From 4db6f3bbb9b589f62bdaa8d30be0dc6cef3dac3f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: marshmellow42 Date: Sun, 26 Mar 2017 08:09:40 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] split fdx-b demod to its own file added @iceman1001 s read/sim/clone commands for fdx--b check changelog.md for cli changes! --- CHANGELOG.md | 8 +- client/Makefile | 1 + client/cmddata.c | 93 -------------- client/cmdlf.c | 4 +- client/cmdlffdx.c | 316 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ client/cmdlffdx.h | 17 +++ common/lfdemod.c | 2 + 7 files changed, 345 insertions(+), 96 deletions(-) create mode 100644 client/cmdlffdx.c create mode 100644 client/cmdlffdx.h diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md index ef9c316c..7994c987 100644 --- a/CHANGELOG.md +++ b/CHANGELOG.md @@ -5,8 +5,11 @@ This project uses the changelog in accordance with [keepchangelog](http://keepac ## [unreleased][unreleased] ### Added -- Added lf gproxii read - reads a gproxii tag from the antenna -- Added lf indala read - reads an indala tag from the antenna +- Added lf fdx sim (iceman) +- Added lf fdx clone - clones an fdx-b animal tag to t55x7 or q5 (iceman) +- Added lf fdx read - reads a fdx-b tag from the antenna (iceman) +- Added lf gproxii read - reads a gproxii tag from the antenna (marshmellow) +- Added lf indala read - reads an indala tag from the antenna (marshmellow) - Added lf visa2000 demod, read, clone, sim commands (iceman) - Added markers in the graph around found Sequence Terminator after askmandemod. - Added data mtrim command to trim out samples between start and stop @@ -47,6 +50,7 @@ This project uses the changelog in accordance with [keepchangelog](http://keepac - Added option c to 'hf list' (mark CRC bytes) (piwi) ### Changed +- `data fdxdemod` has been moved to `lf fdx demod` (reads from graphbuffer) - `data askgproxiidemod has been moved to `lf gproxii demod` (reads from graphbuffer) - `lf indalaclone` has been moved to `lf indala clone` - `lf indalademod` has been moved to `lf indala altdemod` (reads from graphbuffer) diff --git a/client/Makefile b/client/Makefile index fa4690db..4bac1ac9 100644 --- a/client/Makefile +++ b/client/Makefile @@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ CMDSRCS = crapto1/crapto1.c\ cmdlfawid.c \ cmdlfcotag.c\ cmdlfem4x.c \ + cmdlffdx.c \ cmdlfgproxii.c \ cmdlfhid.c \ cmdlfhitag.c \ diff --git a/client/cmddata.c b/client/cmddata.c index 1acce2ed..2444fb32 100644 --- a/client/cmddata.c +++ b/client/cmddata.c @@ -850,98 +850,6 @@ int CmdFSKdemodParadox(const char *Cmd) return 1; } -// FDX-B ISO11784/85 demod (aka animal tag) BIPHASE, inverted, rf/32, with preamble of 00000000001 (128bits) -// 8 databits + 1 parity (1) -// CIITT 16 chksum -// NATIONAL CODE, ICAR database -// COUNTRY CODE (ISO3166) or http://cms.abvma.ca/uploads/ManufacturersISOsandCountryCodes.pdf -// FLAG (animal/non-animal) -/* -38 IDbits -10 country code -1 extra app bit -14 reserved bits -1 animal bit -16 ccitt CRC chksum over 64bit ID CODE. -24 appli bits. - --- sample: 985121004515220 [ 37FF65B88EF94 ] -*/ -int CmdFDXBdemodBI(const char *Cmd){ - - int invert = 1; - int clk = 32; - int errCnt = 0; - int maxErr = 0; - uint8_t BitStream[MAX_DEMOD_BUF_LEN]; - size_t size = getFromGraphBuf(BitStream); - - errCnt = askdemod(BitStream, &size, &clk, &invert, maxErr, 0, 0); - if ( errCnt < 0 || errCnt > maxErr ) { - if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: no data or error found %d, clock: %d", errCnt, clk); - return 0; - } - - errCnt = BiphaseRawDecode(BitStream, &size, maxErr, 1); - if (errCnt < 0 || errCnt > maxErr ) { - if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Error BiphaseRawDecode: %d", errCnt); - return 0; - } - - int preambleIndex = FDXBdemodBI(BitStream, &size); - if (preambleIndex < 0){ - if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Error FDXBDemod , no startmarker found :: %d",preambleIndex); - return 0; - } - if (size != 128) { - if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Error incorrect data length found"); - return 0; - } - - setDemodBuf(BitStream, 128, preambleIndex); - - // remove marker bits (1's every 9th digit after preamble) (pType = 2) - size = removeParity(BitStream, preambleIndex + 11, 9, 2, 117); - if ( size != 104 ) { - if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Error removeParity:: %d", size); - return 0; - } - if (g_debugMode) { - char *bin = sprint_bin_break(BitStream,size,16); - PrintAndLog("DEBUG BinStream:\n%s",bin); - } - PrintAndLog("\nFDX-B / ISO 11784/5 Animal Tag ID Found:"); - if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Start marker %d; Size %d", preambleIndex, size); - - //got a good demod - uint64_t NationalCode = ((uint64_t)(bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream+32,6)) << 32) | bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream,32); - uint32_t countryCode = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream+38,10); - uint8_t dataBlockBit = BitStream[48]; - uint32_t reservedCode = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream+49,14); - uint8_t animalBit = BitStream[63]; - uint32_t crc16 = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream+64,16); - uint32_t extended = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(BitStream+80,24); - - uint64_t rawid = ((uint64_t)bytebits_to_byte(BitStream,32)<<32) | bytebits_to_byte(BitStream+32,32); - uint8_t raw[8]; - num_to_bytes(rawid, 8, raw); - - if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("Raw ID Hex: %s", sprint_hex(raw,8)); - - uint16_t calcCrc = crc16_ccitt_kermit(raw, 8); - PrintAndLog("Animal ID: %04u-%012" PRIu64, countryCode, NationalCode); - PrintAndLog("National Code: %012" PRIu64, NationalCode); - PrintAndLog("CountryCode: %04u", countryCode); - PrintAndLog("Extended Data: %s", dataBlockBit ? "True" : "False"); - PrintAndLog("reserved Code: %u", reservedCode); - PrintAndLog("Animal Tag: %s", animalBit ? "True" : "False"); - PrintAndLog("CRC: 0x%04X - [%04X] - %s", crc16, calcCrc, (calcCrc == crc16) ? "Passed" : "Failed"); - PrintAndLog("Extended: 0x%X\n", extended); - - return 1; -} - - //by marshmellow //attempt to psk1 demod graph buffer int PSKDemod(const char *Cmd, bool verbose) @@ -1717,7 +1625,6 @@ static command_t CommandTable[] = {"buffclear", CmdBuffClear, 1, "Clear sample buffer and graph window"}, {"dec", CmdDec, 1, "Decimate samples"}, {"detectclock", CmdDetectClockRate, 1, "[modulation] Detect clock rate of wave in GraphBuffer (options: 'a','f','n','p' for ask, fsk, nrz, psk respectively)"}, - {"fdxbdemod", CmdFDXBdemodBI , 1, "Demodulate a FDX-B ISO11784/85 Biphase tag from GraphBuffer"}, //{"fskfcdetect", CmdFSKfcDetect, 1, "Try to detect the Field Clock of an FSK wave"}, {"fskparadoxdemod", CmdFSKdemodParadox, 1, "Demodulate a Paradox FSK tag from GraphBuffer"}, {"getbitstream", CmdGetBitStream, 1, "Convert GraphBuffer's >=1 values to 1 and <1 to 0"}, diff --git a/client/cmdlf.c b/client/cmdlf.c index 10a70d7c..9743749d 100644 --- a/client/cmdlf.c +++ b/client/cmdlf.c @@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ #include "cmdlfvisa2000.h" // for VISA2000 menu #include "cmdlfindala.h" // for indala menu #include "cmdlfgproxii.h"// for gproxii menu +#include "cmdlffdx.h" // for fdx-b menu bool g_lf_threshold_set = false; static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd); @@ -974,7 +975,7 @@ int CmdLFfind(const char *Cmd) return CheckChipType(cmdp); } - ans=CmdFDXBdemodBI(""); + ans=CmdFdxDemod(""); if (ans>0) { PrintAndLog("\nValid FDX-B ID Found!"); return CheckChipType(cmdp); @@ -1044,6 +1045,7 @@ static command_t CommandTable[] = {"awid", CmdLFAWID, 1, "{ AWID RFIDs... }"}, {"cotag", CmdLFCOTAG, 1, "{ COTAG RFIDs... }"}, {"em", CmdLFEM4X, 1, "{ EM4X RFIDs... }"}, + {"fdx", CmdLFFdx, 1, "{ FDX-B tags... }"}, {"gproxii", CmdLF_G_Prox_II, 1, "{ G Prox II tags... }"}, {"hid", CmdLFHID, 1, "{ HID RFIDs... }"}, {"hitag", CmdLFHitag, 1, "{ Hitag tags and transponders... }"}, diff --git a/client/cmdlffdx.c b/client/cmdlffdx.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..69c3c483 --- /dev/null +++ b/client/cmdlffdx.c @@ -0,0 +1,316 @@ +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +// +// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or, +// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of +// the license. +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +// Low frequency fdx-b tag commands +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +#include "cmdlffdx.h" + +#include +#include "proxmark3.h" +#include "ui.h" // for PrintAndLog +#include "util.h" +#include "cmdparser.h" +#include "cmddata.h" +#include "cmdmain.h" +#include "cmdlf.h" +#include "crc16.h" +#include "protocols.h" +#include "lfdemod.h" + +/* + FDX-B ISO11784/85 demod (aka animal tag) BIPHASE, inverted, rf/32, with preamble of 00000000001 (128bits) + 8 databits + 1 parity (1) + CIITT 16 checksum + NATIONAL CODE, ICAR database + COUNTRY CODE (ISO3166) or http://cms.abvma.ca/uploads/ManufacturersISOsandCountryCodes.pdf + FLAG (animal/non-animal) + + 38 IDbits + 10 country code + 1 extra app bit + 14 reserved bits + 1 animal bit + 16 ccitt CRC chksum over 64bit ID CODE. + 24 appli bits. + + sample: 985121004515220 [ 37FF65B88EF94 ] +*/ + +static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd); + +int usage_lf_fdx_clone(void){ + PrintAndLog("Clone a FDX-B animal tag to a T55x7 tag."); + PrintAndLog("Usage: lf animal clone [h] "); + PrintAndLog("Options:"); + PrintAndLog(" h : This help"); + PrintAndLog(" : Country id"); + PrintAndLog(" : Animal id"); + // has extended data? + //reserved/rfu + //is animal tag + // extended data + PrintAndLog(" : Specify write to Q5 (t5555 instead of t55x7)"); + PrintAndLog(""); + PrintAndLog("Sample: lf animal clone 999 112233"); + return 0; +} + +int usage_lf_fdx_sim(void) { + PrintAndLog("Enables simulation of FDX-B animal tag"); + PrintAndLog("Simulation runs until the button is pressed or another USB command is issued."); + PrintAndLog(""); + PrintAndLog("Usage: lf animal sim [h] "); + PrintAndLog("Options:"); + PrintAndLog(" h : This help"); + PrintAndLog(" : Country ID"); + PrintAndLog(" : Animal ID"); + PrintAndLog(""); + PrintAndLog("Sample: lf animal sim 999 112233"); + return 0; +} +// clearing the topbit needed for the preambl detection. +static void verify_values(uint32_t countryid, uint64_t animalid){ + if ((animalid & 0x3FFFFFFFFF) != animalid) { + animalid &= 0x3FFFFFFFFF; + PrintAndLog("Animal ID Truncated to 38bits: %"PRIx64, animalid); + } + if ( (countryid & 0x3ff) != countryid ) { + countryid &= 0x3ff; + PrintAndLog("Country ID Truncated to 10bits: %03d", countryid); + } +} + +int getFDXBits(uint64_t national_id, uint16_t country, uint8_t isanimal, uint8_t isextended, uint32_t extended, uint8_t *bits) { + + // 128bits + // every 9th bit is 0x01, but we can just fill the rest with 0x01 and overwrite + memset(bits, 0x01, 128); + + // add preamble ten 0x00 and one 0x01 + memset(bits, 0x00, 10); + + // add reserved + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(0x00, 7, bits + 66); + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(0x00 >> 7, 7, bits + 74); + + // add animal flag - OK + bits[65] = isanimal; + + // add extended flag - OK + bits[81] = isextended; + + // add national code 40bits - OK + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(national_id >> 0, 8, bits+11); + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(national_id >> 8, 8, bits+20); + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(national_id >> 16, 8, bits+29); + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(national_id >> 24, 8, bits+38); + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(national_id >> 32, 6, bits+47); + + // add country code - OK + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(country >> 0, 2, bits+53); + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(country >> 2, 8, bits+56); + + // add crc-16 - OK + uint8_t raw[8]; + for (uint8_t i=0; i<8; ++i) + raw[i] = bytebits_to_byte(bits + 11 + i * 9, 8); + + uint16_t crc = crc16_ccitt_kermit(raw, 8); + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(crc >> 0, 8, bits+83); + num_to_bytebitsLSBF(crc >> 8, 8, bits+92); + + // extended data - OK + num_to_bytebitsLSBF( extended >> 0 , 8, bits+101); + num_to_bytebitsLSBF( extended >> 8 , 8, bits+110); + num_to_bytebitsLSBF( extended >> 16, 8, bits+119); + return 1; +} + +int CmdFdxDemod(const char *Cmd){ + + //Differential Biphase / di-phase (inverted biphase) + //get binary from ask wave + if (!ASKbiphaseDemod("0 32 1 0", FALSE)) { + if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - FDX-B ASKbiphaseDemod failed"); + return 0; + } + size_t size = DemodBufferLen; + int preambleIndex = FDXBdemodBI(DemodBuffer, &size); + if (preambleIndex < 0){ + if (g_debugMode){ + if (preambleIndex == -1) + PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - FDX-B too few bits found"); + else if (preambleIndex == -2) + PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - FDX-B preamble not found"); + else if (preambleIndex == -3) + PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - FDX-B Size not correct: %d", size); + else + PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error - FDX-B ans: %d", preambleIndex); + } + return 0; + } + + // set and leave DemodBuffer intact + setDemodBuf(DemodBuffer, 128, preambleIndex); + uint8_t bits_no_spacer[117]; + memcpy(bits_no_spacer, DemodBuffer + 11, 117); + + // remove marker bits (1's every 9th digit after preamble) (pType = 2) + size = removeParity(bits_no_spacer, 0, 9, 2, 117); + if ( size != 104 ) { + if (g_debugMode) PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Error removeParity:: %d", size); + return 0; + } + + //got a good demod + uint64_t NationalCode = ((uint64_t)(bytebits_to_byteLSBF(bits_no_spacer+32,6)) << 32) | bytebits_to_byteLSBF(bits_no_spacer,32); + uint32_t countryCode = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(bits_no_spacer+38,10); + uint8_t dataBlockBit = bits_no_spacer[48]; + uint32_t reservedCode = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(bits_no_spacer+49,14); + uint8_t animalBit = bits_no_spacer[63]; + uint32_t crc16 = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(bits_no_spacer+64,16); + uint32_t extended = bytebits_to_byteLSBF(bits_no_spacer+80,24); + + uint64_t rawid = ((uint64_t)bytebits_to_byte(bits_no_spacer,32)<<32) | bytebits_to_byte(bits_no_spacer+32,32); + uint8_t raw[8]; + num_to_bytes(rawid, 8, raw); + + if (g_debugMode) { + PrintAndLog("DEBUG: bits_no_spacer:\n%s",sprint_bin_break(bits_no_spacer,size,16)); + PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Start marker %d; Size %d", preambleIndex, size); + PrintAndLog("DEBUG: Raw ID Hex: %s", sprint_hex(raw,8)); + } + + uint16_t calcCrc = crc16_ccitt_kermit(raw, 8); + PrintAndLog("\nFDX-B / ISO 11784/5 Animal Tag ID Found:"); + PrintAndLog("Animal ID: %04u-%012" PRIu64, countryCode, NationalCode); + PrintAndLog("National Code: %012" PRIu64, NationalCode); + PrintAndLog("CountryCode: %04u", countryCode); + PrintAndLog("Reserved Code: %u", reservedCode); + PrintAndLog("Animal Tag: %s", animalBit ? "True" : "False"); + PrintAndLog("Has Extended: %s [0x%X]", dataBlockBit ? "True" : "False", extended); + PrintAndLog("CRC: 0x%04X - 0x%04X - [%s]\n", crc16, calcCrc, (calcCrc == crc16) ? "Passed" : "Failed"); + + // set block 0 for later + //g_DemodConfig = T55x7_MODULATION_DIPHASE | T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | 4 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT; + return 1; +} + +int CmdFdxRead(const char *Cmd) { + CmdLFRead("s"); + getSamples("10000", TRUE); + return CmdFdxDemod(Cmd); +} + +int CmdFdxClone(const char *Cmd) { + + uint32_t countryid = 0; + uint64_t animalid = 0; + uint32_t blocks[5] = {T55x7_MODULATION_DIPHASE | T55x7_BITRATE_RF_32 | 4 << T55x7_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT, 0, 0, 0, 0}; + uint8_t bits[128]; + uint8_t *bs = bits; + memset(bs, 0, sizeof(bits)); + + char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0); + if (strlen(Cmd) == 0 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') return usage_lf_fdx_clone(); + + countryid = param_get32ex(Cmd, 0, 0, 10); + animalid = param_get64ex(Cmd, 1, 0, 10); + + //Q5 + if (param_getchar(Cmd, 2) == 'Q' || param_getchar(Cmd, 2) == 'q') { + //t5555 (Q5) BITRATE = (RF-2)/2 (iceman) + blocks[0] = T5555_MODULATION_BIPHASE | T5555_INVERT_OUTPUT | ((32-2)>>1) << T5555_BITRATE_SHIFT | 4 << T5555_MAXBLOCK_SHIFT; + } + + verify_values(countryid, animalid); + + // getFDXBits(uint64_t national_id, uint16_t country, uint8_t isanimal, uint8_t isextended, uint32_t extended, uint8_t *bits) + if ( !getFDXBits(animalid, countryid, 1, 0, 0, bs)) { + PrintAndLog("Error with tag bitstream generation."); + return 1; + } + + // convert from bit stream to block data + blocks[1] = bytebits_to_byte(bs,32); + blocks[2] = bytebits_to_byte(bs+32,32); + blocks[3] = bytebits_to_byte(bs+64,32); + blocks[4] = bytebits_to_byte(bs+96,32); + + PrintAndLog("Preparing to clone FDX-B to T55x7 with animal ID: %04u-%"PRIu64, countryid, animalid); + PrintAndLog("Blk | Data "); + PrintAndLog("----+------------"); + PrintAndLog(" 00 | 0x%08x", blocks[0]); + PrintAndLog(" 01 | 0x%08x", blocks[1]); + PrintAndLog(" 02 | 0x%08x", blocks[2]); + PrintAndLog(" 03 | 0x%08x", blocks[3]); + PrintAndLog(" 04 | 0x%08x", blocks[4]); + + UsbCommand resp; + UsbCommand c = {CMD_T55XX_WRITE_BLOCK, {0,0,0}}; + + for (int i = 4; i >= 0; --i) { + c.arg[0] = blocks[i]; + c.arg[1] = i; + clearCommandBuffer(); + SendCommand(&c); + if (!WaitForResponseTimeout(CMD_ACK, &resp, T55XX_WRITE_TIMEOUT)){ + PrintAndLog("Error occurred, device did not respond during write operation."); + return -1; + } + } + return 0; +} + +int CmdFdxSim(const char *Cmd) { + uint32_t countryid = 0; + uint64_t animalid = 0; + + char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0); + if (strlen(Cmd) == 0 || cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') return usage_lf_fdx_sim(); + + countryid = param_get32ex(Cmd, 0, 0, 10); + animalid = param_get64ex(Cmd, 1, 0, 10); + + verify_values(countryid, animalid); + + uint8_t clk = 32, encoding = 2, separator = 0, invert = 1; + uint16_t arg1, arg2; + size_t size = 128; + arg1 = clk << 8 | encoding; + arg2 = invert << 8 | separator; + + PrintAndLog("Simulating FDX-B animal ID: %04u-%"PRIu64, countryid, animalid); + + UsbCommand c = {CMD_ASK_SIM_TAG, {arg1, arg2, size}}; + + //getFDXBits(uint64_t national_id, uint16_t country, uint8_t isanimal, uint8_t isextended, uint32_t extended, uint8_t *bits) + getFDXBits(animalid, countryid, 1, 0, 0, c.d.asBytes); + clearCommandBuffer(); + SendCommand(&c); + return 0; +} + +static command_t CommandTable[] = { + {"help", CmdHelp, 1, "This help"}, + {"demod", CmdFdxDemod,1, "Attempt to extract FDX-B ISO11784/85 data from the GraphBuffer"}, + {"read", CmdFdxRead, 0, "Attempt to read and extract FDX-B ISO11784/85 data"}, + {"clone", CmdFdxClone,0, "Clone animal ID tag to T55x7 (or to q5/T5555)"}, + {"sim", CmdFdxSim, 0, "Animal ID tag simulator"}, + {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL} +}; + +int CmdLFFdx(const char *Cmd) { + clearCommandBuffer(); + CmdsParse(CommandTable, Cmd); + return 0; +} + +int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd) { + CmdsHelp(CommandTable); + return 0; +} diff --git a/client/cmdlffdx.h b/client/cmdlffdx.h new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d11daec4 --- /dev/null +++ b/client/cmdlffdx.h @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +// +// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or, +// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of +// the license. +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +// Low frequency fdx-b tag commands +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +#ifndef CMDLFFDX_H__ +#define CMDLFFDX_H__ + +extern int CmdLFFdx(const char *Cmd); +extern int CmdFdxClone(const char *Cmd); +extern int CmdFdxSim(const char *Cmd); +extern int CmdFdxRead(const char *Cmd); +extern int CmdFdxDemod(const char *Cmd); +#endif diff --git a/common/lfdemod.c b/common/lfdemod.c index 8307a890..eb84203e 100644 --- a/common/lfdemod.c +++ b/common/lfdemod.c @@ -1703,6 +1703,8 @@ int FDXBdemodBI(uint8_t *dest, size_t *size) { uint8_t errChk = preambleSearch(dest, preamble, sizeof(preamble), size, &startIdx); if (errChk == 0) return -2; //preamble not found + if (*size != 128) return -3; //wrong size for fdxb + //return start position return (int)startIdx; } -- 2.39.5