@ -783,15 +786,20 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
        // free eventually allocated BigBuf memory
        BigBuf_free_keep_EM();
 
-       State cipher_state;
+       uint16_t page_size = 32 * 8;
+       uint8_t current_page = 0;
+
+       // maintain cipher states for both credit and debit key for each page
+       State cipher_state_KC[8];
+       State cipher_state_KD[8];
+       State *cipher_state = &cipher_state_KD[0];
 
        uint8_t *emulator = BigBuf_get_EM_addr();
        uint8_t *csn = emulator;
-       uint8_t sof_data[] = { 0x0F } ;
 
        // CSN followed by two CRC bytes
-       uint8_t anticoll_data[10] = { 0 };
-       uint8_t csn_data[10] = { 0 };
+       uint8_t anticoll_data[10];
+       uint8_t csn_data[10];
        memcpy(csn_data, csn, sizeof(csn_data));
        Dbprintf("Simulating CSN %02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x", csn[0], csn[1], csn[2], csn[3], csn[4], csn[5], csn[6], csn[7]);
 
@@ -802,24 +810,57 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
        AppendCrc(anticoll_data, 8);
        AppendCrc(csn_data, 8);
 
-       uint8_t diversified_key[8] = { 0 };
+       uint8_t diversified_key_d[8] = { 0x00 };
+       uint8_t diversified_key_c[8] = { 0x00 };
+       uint8_t *diversified_key = diversified_key_d;
+
+       // configuration block
+       uint8_t conf_block[10] = {0x12, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x7F, 0x1F, 0xFF, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00};
+
        // e-Purse
        uint8_t card_challenge_data[8] = { 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff };
-       //uint8_t card_challenge_data[8] = { 0 };
+
        if (simulationMode == ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL) {
-               // The diversified key should be stored on block 3
-               // Get the diversified key from emulator memory
-               memcpy(diversified_key, emulator + (8 * 3), 8);
-               // Card challenge, a.k.a e-purse is on block 2
-               memcpy(card_challenge_data, emulator + (8 * 2), 8);
-               // Precalculate the cipher state, feeding it the CC
-               cipher_state = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data, diversified_key);
+               // initialize from page 0
+               memcpy(conf_block, emulator + 8 * 1, 8);
+               memcpy(card_challenge_data, emulator + 8 * 2, 8); // e-purse
+               memcpy(diversified_key_d, emulator + 8 * 3, 8);   // Kd
+               memcpy(diversified_key_c, emulator + 8 * 4, 8);   // Kc
        }
+
+       AppendCrc(conf_block, 8);
+
        // save card challenge for sim2,4 attack
        if (reader_mac_buf != NULL) {
                memcpy(reader_mac_buf, card_challenge_data, 8);
        }
 
+       if (conf_block[5] & 0x80) {
+               page_size = 256 * 8;
+       }
+
+       // From PicoPass DS:
+       // When the page is in personalization mode this bit is equal to 1.
+       // Once the application issuer has personalized and coded its dedicated areas, this bit must be set to 0:
+       // the page is then "in application mode".
+       bool personalization_mode = conf_block[7] & 0x80;
+
+       // chip memory may be divided in 8 pages
+       uint8_t max_page = conf_block[4] & 0x10 ? 0 : 7;
+
+       // Precalculate the cipher states, feeding it the CC
+       cipher_state_KD[0] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data, diversified_key_d);
+       cipher_state_KC[0] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data, diversified_key_c);
+       if (simulationMode == ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL) {
+               for (int i = 1; i < max_page; i++) {
+                       uint8_t *epurse = emulator + i*page_size + 8*2;
+                       uint8_t *Kd = emulator + i*page_size + 8*3;
+                       uint8_t *Kc = emulator + i*page_size + 8*4;
+                       cipher_state_KD[i] = opt_doTagMAC_1(epurse, Kd);
+                       cipher_state_KC[i] = opt_doTagMAC_1(epurse, Kc);
+               }
+       }
+
        int exitLoop = 0;
        // Reader 0a
        // Tag    0f
@@ -834,7 +875,7 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
        int trace_data_size = 0;
 
        // Respond SOF -- takes 1 bytes
-       uint8_t *resp_sof = BigBuf_malloc(2);
+       uint8_t *resp_sof = BigBuf_malloc(1);
        int resp_sof_Len;
 
        // Anticollision CSN (rotated CSN)
@@ -850,8 +891,6 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
        // configuration (block 1) picopass 2ks
        uint8_t *resp_conf = BigBuf_malloc(22);
        int resp_conf_len;
-       uint8_t conf_data[10] = {0x12, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x7F, 0x1F, 0xFF, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x00};
-       AppendCrc(conf_data, 8);
 
        // e-Purse (block 2)
        // 18: Takes 2 bytes for SOF/EOF and 8 * 2 = 16 bytes (2 bytes/bit)
@@ -874,7 +913,6 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
        int len;
 
        // Prepare card messages
-       ToSendMax = 0;
 
        // First card answer: SOF only
        CodeIClassTagSOF();
@@ -892,7 +930,7 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
        resp_csn_len = ToSendMax;
 
        // Configuration (block 1)
-       CodeIso15693AsTag(conf_data, sizeof(conf_data));
+       CodeIso15693AsTag(conf_block, sizeof(conf_block));
        memcpy(resp_conf, ToSend, ToSendMax);
        resp_conf_len = ToSendMax;
 
@@ -915,16 +953,11 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
        uint8_t *data_generic_trace = BigBuf_malloc(32 + 2); // 32 bytes data + 2byte CRC is max tag answer
        uint8_t *data_response = BigBuf_malloc( (32 + 2) * 2 + 2);
 
-       LED_A_ON();
        bool buttonPressed = false;
        enum { IDLE, ACTIVATED, SELECTED, HALTED } chip_state = IDLE;
 
        while (!exitLoop) {
                WDT_HIT();
-               LED_B_OFF();
-               //Signal tracer
-               // Can be used to get a trigger for an oscilloscope..
-               LED_C_OFF();
 
                uint32_t reader_eof_time = 0;
                len = GetIso15693CommandFromReader(receivedCmd, MAX_FRAME_SIZE, &reader_eof_time);
@@ -933,9 +966,6 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
                        break;
                }
 
-               //Signal tracer
-               LED_C_ON();
-
                // Now look at the reader command and provide appropriate responses
                // default is no response:
                modulated_response = NULL;
@@ -948,8 +978,6 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
                        if (chip_state != HALTED) {
                                modulated_response = resp_sof;
                                modulated_response_size = resp_sof_Len;
-                               trace_data = sof_data;
-                               trace_data_size = sizeof(sof_data);
                                chip_state = ACTIVATED;
                        }
 
@@ -1001,8 +1029,8 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
                                                case 1: // configuration (block 01)
                                                        modulated_response = resp_conf;
                                                        modulated_response_size = resp_conf_len;
-                                                       trace_data = conf_data;
-                                                       trace_data_size = sizeof(conf_data);
+                                                       trace_data = conf_block;
+                                                       trace_data_size = sizeof(conf_block);
                                                        break;
                                                case 2: // e-purse (block 02)
                                                        modulated_response = resp_cc;
@@ -1036,7 +1064,7 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
                                                trace_data = ff_data;
                                                trace_data_size = sizeof(ff_data);
                                        } else { // use data from emulator memory
-                                               memcpy(data_generic_trace, emulator + 8*blockNo, 8);
+                                               memcpy(data_generic_trace, emulator + current_page*page_size + 8*blockNo, 8);
                                                AppendCrc(data_generic_trace, 8);
                                                trace_data = data_generic_trace;
                                                trace_data_size = 10;
@@ -1049,22 +1077,29 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
                        }
 
                } else if ((receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READCHECK_KD
-                                       || receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READCHECK_KC) && len == 2) {
+                                       || receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READCHECK_KC) && receivedCmd[1] == 0x02 && len == 2) {
                        // Read e-purse (88 02 || 18 02)
                        if (chip_state == SELECTED) {
+                               if(receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READCHECK_KD){
+                                       cipher_state = &cipher_state_KD[current_page];
+                                       diversified_key = diversified_key_d;
+                               } else {
+                                       cipher_state = &cipher_state_KC[current_page];
+                                       diversified_key = diversified_key_c;
+                               }
                                modulated_response = resp_cc;
                                modulated_response_size = resp_cc_len;
                                trace_data = card_challenge_data;
                                trace_data_size = sizeof(card_challenge_data);
-                               LED_B_ON();
                        }
 
-               } else if (receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_CHECK && len == 9) {
+               } else if ((receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_CHECK_KC
+                                       || receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_CHECK_KD) && len == 9) {
                        // Reader random and reader MAC!!!
                        if (chip_state == SELECTED) {
                                if (simulationMode == ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL) {
                                        //NR, from reader, is in receivedCmd+1
-                                       opt_doTagMAC_2(cipher_state, receivedCmd+1, data_generic_trace, diversified_key);
+                                       opt_doTagMAC_2(*cipher_state, receivedCmd+1, data_generic_trace, diversified_key);
                                        trace_data = data_generic_trace;
                                        trace_data_size = 4;
                                        CodeIso15693AsTag(trace_data, trace_data_size);
@@ -1087,13 +1122,16 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
                } else if (receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_HALT && len == 1) {
                        if (chip_state == SELECTED) {
                                // Reader ends the session
+                               modulated_response = resp_sof;
+                               modulated_response_size = resp_sof_Len;
                                chip_state = HALTED;
                        }
 
                } else if (simulationMode == ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL && receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_READ4 && len == 4) {  // 0x06
                        //Read 4 blocks
                        if (chip_state == SELECTED) {
-                               memcpy(data_generic_trace, emulator + (receivedCmd[1] << 3), 8 * 4);
+                               uint8_t blockNo = receivedCmd[1];
+                               memcpy(data_generic_trace, emulator + current_page*page_size + blockNo*8, 8 * 4);
                                AppendCrc(data_generic_trace, 8 * 4);
                                trace_data = data_generic_trace;
                                trace_data_size = 8 * 4 + 2;
@@ -1104,11 +1142,47 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
                        }
 
                } else if (receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_UPDATE && (len == 12 || len == 14)) {
-                       // Probably the reader wants to update the nonce. Let's just ignore that for now.
-                       // OBS! If this is implemented, don't forget to regenerate the cipher_state
                        // We're expected to respond with the data+crc, exactly what's already in the receivedCmd
                        // receivedCmd is now UPDATE 1b | ADDRESS 1b | DATA 8b | Signature 4b or CRC 2b
                        if (chip_state == SELECTED) {
+                               uint8_t blockNo = receivedCmd[1];
+                               if (blockNo == 2) { // update e-purse
+                                       memcpy(card_challenge_data, receivedCmd+2, 8);
+                                       CodeIso15693AsTag(card_challenge_data, sizeof(card_challenge_data));
+                                       memcpy(resp_cc, ToSend, ToSendMax);
+                                       resp_cc_len = ToSendMax;
+                                       cipher_state_KD[current_page] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data, diversified_key_d);
+                                       cipher_state_KC[current_page] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data, diversified_key_c);
+                                       if (simulationMode == ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL) {
+                                               memcpy(emulator + current_page*page_size + 8*2, card_challenge_data, 8);
+                                       }
+                               } else if (blockNo == 3) { // update Kd
+                                       for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+                                               if (personalization_mode) {
+                                                       diversified_key_d[i] = receivedCmd[2 + i];
+                                               } else {
+                                                       diversified_key_d[i] ^= receivedCmd[2 + i];
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       cipher_state_KD[current_page] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data, diversified_key_d);
+                                       if (simulationMode == ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL) {
+                                               memcpy(emulator + current_page*page_size + 8*3, diversified_key_d, 8);
+                                       }
+                               } else if (blockNo == 4) { // update Kc
+                                       for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+                                               if (personalization_mode) {
+                                                       diversified_key_c[i] = receivedCmd[2 + i];
+                                               } else {
+                                                       diversified_key_c[i] ^= receivedCmd[2 + i];
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       cipher_state_KC[current_page] = opt_doTagMAC_1(card_challenge_data, diversified_key_c);
+                                       if (simulationMode == ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL) {
+                                               memcpy(emulator + current_page*page_size + 8*4, diversified_key_c, 8);
+                                       }
+                               } else if (simulationMode == ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL) { // update any other data block
+                                               memcpy(emulator + current_page*page_size + 8*blockNo, receivedCmd+2, 8);
+                               }
                                memcpy(data_generic_trace, receivedCmd + 2, 8);
                                AppendCrc(data_generic_trace, 8);
                                trace_data = data_generic_trace;
@@ -1121,13 +1195,29 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
 
                } else if (receivedCmd[0] == ICLASS_CMD_PAGESEL && len == 4) {
                        // Pagesel
+                       // Chips with a single page will not answer to this command
+                       // Otherwise, we should answer 8bytes (conf block 1) + 2bytes CRC
                        if (chip_state == SELECTED) {
-                               // Pagesel enables to select a page in the selected chip memory and return its configuration block
-                               // Chips with a single page will not answer to this command
-                               // It appears we're fine ignoring this.
-                               // Otherwise, we should answer 8bytes (block) + 2bytes CRC
+                               if (simulationMode == ICLASS_SIM_MODE_FULL && max_page > 0) {
+                                       current_page = receivedCmd[1];
+                                       memcpy(data_generic_trace, emulator + current_page*page_size + 8*1, 8);
+                                       memcpy(diversified_key_d, emulator + current_page*page_size + 8*3, 8);
+                                       memcpy(diversified_key_c, emulator + current_page*page_size + 8*4, 8);
+                                       cipher_state = &cipher_state_KD[current_page];
+                                       personalization_mode = data_generic_trace[7] & 0x80;
+                                       AppendCrc(data_generic_trace, 8);
+                                       trace_data = data_generic_trace;
+                                       trace_data_size = 10;
+                                       CodeIso15693AsTag(trace_data, trace_data_size);
+                                       memcpy(data_response, ToSend, ToSendMax);
+                                       modulated_response = data_response;
+                                       modulated_response_size = ToSendMax;
+                               }
                        }
 
+               } else if (receivedCmd[0] == 0x26 && len == 5) {
+                       // standard ISO15693 INVENTORY command. Ignore.
+
                } else {
                        // don't know how to handle this command
                        char debug_message[250]; // should be enough
@@ -1140,20 +1230,16 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
                }
 
                /**
-               A legit tag has about 311,5us delay between reader EOT and tag SOF.
+               A legit tag has about 273,4us delay between reader EOT and tag SOF.
                **/
                if (modulated_response_size > 0) {
-                       uint32_t response_time = reader_eof_time + DELAY_ISO15693_VCD_TO_VICC_SIM - DELAY_ARM_TO_READER_SIM;
-                       TransmitTo15693Reader(modulated_response, modulated_response_size, response_time, false);
-                       LogTrace(trace_data, trace_data_size, response_time + DELAY_ARM_TO_READER_SIM, response_time + (modulated_response_size << 6) + DELAY_ARM_TO_READER_SIM, NULL, false);
+                       uint32_t response_time = reader_eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VCD_TO_VICC_SIM;
+                       TransmitTo15693Reader(modulated_response, modulated_response_size, &response_time, 0, false);
+                       LogTrace_ISO15693(trace_data, trace_data_size, response_time*32, response_time*32 + modulated_response_size/2, NULL, false);
                }
 
        }
 
-       LED_A_OFF();
-       LED_B_OFF();
-       LED_C_OFF();
-
        if (buttonPressed)
        {
                DbpString("Button pressed");
@@ -1174,6 +1260,9 @@ int doIClassSimulation(int simulationMode, uint8_t *reader_mac_buf) {
  * @param datain
  */
 void SimulateIClass(uint32_t arg0, uint32_t arg1, uint32_t arg2, uint8_t *datain) {
+
+       LED_A_ON();
+
        uint32_t simType = arg0;
        uint32_t numberOfCSNS = arg1;
 
@@ -1181,6 +1270,7 @@ void SimulateIClass(uint32_t arg0, uint32_t arg1, uint32_t arg2, uint8_t *datain
        FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_HF);
        SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD);
        FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_SIMULATOR | FPGA_HF_SIMULATOR_NO_MODULATION);
+       LED_D_OFF();
        FpgaSetupSsc(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_SIMULATOR);
        StartCountSspClk();
 
@@ -1231,221 +1321,31 @@ void SimulateIClass(uint32_t arg0, uint32_t arg1, uint32_t arg2, uint8_t *datain
                // That will speed things up a little, but not required just yet.
                Dbprintf("The mode is not implemented, reserved for future use");
        }
+
        Dbprintf("Done...");
 
+       LED_A_OFF();
 }
 
 
 /// THE READER CODE
 
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Transmit the command (to the tag) that was placed in ToSend[].
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-static void TransmitIClassCommand(const uint8_t *cmd, int len, int *samples, int *wait) {
-       int c;
-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD);
-       AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00;
-       FpgaSetupSsc(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A);
-
-       if (wait) {
-               if (*wait < 10) *wait = 10;
-
-               for (c = 0; c < *wait;) {
-                       if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
-                               AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00;     // For exact timing!
-                               c++;
-                       }
-                       if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) {
-                               volatile uint32_t r = AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
-                               (void)r;
-                       }
-                       WDT_HIT();
-               }
-       }
-
-       uint8_t sendbyte;
-       bool firstpart = true;
-       c = 0;
-       for (;;) {
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
-
-                       // DOUBLE THE SAMPLES!
-                       if (firstpart) {
-                               sendbyte = (cmd[c] & 0xf0) | (cmd[c] >> 4);
-                       } else {
-                               sendbyte = (cmd[c] & 0x0f) | (cmd[c] << 4);
-                               c++;
-                       }
-                       if (sendbyte == 0xff) {
-                               sendbyte = 0xfe;
-                       }
-                       AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = sendbyte;
-                       firstpart = !firstpart;
-
-                       if (c >= len) {
-                               break;
-                       }
-               }
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) {
-                       volatile uint32_t r = AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
-                       (void)r;
-               }
-               WDT_HIT();
-       }
-       if (samples && wait) *samples = (c + *wait) << 3;
-}
-
+static void ReaderTransmitIClass(uint8_t *frame, int len, uint32_t *start_time) {
 
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Prepare iClass reader command to send to FPGA
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-void CodeIClassCommand(const uint8_t *cmd, int len) {
-       int i, j, k;
-
-       ToSendReset();
-
-       // Start of Communication: 1 out of 4
-       ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0xf0;
-       ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0x00;
-       ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0x0f;
-       ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0x00;
-
-       // Modulate the bytes
-       for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-               uint8_t b = cmd[i];
-               for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
-                       for (k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
-                               if (k == (b & 3)) {
-                                       ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0xf0;
-                               } else {
-                                       ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0x00;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       b >>= 2;
-               }
-       }
-
-       // End of Communication
-       ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0x00;
-       ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0x00;
-       ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0xf0;
-       ToSend[++ToSendMax] = 0x00;
-
-       // Convert from last character reference to length
-       ToSendMax++;
-}
-
-static void ReaderTransmitIClass(uint8_t *frame, int len) {
-       int wait = 0;
-       int samples = 0;
-
-       // This is tied to other size changes
-       CodeIClassCommand(frame, len);
-
-       // Select the card
-       TransmitIClassCommand(ToSend, ToSendMax, &samples, &wait);
-       if (trigger)
-               LED_A_ON();
-
-       // Store reader command in buffer
-       uint8_t par[MAX_PARITY_SIZE];
-       GetParity(frame, len, par);
-       LogTrace(frame, len, rsamples, rsamples, par, true);
-}
-
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Wait a certain time for tag response
-//  If a response is captured return true
-//  If it takes too long return false
-//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-static int GetIClassAnswer(uint8_t *receivedResponse, int maxLen, int *samples, int *elapsed) {
-       //uint8_t *buffer
-       // buffer needs to be 512 bytes
-       int c;
-
-       // Set FPGA mode to "reader listen mode", no modulation (listen
-       // only, since we are receiving, not transmitting).
-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_LISTEN);
-
-       // Now get the answer from the card
-       Demod.output = receivedResponse;
-       Demod.len = 0;
-       Demod.state = DEMOD_UNSYNCD;
-
-       uint8_t b;
-       if (elapsed) *elapsed = 0;
-
-       bool skip = false;
-
-       c = 0;
-       for (;;) {
-               WDT_HIT();
-
-               if (BUTTON_PRESS()) return false;
-
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_TXRDY)) {
-                       AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_THR = 0x00;  // To make use of exact timing of next command from reader!!
-                       if (elapsed) (*elapsed)++;
-               }
-               if (AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_SR & (AT91C_SSC_RXRDY)) {
-                       if (c < timeout) {
-                               c++;
-                       } else {
-                               return false;
-                       }
-                       b = (uint8_t)AT91C_BASE_SSC->SSC_RHR;
-                       skip = !skip;
-                       if (skip) continue;
+       CodeIso15693AsReader(frame, len);
 
-                       if (ManchesterDecoding(b & 0x0f)) {
-                               *samples = c << 3;
-                               return  true;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-}
+       TransmitTo15693Tag(ToSend, ToSendMax, start_time);
 
-static int ReaderReceiveIClass(uint8_t *receivedAnswer) {
-       int samples = 0;
-       if (!GetIClassAnswer(receivedAnswer, 160, &samples, 0)) {
-               return false;
-       }
-       rsamples += samples;
-       uint8_t parity[MAX_PARITY_SIZE];
-       GetParity(receivedAnswer, Demod.len, parity);
-       LogTrace(receivedAnswer, Demod.len, rsamples, rsamples, parity, false);
-       if (samples == 0) return false;
-       return Demod.len;
+       uint32_t end_time = *start_time + 32*(8*ToSendMax-4); // substract the 4 padding bits after EOF
+       LogTrace_ISO15693(frame, len, *start_time*4, end_time*4, NULL, true);
 }
 
-static void setupIclassReader() {
-       FpgaDownloadAndGo(FPGA_BITSTREAM_HF);
-       // Reset trace buffer
-       set_tracing(true);
-       clear_trace();
-
-       // Setup SSC
-       FpgaSetupSsc(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A);
-       // Start from off (no field generated)
-       // Signal field is off with the appropriate LED
-       LED_D_OFF();
-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
-       SpinDelay(200);
-
-       SetAdcMuxFor(GPIO_MUXSEL_HIPKD);
-
-       // Now give it time to spin up.
-       // Signal field is on with the appropriate LED
-       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_HF_ISO14443A | FPGA_HF_ISO14443A_READER_MOD);
-       SpinDelay(200);
-       LED_A_ON();
-
-}
 
-static bool sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(uint8_t* command, size_t cmdsize, uint8_t* resp, uint8_t expected_size, uint8_t retries) {
+static bool sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(uint8_t* command, size_t cmdsize, uint8_t* resp, size_t max_resp_size, 
+                                                                                 uint8_t expected_size, uint8_t retries, uint32_t start_time, uint32_t *eof_time) {
        while (retries-- > 0) {
-               ReaderTransmitIClass(command, cmdsize);
-               if (expected_size == ReaderReceiveIClass(resp)) {
+               ReaderTransmitIClass(command, cmdsize, &start_time);
+               if (expected_size == GetIso15693AnswerFromTag(resp, max_resp_size, ICLASS_READER_TIMEOUT_OTHERS, eof_time)) {
                        return true;
                }
        }
@@ -1459,12 +1359,11 @@ static bool sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(uint8_t* command, size_t cmdsize, uint
  *         1 = Got CSN
  *         2 = Got CSN and CC
  */
-static uint8_t handshakeIclassTag_ext(uint8_t *card_data, bool use_credit_key) {
-       static uint8_t act_all[]     = { 0x0a };
-       //static uint8_t identify[]    = { 0x0c };
-       static uint8_t identify[]    = { 0x0c, 0x00, 0x73, 0x33 };
-       static uint8_t select[]      = { 0x81, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
-       static uint8_t readcheck_cc[]= { 0x88, 0x02 };
+static uint8_t handshakeIclassTag_ext(uint8_t *card_data, bool use_credit_key, uint32_t *eof_time) {
+       uint8_t act_all[]      = { 0x0a };
+       uint8_t identify[]     = { 0x0c };
+       uint8_t select[]       = { 0x81, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
+       uint8_t readcheck_cc[] = { 0x88, 0x02 };
        if (use_credit_key)
                readcheck_cc[0] = 0x18;
        else
@@ -1473,23 +1372,28 @@ static uint8_t handshakeIclassTag_ext(uint8_t *card_data, bool use_credit_key) {
        uint8_t resp[ICLASS_BUFFER_SIZE];
 
        uint8_t read_status = 0;
+       uint32_t start_time = GetCountSspClk();
 
        // Send act_all
-       ReaderTransmitIClass(act_all, 1);
+       ReaderTransmitIClass(act_all, 1, &start_time);
        // Card present?
-       if (!ReaderReceiveIClass(resp)) return read_status;//Fail
+       if (GetIso15693AnswerFromTag(resp, sizeof(resp), ICLASS_READER_TIMEOUT_ACTALL, eof_time) < 0) return read_status;//Fail
+       
        //Send Identify
-       ReaderTransmitIClass(identify, 1);
+       start_time = *eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
+       ReaderTransmitIClass(identify, 1, &start_time);
+       // FpgaDisableTracing(); // DEBUGGING
        //We expect a 10-byte response here, 8 byte anticollision-CSN and 2 byte CRC
-       uint8_t len = ReaderReceiveIClass(resp);
+       uint8_t len = GetIso15693AnswerFromTag(resp, sizeof(resp), ICLASS_READER_TIMEOUT_OTHERS, eof_time);
        if (len != 10) return read_status;//Fail
 
        //Copy the Anti-collision CSN to our select-packet
        memcpy(&select[1], resp, 8);
        //Select the card
-       ReaderTransmitIClass(select, sizeof(select));
+       start_time = *eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
+       ReaderTransmitIClass(select, sizeof(select), &start_time);
        //We expect a 10-byte response here, 8 byte CSN and 2 byte CRC
-       len = ReaderReceiveIClass(resp);
+       len = GetIso15693AnswerFromTag(resp, sizeof(resp), ICLASS_READER_TIMEOUT_OTHERS, eof_time);
        if (len != 10) return read_status;//Fail
 
        //Success - level 1, we got CSN
@@ -1500,8 +1404,9 @@ static uint8_t handshakeIclassTag_ext(uint8_t *card_data, bool use_credit_key) {
        read_status = 1;
 
        // Card selected, now read e-purse (cc) (only 8 bytes no CRC)
-       ReaderTransmitIClass(readcheck_cc, sizeof(readcheck_cc));
-       if (ReaderReceiveIClass(resp) == 8) {
+       start_time = *eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
+       ReaderTransmitIClass(readcheck_cc, sizeof(readcheck_cc), &start_time);
+       if (GetIso15693AnswerFromTag(resp, sizeof(resp), ICLASS_READER_TIMEOUT_OTHERS, eof_time) == 8) {
                //Save CC (e-purse) in response data
                memcpy(card_data+8, resp, 8);
                read_status++;
@@ -1510,8 +1415,8 @@ static uint8_t handshakeIclassTag_ext(uint8_t *card_data, bool use_credit_key) {
        return read_status;
 }
 
-static uint8_t handshakeIclassTag(uint8_t *card_data) {
-       return handshakeIclassTag_ext(card_data, false);
+static uint8_t handshakeIclassTag(uint8_t *card_data, uint32_t *eof_time) {
+       return handshakeIclassTag_ext(card_data, false, eof_time);
 }
 
 
@@ -1543,8 +1448,13 @@ void ReaderIClass(uint8_t arg0) {
        uint8_t flagReadAA = arg0 & FLAG_ICLASS_READER_AA;
 
        set_tracing(true);
-       setupIclassReader();
+       clear_trace();
+       Iso15693InitReader();
 
+       StartCountSspClk();
+       uint32_t start_time = 0;
+       uint32_t eof_time = 0;
+       
        uint16_t tryCnt = 0;
        bool userCancelled = BUTTON_PRESS() || usb_poll_validate_length();
        while (!userCancelled) {
@@ -1559,29 +1469,31 @@ void ReaderIClass(uint8_t arg0) {
                }
                WDT_HIT();
 
-               read_status = handshakeIclassTag_ext(card_data, use_credit_key);
+               read_status = handshakeIclassTag_ext(card_data, use_credit_key, &eof_time);
 
                if (read_status == 0) continue;
                if (read_status == 1) result_status = FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CSN;
                if (read_status == 2) result_status = FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CSN | FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CC;
 
+               start_time = eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
                // handshakeIclass returns CSN|CC, but the actual block
                // layout is CSN|CONFIG|CC, so here we reorder the data,
                // moving CC forward 8 bytes
                memcpy(card_data+16, card_data+8, 8);
                //Read block 1, config
                if (flagReadConfig) {
-                       if (sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readConf, sizeof(readConf), resp, 10, 10)) {
+                       if (sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readConf, sizeof(readConf), resp, sizeof(resp), 10, 10, start_time, &eof_time)) {
                                result_status |= FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CONF;
                                memcpy(card_data+8, resp, 8);
                        } else {
                                Dbprintf("Failed to dump config block");
                        }
+                       start_time = eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
                }
 
                //Read block 5, AA
                if (flagReadAA) {
-                       if (sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readAA, sizeof(readAA), resp, 10, 10)) {
+                       if (sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readAA, sizeof(readAA), resp, sizeof(resp), 10, 10, start_time, &eof_time)) {
                                result_status |= FLAG_ICLASS_READER_AA;
                                memcpy(card_data + (8*5), resp, 8);
                        } else {
@@ -1606,6 +1518,7 @@ void ReaderIClass(uint8_t arg0) {
                        if ( (result_status ^ FLAG_ICLASS_READER_CSN ^ flagReadConfig ^ flagReadCC ^ flagReadAA) == 0) {
                                cmd_send(CMD_ACK, result_status, 0, 0, card_data, sizeof(card_data));
                                if (abort_after_read) {
+                                       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
                                        LED_A_OFF();
                                        LED_B_OFF();
                                        return;
@@ -1655,9 +1568,14 @@ void ReaderIClass_Replay(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t *MAC) {
 
        uint8_t resp[ICLASS_BUFFER_SIZE];
 
-       setupIclassReader();
        set_tracing(true);
+       clear_trace();
+       Iso15693InitReader();
 
+       StartCountSspClk();
+       uint32_t start_time = 0;
+       uint32_t eof_time = 0;
+       
        while (!BUTTON_PRESS()) {
 
                WDT_HIT();
@@ -1667,28 +1585,34 @@ void ReaderIClass_Replay(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t *MAC) {
                        break;
                }
 
-               uint8_t read_status = handshakeIclassTag(card_data);
+               uint8_t read_status = handshakeIclassTag(card_data, &eof_time);
+               start_time = eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
+
                if (read_status < 2) continue;
 
                //for now replay captured auth (as cc not updated)
                memcpy(check+5, MAC, 4);
 
-               if (!sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(check, sizeof(check), resp, 4, 5)) {
+               if (!sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(check, sizeof(check), resp, sizeof(resp), 4, 5, start_time, &eof_time)) {
+                       start_time = eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
                        Dbprintf("Error: Authentication Fail!");
                        continue;
                }
 
+               start_time = eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
                //first get configuration block (block 1)
                crc = block_crc_LUT[1];
                read[1] = 1;
                read[2] = crc >> 8;
                read[3] = crc & 0xff;
 
-               if (!sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(read, sizeof(read),resp, 10, 10)) {
+               if (!sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(read, sizeof(read), resp, sizeof(resp), 10, 10, start_time, &eof_time)) {
+                       start_time = eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
                        Dbprintf("Dump config (block 1) failed");
                        continue;
                }
 
+               start_time = eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
                mem = resp[5];
                memory.k16 = (mem & 0x80);
                memory.book = (mem & 0x20);
@@ -1709,7 +1633,8 @@ void ReaderIClass_Replay(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t *MAC) {
                        read[2] = crc >> 8;
                        read[3] = crc & 0xff;
 
-                       if (sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(read, sizeof(read), resp, 10, 10)) {
+                       if (sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(read, sizeof(read), resp, sizeof(resp), 10, 10, start_time, &eof_time)) {
+                               start_time = eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
                                Dbprintf("     %02x: %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
                                                block, resp[0], resp[1], resp[2],
                                                resp[3], resp[4], resp[5],
@@ -1757,37 +1682,32 @@ void ReaderIClass_Replay(uint8_t arg0, uint8_t *MAC) {
                         card_data,
                         0);
 
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
        LED_A_OFF();
 }
 
-void iClass_ReadCheck(uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t keyType) {
-       uint8_t readcheck[] = { keyType, blockNo };
-       uint8_t resp[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
-       size_t isOK = 0;
-       isOK = sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readcheck, sizeof(readcheck), resp, sizeof(resp), 6);
-       cmd_send(CMD_ACK,isOK, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-}
-
 void iClass_Authentication(uint8_t *MAC) {
-       uint8_t check[] = { ICLASS_CMD_CHECK, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
+       uint8_t check[] = { ICLASS_CMD_CHECK_KD, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
        uint8_t resp[ICLASS_BUFFER_SIZE];
        memcpy(check+5, MAC, 4);
        bool isOK;
-       isOK = sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(check, sizeof(check), resp, 4, 6);
+       uint32_t eof_time;
+       isOK = sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(check, sizeof(check), resp, sizeof(resp), 4, 6, 0, &eof_time);
        cmd_send(CMD_ACK,isOK, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 }
 
-bool iClass_ReadBlock(uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t *readdata) {
+static bool iClass_ReadBlock(uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t *readdata) {
        uint8_t readcmd[] = {ICLASS_CMD_READ_OR_IDENTIFY, blockNo, 0x00, 0x00}; //0x88, 0x00 // can i use 0C?
        char bl = blockNo;
        uint16_t rdCrc = iclass_crc16(&bl, 1);
        readcmd[2] = rdCrc >> 8;
        readcmd[3] = rdCrc & 0xff;
-       uint8_t resp[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
+       uint8_t resp[10];
        bool isOK = false;
-
+       uint32_t eof_time;
+       
        //readcmd[1] = blockNo;
-       isOK = sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readcmd, sizeof(readcmd), resp, 10, 10);
+       isOK = sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(readcmd, sizeof(readcmd), resp, sizeof(resp), 10, 10, 0, &eof_time);
        memcpy(readdata, resp, sizeof(resp));
 
        return isOK;
@@ -1798,6 +1718,7 @@ void iClass_ReadBlk(uint8_t blockno) {
        bool isOK = false;
        isOK = iClass_ReadBlock(blockno, readblockdata);
        cmd_send(CMD_ACK, isOK, 0, 0, readblockdata, 8);
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
 }
 
 void iClass_Dump(uint8_t blockno, uint8_t numblks) {
@@ -1844,16 +1765,18 @@ static bool iClass_WriteBlock_ext(uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t *data) {
        uint16_t wrCrc = iclass_crc16(wrCmd, 13);
        write[14] = wrCrc >> 8;
        write[15] = wrCrc & 0xff;
-       uint8_t resp[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
+       uint8_t resp[10];
        bool isOK = false;
-
-       isOK = sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(write, sizeof(write), resp, sizeof(resp), 10);
+       uint32_t eof_time = 0;
+       
+       isOK = sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(write, sizeof(write), resp, sizeof(resp), 10, 10, 0, &eof_time);
+       uint32_t start_time = eof_time + DELAY_ICLASS_VICC_TO_VCD_READER;
        if (isOK) { //if reader responded correctly
                //Dbprintf("WriteResp: %02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X",resp[0],resp[1],resp[2],resp[3],resp[4],resp[5],resp[6],resp[7],resp[8],resp[9]);
                if (memcmp(write+2, resp, 8)) {  //if response is not equal to write values
                        if (blockNo != 3 && blockNo != 4) { //if not programming key areas (note key blocks don't get programmed with actual key data it is xor data)
                                //error try again
-                               isOK = sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(write, sizeof(write), resp, sizeof(resp), 10);
+                               isOK = sendCmdGetResponseWithRetries(write, sizeof(write), resp, sizeof(resp), 10, 10, start_time, &eof_time);
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -1868,6 +1791,7 @@ void iClass_WriteBlock(uint8_t blockNo, uint8_t *data) {
                Dbprintf("Write block [%02x] failed", blockNo);
        }
        cmd_send(CMD_ACK, isOK, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+       FpgaWriteConfWord(FPGA_MAJOR_MODE_OFF);
 }
 
 void iClass_Clone(uint8_t startblock, uint8_t endblock, uint8_t *data) {
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