X-Git-Url: http://cvs.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/proxmark3-svn/blobdiff_plain/7838f4beba79370f94c7a3de2cf34278f5d481c8..57778a46308a250f4c9b1516aa8ca251d4e09cc5:/client/cmdhf14a.c

diff --git a/client/cmdhf14a.c b/client/cmdhf14a.c
index 8a6e6afd..21c97fa2 100644
--- a/client/cmdhf14a.c
+++ b/client/cmdhf14a.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // 2011, Merlok
+// 2014, Peter Fillmore
 // Copyright (C) 2010 iZsh <izsh at fail0verflow.com>, Hagen Fritsch
 //
 // This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
@@ -23,10 +24,10 @@
 #include "common.h"
 #include "cmdmain.h"
 #include "mifare.h"
+#include "cmdhfmf.h"
 #include "cmdhfmfu.h"
 #include "nonce2key/nonce2key.h"
-
-#define llx PRIx64
+#include "cmdhf.h"
 
 static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);
 static void waitCmd(uint8_t iLen);
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ const manufactureName manufactureMapping[] = {
 	{ 0x17, "KSW Microtec GmbH Germany" },
 	{ 0x18, "ZMD AG Germany" },
 	{ 0x19, "XICOR, Inc. USA" },
-	{ 0x1A, "Sony Corporation Japan Identifier Company Country" },
+	{ 0x1A, "Sony Corporation Japan" },
 	{ 0x1B, "Malaysia Microelectronic Solutions Sdn. Bhd Malaysia" },
 	{ 0x1C, "Emosyn USA" },
 	{ 0x1D, "Shanghai Fudan Microelectronics Co. Ltd. P.R. China" },
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ const manufactureName manufactureMapping[] = {
 	{ 0x35, "Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems Germany" },
 	{ 0x36, "IDS Microchip AG Switzerland" },
 	{ 0x37, "Kovio USA" },
-	{ 0x38, "HMT Microelectronic Ltd Switzerland Identifier Company Country" },
+	{ 0x38, "HMT Microelectronic Ltd Switzerland" },
 	{ 0x39, "Silicon Craft Technology Thailand" },
 	{ 0x3A, "Advanced Film Device Inc. Japan" },
 	{ 0x3B, "Nitecrest Ltd UK" },
@@ -106,7 +107,8 @@ const manufactureName manufactureMapping[] = {
 	{ 0x41, "Renesas Electronics Corporation Japan" },
 	{ 0x42, "3Alogics Inc Korea" },
 	{ 0x43, "Top TroniQ Asia Limited Hong Kong" },
-	{ 0x44, "Gentag Inc (USA) USA" },
+	{ 0x44, "Gentag Inc. USA" },
+	{ 0x56, "Sensible Object. UK" },
 	{ 0x00, "no tag-info available" } // must be the last entry
 };
 
@@ -127,19 +129,68 @@ char* getTagInfo(uint8_t uid) {
 	return manufactureMapping[len-1].desc; 
 }
 
-int CmdHF14AList(const char *Cmd)
-{
-	PrintAndLog("Deprecated command, use 'hf list 14a' instead");
+int usage_hf_14a_sim(void) {
+//	PrintAndLog("\n Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with 4,7 or 10 byte UID\n");
+	PrintAndLog("\n Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with 4,7 byte UID\n");
+	PrintAndLog("usage: hf 14a sim [h] t <type> u <uid> [x] [e] [v]");
+	PrintAndLog("options: ");
+	PrintAndLog("    h     : This help");
+	PrintAndLog("    t     : 1 = MIFARE Classic 1k");
+	PrintAndLog("            2 = MIFARE Ultralight");
+	PrintAndLog("            3 = MIFARE Desfire");
+	PrintAndLog("            4 = ISO/IEC 14443-4");
+	PrintAndLog("            5 = MIFARE Tnp3xxx");
+	PrintAndLog("            6 = MIFARE Mini");
+	PrintAndLog("            7 = AMIIBO (NTAG 215),  pack 0x8080");
+	PrintAndLog("            8 = MIFARE Classic 4k");
+//	PrintAndLog("    u     : 4, 7 or 10 byte UID");
+	PrintAndLog("    u     : 4, 7 byte UID");
+	PrintAndLog("    x     : (Optional) Performs the 'reader attack', nr/ar attack against a reader");
+	PrintAndLog("    e     : (Optional) Fill simulator keys from found keys");	
+	PrintAndLog("    v     : (Optional) Verbose");
+	PrintAndLog("samples:");
+	PrintAndLog("          hf 14a sim t 1 u 11223344 x");
+	PrintAndLog("          hf 14a sim t 1 u 11223344");
+	PrintAndLog("          hf 14a sim t 1 u 11223344556677");
+//	PrintAndLog("          hf 14a sim t 1 u 11223445566778899AA\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+int usage_hf_14a_sniff(void){
+	PrintAndLog("It get data from the field and saves it into command buffer.");
+	PrintAndLog("Buffer accessible from command 'hf list 14a'");
+	PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 14a sniff [c][r]");
+	PrintAndLog("c - triggered by first data from card");
+	PrintAndLog("r - triggered by first 7-bit request from reader (REQ,WUP,...)");
+	PrintAndLog("sample: hf 14a sniff c r");
+	return 0;
+}
+int usage_hf_14a_raw(void){
+	PrintAndLog("Usage: hf 14a raw [-h] [-r] [-c] [-p] [-a] [-T] [-t] <milliseconds> [-b] <number of bits>  <0A 0B 0C ... hex>");
+	PrintAndLog("       -h    this help");
+	PrintAndLog("       -r    do not read response");
+	PrintAndLog("       -c    calculate and append CRC");
+	PrintAndLog("       -p    leave the signal field ON after receive");
+	PrintAndLog("       -a    active signal field ON without select");
+	PrintAndLog("       -s    active signal field ON with select");
+	PrintAndLog("       -b    number of bits to send. Useful for send partial byte");
+	PrintAndLog("       -t    timeout in ms");
+	PrintAndLog("       -T    use Topaz protocol to send command");
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
-{
+int CmdHF14AList(const char *Cmd) {
+	//PrintAndLog("Deprecated command, use 'hf list 14a' instead");
+	CmdHFList("14a");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd) {
+	UsbCommand cDisconnect = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {0,0,0}};
 	UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {ISO14A_CONNECT | ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT, 0, 0}};
+	clearCommandBuffer();
 	SendCommand(&c);
-
 	UsbCommand resp;
-	WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,&resp);
+	WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK, &resp);
 	
 	iso14a_card_select_t card;
 	memcpy(&card, (iso14a_card_select_t *)resp.d.asBytes, sizeof(iso14a_card_select_t));
@@ -148,22 +199,14 @@ int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
 	
 	if(select_status == 0) {
 		if (Cmd[0] != 's') PrintAndLog("iso14443a card select failed");
-		// disconnect
-		c.arg[0] = 0;
-		c.arg[1] = 0;
-		c.arg[2] = 0;
-		SendCommand(&c);
+		SendCommand(&cDisconnect);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if(select_status == 3) {
 		PrintAndLog("Card doesn't support standard iso14443-3 anticollision");
 		PrintAndLog("ATQA : %02x %02x", card.atqa[1], card.atqa[0]);
-		// disconnect
-		c.arg[0] = 0;
-		c.arg[1] = 0;
-		c.arg[2] = 0;
-		SendCommand(&c);
+		SendCommand(&cDisconnect);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -174,21 +217,23 @@ int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
 	switch (card.sak) {
 		case 0x00: 
 
-			//***************************************test****************
+			// ******** is card of the MFU type (UL/ULC/NTAG/ etc etc)
 			ul_switch_off_field();
 			
 			uint32_t tagT = GetHF14AMfU_Type();
-			ul_print_type(tagT, 0);
+			if (tagT != UL_ERROR)
+				ul_print_type(tagT, 0);
+			else 
+				PrintAndLog("TYPE: Possible AZTEK (iso14443a compliant)");
 
-			//reconnect for further tests
+			// reconnect for further tests
 			c.arg[0] = ISO14A_CONNECT | ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT;
 			c.arg[1] = 0;
 			c.arg[2] = 0;
-
+			clearCommandBuffer();
 			SendCommand(&c);
-
 			UsbCommand resp;
-			WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,&resp);
+			WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK, &resp);
 			
 			memcpy(&card, (iso14a_card_select_t *)resp.d.asBytes, sizeof(iso14a_card_select_t));
 
@@ -198,27 +243,6 @@ int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
 				ul_switch_off_field();
 				return 0;
 			}
-
-			/*  orig
-			// check if the tag answers to GETVERSION (0x60)
-			c.arg[0] = ISO14A_RAW | ISO14A_APPEND_CRC | ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT;
-			c.arg[1] = 1;
-			c.arg[2] = 0;
-			c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x60;
-			SendCommand(&c);
-			WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,&resp);
-		
-			uint8_t version[10] = {0};
-			memcpy(version, resp.d.asBytes, resp.arg[0] < sizeof(version) ? resp.arg[0] : sizeof(version));
-			uint8_t len  = resp.arg[0] & 0xff;
-			switch ( len){
-				// todo, identify "Magic UL-C tags".  // they usually have a static nonce response to 0x1A command.
-				// UL-EV1, size, check version[6] == 0x0b (smaller)  0x0b * 4 == 48
-				case 0x0A:PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE Ultralight EV1 %d bytes", (version[6] == 0xB) ? 48 : 128);	break;				
-				case 0x01:PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE Ultralight C");break;
-				case 0x00:PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE Ultralight");break;
-			}
-			*/
 			break;
 		case 0x01: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP TNP3xxx Activision Game Appliance"); break;
 		case 0x04: PrintAndLog("TYPE : NXP MIFARE (various !DESFire !DESFire EV1)"); break;
@@ -248,6 +272,7 @@ int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
 		c.arg[1] = 2;
 		c.arg[2] = 0;
 		memcpy(c.d.asBytes, rats, 2);
+		clearCommandBuffer();
 		SendCommand(&c);
 		WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,&resp);
 		
@@ -333,59 +358,29 @@ int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
 				PrintAndLog("                  %02x -> Length is %d bytes",
 						card.ats[pos + 1], card.ats[pos + 1]);
 				switch (card.ats[pos + 2] & 0xf0) {
-					case 0x10:
-						PrintAndLog("                     1x -> MIFARE DESFire");
-						break;
-					case 0x20:
-						PrintAndLog("                     2x -> MIFARE Plus");
-						break;
+					case 0x10: PrintAndLog("                     1x -> MIFARE DESFire"); break;
+					case 0x20: PrintAndLog("                     2x -> MIFARE Plus"); break;
 				}
 				switch (card.ats[pos + 2] & 0x0f) {
-					case 0x00:
-						PrintAndLog("                     x0 -> <1 kByte");
-						break;
-					case 0x01:
-						PrintAndLog("                     x0 -> 1 kByte");
-						break;
-					case 0x02:
-						PrintAndLog("                     x0 -> 2 kByte");
-						break;
-					case 0x03:
-						PrintAndLog("                     x0 -> 4 kByte");
-						break;
-					case 0x04:
-						PrintAndLog("                     x0 -> 8 kByte");
-						break;
+					case 0x00: PrintAndLog("                     x0 -> <1 kByte"); break;
+					case 0x01: PrintAndLog("                     x1 -> 1 kByte"); break;
+					case 0x02: PrintAndLog("                     x2 -> 2 kByte"); break;
+					case 0x03: PrintAndLog("                     x3 -> 4 kByte"); break;
+					case 0x04: PrintAndLog("                     x4 -> 8 kByte"); break;
 				}
 				switch (card.ats[pos + 3] & 0xf0) {
-					case 0x00:
-						PrintAndLog("                        0x -> Engineering sample");
-						break;
-					case 0x20:
-						PrintAndLog("                        2x -> Released");
-						break;
+					case 0x00: PrintAndLog("                        0x -> Engineering sample"); break;
+					case 0x20: PrintAndLog("                        2x -> Released"); break;
 				}
 				switch (card.ats[pos + 3] & 0x0f) {
-					case 0x00:
-						PrintAndLog("                        x0 -> Generation 1");
-						break;
-					case 0x01:
-						PrintAndLog("                        x1 -> Generation 2");
-						break;
-					case 0x02:
-						PrintAndLog("                        x2 -> Generation 3");
-						break;
+					case 0x00: PrintAndLog("                        x0 -> Generation 1"); break;
+					case 0x01: PrintAndLog("                        x1 -> Generation 2"); break;
+					case 0x02: PrintAndLog("                        x2 -> Generation 3"); break;
 				}
 				switch (card.ats[pos + 4] & 0x0f) {
-					case 0x00:
-						PrintAndLog("                           x0 -> Only VCSL supported");
-						break;
-					case 0x01:
-						PrintAndLog("                           x1 -> VCS, VCSL, and SVC supported");
-						break;
-					case 0x0E:
-						PrintAndLog("                           xE -> no VCS command supported");
-						break;
+					case 0x00: PrintAndLog("                           x0 -> Only VCSL supported");	break;
+					case 0x01: PrintAndLog("                           x1 -> VCS, VCSL, and SVC supported"); break;
+					case 0x0E: PrintAndLog("                           xE -> no VCS command supported"); break;
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -395,28 +390,30 @@ int CmdHF14AReader(const char *Cmd)
 
 	
 	// try to see if card responses to "chinese magic backdoor" commands.
+	uint8_t isGeneration = 0;
+	clearCommandBuffer();
 	c.cmd = CMD_MIFARE_CIDENT;
 	c.arg[0] = 0;
 	c.arg[1] = 0;
 	c.arg[2] = 0;	
 	SendCommand(&c);
-	WaitForResponse(CMD_ACK,&resp);
-	uint8_t isOK  = resp.arg[0] & 0xff;
-	PrintAndLog("Answers to chinese magic backdoor commands: %s", (isOK ? "YES" : "NO") );
+	if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 1500))
+		isGeneration = resp.arg[0] & 0xff;
 	
-	// disconnect
-	c.cmd = CMD_READER_ISO_14443a;
-	c.arg[0] = 0;
-	c.arg[1] = 0;
-	c.arg[2] = 0;
-	SendCommand(&c);
+	switch( isGeneration ){
+		case 1: PrintAndLog("Answers to magic commands (GEN 1a): YES"); break;
+		case 2: PrintAndLog("Answers to magic commands (GEN 1b): YES"); break;
+		//case 4: PrintAndLog("Answers to magic commands (GEN 2): YES"); break;
+		default: PrintAndLog("Answers to magic commands: NO"); break;
+	}		
 
+	// disconnect
+	SendCommand(&cDisconnect);
 	return select_status;
 }
 
 // Collect ISO14443 Type A UIDs
-int CmdHF14ACUIDs(const char *Cmd)
-{
+int CmdHF14ACUIDs(const char *Cmd) {
 	// requested number of UIDs
 	int n = atoi(Cmd);
 	// collect at least 1 (e.g. if no parameter was given)
@@ -447,47 +444,25 @@ int CmdHF14ACUIDs(const char *Cmd)
 		}
 	}
 	PrintAndLog("End: %u", time(NULL));
-
 	return 1;
 }
 
-
-static int usage_hf_14a_sim(void)
-{
-	PrintAndLog("\n Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with 4 or 7 byte UID\n");
-	PrintAndLog("Usage: hf 14a sim t <type> u <uid> x");
-	PrintAndLog("  Options : ");
-	PrintAndLog("    h     : this help");
-	PrintAndLog("    t     : 1 = MIFARE Classic");
-	PrintAndLog("            2 = MIFARE Ultralight");
-	PrintAndLog("            3 = MIFARE Desfire");
-	PrintAndLog("            4 = ISO/IEC 14443-4");
-	PrintAndLog("            5 = MIFARE Tnp3xxx");
-	PrintAndLog("            6 = MIFARE Mini");
-	PrintAndLog("            7 = AMIIBO (NTAG 215),  pack 0x8080");
-	PrintAndLog("    u     : 4 or 7 byte UID");
-	PrintAndLog("    x     : (Optional) performs the 'reader attack', nr/ar attack against a legitimate reader");
-	PrintAndLog("\n   sample : hf 14a sim t 1 u 1122344");
-	PrintAndLog("          : hf 14a sim t 1 u 1122344 x\n");
-	return 0;
-}
-
 // ## simulate iso14443a tag
 // ## greg - added ability to specify tag UID
-int CmdHF14ASim(const char *Cmd)
-{
+int CmdHF14ASim(const char *Cmd) {
 	bool errors = FALSE;
 	uint8_t flags = 0;
-	uint8_t tagtype = 1;
-	uint64_t uid = 0;
+	uint8_t tagtype = 1;	
 	uint8_t cmdp = 0;
+	uint8_t uid[10] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
+	int uidlen = 0;
+	bool useUIDfromEML = TRUE;
+	bool setEmulatorMem = FALSE;
+	bool verbose = FALSE;
+	nonces_t data[1];
 	
-	clearCommandBuffer();
-	
-	while(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp) != 0x00)
-	{
-		switch(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp))
-		{
+	while(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp) != 0x00) {
+		switch(param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp)) {
 			case 'h':
 			case 'H':
 				return usage_hf_14a_sim();
@@ -496,33 +471,43 @@ int CmdHF14ASim(const char *Cmd)
 				// Retrieve the tag type
 				tagtype = param_get8ex(Cmd, cmdp+1, 0, 10);
 				if (tagtype == 0)
-					errors = true; 
+					errors = TRUE; 
 				cmdp += 2;
 				break;
 			case 'u':
 			case 'U':
-				// Retrieve the full 4 or 7 byte long uid 
-				uid = param_get64ex(Cmd, cmdp+1, 0, 16);
-				if (uid == 0 )
-					errors = TRUE;
-				 
-				if (uid > 0xffffffff) {
-					PrintAndLog("Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with 7 byte UID (%014"llx")",uid);
-					flags |= FLAG_7B_UID_IN_DATA;
-				} else {
-					PrintAndLog("Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with 4 byte UID (%08x)",uid);
-					flags |= FLAG_4B_UID_IN_DATA;
+				// Retrieve the full 4,7,10 byte long uid 
+				param_gethex_ex(Cmd, cmdp+1, uid, &uidlen);
+				switch(uidlen) {
+					//case 20: flags |= FLAG_10B_UID_IN_DATA; break;
+					case 14: flags |= FLAG_7B_UID_IN_DATA; break;
+					case  8: flags |= FLAG_4B_UID_IN_DATA; break;
+					default: errors = TRUE;	break;
+				}				
+				if (!errors) {
+					PrintAndLog("Emulating ISO/IEC 14443 type A tag with %d byte UID (%s)", uidlen>>1, sprint_hex(uid, uidlen>>1));
+					useUIDfromEML = FALSE;
 				}
 				cmdp += 2;
 				break;
+			case 'v':
+			case 'V':
+				verbose = TRUE;
+				cmdp++;
+				break;
 			case 'x':
 			case 'X':
 				flags |= FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK;
 				cmdp++;
 				break;
+			case 'e':
+			case 'E':
+				setEmulatorMem = TRUE;
+				cmdp++;
+				break;				
 			default:
 				PrintAndLog("Unknown parameter '%c'", param_getchar(Cmd, cmdp));
-				errors = true;
+				errors = TRUE;
 				break;
 			}
 		if(errors) break;
@@ -531,46 +516,33 @@ int CmdHF14ASim(const char *Cmd)
 	//Validations
 	if (errors) return usage_hf_14a_sim();
 
-	PrintAndLog("Press pm3-button to abort simulation");
+	if ( useUIDfromEML ) 
+		flags |= FLAG_UID_IN_EMUL;
 	
-	UsbCommand c = {CMD_SIMULATE_TAG_ISO_14443a,{ tagtype, flags, 0 }};
-	
-	num_to_bytes(uid, 7, c.d.asBytes);
+	UsbCommand c = {CMD_SIMULATE_TAG_ISO_14443a,{ tagtype, flags, 0 }};	
+	memcpy(c.d.asBytes, uid, uidlen>>1);
+	clearCommandBuffer();
 	SendCommand(&c);	
-
-	uint8_t data[40];
-	uint8_t key[6];
 	UsbCommand resp;
-	while(!ukbhit()){
-		if ( WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500)) {
-			if ( (resp.arg[0] & 0xffff) == CMD_SIMULATE_MIFARE_CARD ){
-				memset(data, 0x00, sizeof(data));
-				memset(key, 0x00, sizeof(key));
-				int len = (resp.arg[1] > sizeof(data)) ? sizeof(data) : resp.arg[1];
-				memcpy(data, resp.d.asBytes, len);
-				tryMfk32(uid, data, key);
-				tryMfk32_moebius(uid, data, key);
-				//tryMfk64(uid, data, key);
-				PrintAndLog("--");
-			}
-		}
+	
+	PrintAndLog("Press pm3-button to abort simulation");
+	
+	while( !ukbhit() ){
+		if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, 1500) ) continue;
+		if ( !(flags & FLAG_NR_AR_ATTACK) ) break;
+		if ( (resp.arg[0] & 0xffff) != CMD_SIMULATE_MIFARE_CARD ) break;
+			
+		memcpy(data, resp.d.asBytes, sizeof(data) );
+		readerAttack(data[0], setEmulatorMem, verbose);
 	}
+	showSectorTable();
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int CmdHF14ASniff(const char *Cmd) {
-	int param = 0;
-	
+	int param = 0;	
 	uint8_t ctmp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0) ;
-	if (ctmp == 'h' || ctmp == 'H') {
-		PrintAndLog("It get data from the field and saves it into command buffer.");
-		PrintAndLog("Buffer accessible from command 'hf list 14a'");
-		PrintAndLog("Usage:  hf 14a sniff [c][r]");
-		PrintAndLog("c - triggered by first data from card");
-		PrintAndLog("r - triggered by first 7-bit request from reader (REQ,WUP,...)");
-		PrintAndLog("sample: hf 14a sniff c r");
-		return 0;
-	}	
+	if (ctmp == 'h' || ctmp == 'H') return usage_hf_14a_sniff();
 	
 	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
 		ctmp = param_getchar(Cmd, i);
@@ -579,11 +551,11 @@ int CmdHF14ASniff(const char *Cmd) {
 	}
 
   UsbCommand c = {CMD_SNOOP_ISO_14443a, {param, 0, 0}};
+  clearCommandBuffer();
   SendCommand(&c);
   return 0;
 }
 
-
 int CmdHF14ACmdRaw(const char *cmd) {
     UsbCommand c = {CMD_READER_ISO_14443a, {0, 0, 0}};
     bool reply=1;
@@ -601,19 +573,7 @@ int CmdHF14ACmdRaw(const char *cmd) {
 	uint16_t datalen=0;
 	uint32_t temp;
 
-    if (strlen(cmd)<2) {
-        PrintAndLog("Usage: hf 14a raw [-r] [-c] [-p] [-a] [-t] <milliseconds> [-b] <number of bits>  <0A 0B 0C ... hex>");
-        PrintAndLog("       -r    do not read response");
-        PrintAndLog("       -c    calculate and append CRC");
-        PrintAndLog("       -p    leave the signal field ON after receive");
-        PrintAndLog("       -a    active signal field ON without select");
-        PrintAndLog("       -s    active signal field ON with select");
-        PrintAndLog("       -b    number of bits to send. Useful for send partial byte");
-		PrintAndLog("       -t    timeout in ms");
-		PrintAndLog("       -T    use Topaz protocol to send command");
-        return 0;
-    }
-
+    if (strlen(cmd)<2) return usage_hf_14a_raw();
 
     // strip
     while (*cmd==' ' || *cmd=='\t') cmd++;
@@ -622,6 +582,9 @@ int CmdHF14ACmdRaw(const char *cmd) {
         if (cmd[i]==' ' || cmd[i]=='\t') { i++; continue; }
         if (cmd[i]=='-') {
             switch (cmd[i+1]) {
+				case 'H':
+				case 'h':
+					return usage_hf_14a_raw();
                 case 'r': 
                     reply = FALSE;
                     break;
@@ -656,8 +619,7 @@ int CmdHF14ACmdRaw(const char *cmd) {
 					topazmode = TRUE;
 					break;
                 default:
-                    PrintAndLog("Invalid option");
-                    return 0;
+                    return usage_hf_14a_raw();
             }
             i+=2;
             continue;
@@ -714,18 +676,23 @@ int CmdHF14ACmdRaw(const char *cmd) {
 		c.arg[2] = 13560000 / 1000 / (8*16) * timeout; // timeout in ETUs (time to transfer 1 bit, approx. 9.4 us)
 	}
 
-    if(power)
+    if(power) {
         c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_NO_DISCONNECT;
-
-    if(datalen>0)
+	}
+	
+    if(datalen>0) {
         c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_RAW;
-
-	if(topazmode)
+	}
+	
+	if(topazmode) {
 		c.arg[0] |= ISO14A_TOPAZMODE;
-		
+	}
+			
 	// Max buffer is USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE
-    c.arg[1] = (datalen & 0xFFFF) | (numbits << 16);
-    memcpy(c.d.asBytes,data,datalen);
+	datalen = (datalen > USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE) ? USB_CMD_DATA_SIZE : datalen;
+		
+    c.arg[1] = (datalen & 0xFFFF) | (uint32_t)(numbits << 16);
+    memcpy(c.d.asBytes, data, datalen);
 
 	clearCommandBuffer();
     SendCommand(&c);
@@ -739,36 +706,23 @@ int CmdHF14ACmdRaw(const char *cmd) {
     return 0;
 }
 
-
 static void waitCmd(uint8_t iSelect)
 {
-    uint8_t *recv;
     UsbCommand resp;
-    char *hexout;
+    uint16_t len = 0;
 
-    if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500)) {
-        recv = resp.d.asBytes;
-        uint8_t iLen = iSelect ? resp.arg[1] : resp.arg[0];
-        PrintAndLog("received %i octets",iLen);
-        if(!iLen)
+    if (WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,&resp,1500)) {        
+        len = iSelect ? (resp.arg[1] & 0xffff) : (resp.arg[0]  & 0xffff);
+        PrintAndLog("received %i octets", len);
+        if(!len)
             return;
-        hexout = (char *)malloc(iLen * 3 + 1);
-        if (hexout != NULL) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < iLen; i++) { // data in hex
-                sprintf(&hexout[i * 3], "%02X ", recv[i]);
-            }
-            PrintAndLog("%s", hexout);
-            free(hexout);
-        } else {
-            PrintAndLog("malloc failed your client has low memory?");
-        }
+		PrintAndLog("%s", sprint_hex(resp.d.asBytes, len) );
     } else {
         PrintAndLog("timeout while waiting for reply.");
     }
 }
 
-static command_t CommandTable[] = 
-{
+static command_t CommandTable[] = {
   {"help",   CmdHelp,              1, "This help"},
   {"list",   CmdHF14AList,         0, "[Deprecated] List ISO 14443a history"},
   {"reader", CmdHF14AReader,       0, "Act like an ISO14443 Type A reader"},
@@ -780,16 +734,12 @@ static command_t CommandTable[] =
 };
 
 int CmdHF14A(const char *Cmd) {
-	// flush
-	WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK,NULL,100);
-
-	// parse
+	clearCommandBuffer();
 	CmdsParse(CommandTable, Cmd);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd)
-{
+int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd) {
   CmdsHelp(CommandTable);
   return 0;
 }