script to extract firmware from ipsw

[m1-debian] / files / quickstart.txt

Set root password
=================
passwd
pwconv

Configure wifi
==============
vi /etc/wpa/wpa_supplicant.conf
ifup wlp1s0f0
# remove the '#' before allow-hotplug to let wifi come up after boot
vi /etc/network/interfaces

Install openssh
===============
# Login for root is disabled by default. So you need another user
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y openssh-server

Configure timezone
==================
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

Create a user
=============
useradd -m -c 'firstname lastname' -s /bin/bash username
passwd username

Lightweight desktop
===================
apt-get install lightdm blackbox xterm firefox-esr
/etc/init.d/lightdm start

Install gnome
=============
apt-get install gnome
/etc/init.d/gdm3 start

Disable sleep, hibernate and suspend targets
============================================
# asahi does not handle sleep well at the moment
sudo systemctl mask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target

Xorg
====

# Keyboard use capslock as additional ctrl
cat > /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/00-keyboard.conf <<'EOF'
Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "system-keyboard"
        MatchIsKeyboard "on"
        Option "XkbLayout" "us"
        Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
        Option "XkbVariant" "de_se_fi"
        Option "XkbOptions" "ctrl:nocaps"
EndSection
EOF

# Swap command and option (windows and alt like on a pc keyboard)
echo 1 > /sys/module/hid_apple/parameters/swap_opt_cmd

# Configure the touchpad
cat > /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/30-input.conf <<'EOF'
Section "InputClass"
  Identifier "libinput touchpad catchall"
  MatchIsTouchpad "on"
  MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
  Option "Tapping" "False"
  Option "TappingDrag" "False"
  Option "DisableWhileTyping" "True"
  Option "AccelProfile" "adaptive"
  Option "AccelSpeed" "0.3"
  Option "AccelerationNumerator" "2"
  Option "AccelerationDenominator" "1"
  Option "AccelerationThreshold" "4"
  Option "AdaptiveDeceleration" "2"
  Option "NaturalScrolling" "0"
        Option "TappingButtonMap" "lmr"
        Option "ClickMethod" "clickfinger"
  Driver "libinput"
EndSection
EOF


Install latest kernel and m1n1 stage 2 (m1n1, dtbs, u-boot)
===========================================================
curl -sL tg.st/u/ksh | sudo bash

Use the live system to install debian
=====================================

parted -a optimal /dev/nvme0n1 print free
parted -a optimal /dev/nvme0n1 mkpart primary ext4 <begin of free> <end of free>
tune2fs -O extents,uninit_bg,dir_index -m 0 -c 0 -i 0 /dev/nvme0n1p5

mount /dev/nvme0n1p5 /mnt

debootstrap --arch=arch64 testing /mnt http://deb.debian.org/debian

mount -t sysfs none /mnt/sys
mount -t efivarfs none /mnt/sys/firmware/efi/efivars
mount -t proc none /mnt/proc
mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount -o bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts

mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi
mount /dev/nvme0n1p4 /mnt/boot/efi

cd /mnt
chroot . bin/bash

cat <<EOF > /etc/fstab
/dev/nvme0n1p5 /         ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/nvme0n1p4 /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 0
EOF

cat <<EOF > /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free
EOF

apt update
apt-get -y install initramfs-tools pciutils wpasupplicant tcpdump vim tmux vlan ntpdate parted curl wget grub-efi-arm64 mtr-tiny dbus ca-certificates sudo openssh-client mtools gdisk

apt-get install -y grub-efi-arm64-signed-
echo 'grub-efi-arm64 grub2/update_nvram boolean false' | debconf-set-selections
echo 'grub-efi-arm64 grub2/force_efi_extra_removable boolean true' | debconf-set-selections
dpkg-reconfigure -fnoninteractive grub-efi-arm64
update-grub
grub-install --removable /boot/efi

echo 'nameserver 8.8.8.8' > /etc/resolv.conf

export HOSTNAME=debian
echo $HOSTNAME > /etc/hostname
cat <<EOF > /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost $HOSTNAME
EOF

cat <<EOF > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
network={
        ssid="ssid"
        scan_ssid=1
        key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
        psk="password"
}
EOF

tar -C /lib/firmware/ -xf /boot/efi/vendorfw/firmware.tar

cat <<EOF > /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
# Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d:
source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

allow-hotplug enp3s0
iface enp3s0 inet dhcp

# allow-hotplug wlp1s0f0
iface wlp1s0f0 inet dhcp
        wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
EOF

curl -sLo /tmp/k.deb tg.st/u/k.deb
curl -sLo /boot/efi/m1n1/boot.bin tg.st/u/u-boot.bin
dpkg -i /tmp/k.deb

exit

cd /
umount /mnt/boot/efi
umount /mnt/sys
umount /mnt/proc
umount /mnt/dev/pts
umount /mnt/dev
umount /mnt
reboot

Repack live
===========
You might want to save the state of your live system to the usb stick. In order
to do so, run the following commands:

apt update
apt-get install -y cpio pigz
rm /etc/rc.local
# remove '#' before allow-hotplug
vi /etc/network/interfaces
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
mv /mnt/initrd.gz /mnt/initrd.old
cd /
find . -xdev | cpio --quiet -H newc -o | pigz -9 > /mnt/initrd.gz
umount /mnt

iwd
===
With iwd you can force to use 5ghz. The following needs to be done to get iwd
running.

sudo apt-get install iwd

cat <<EOF > /etc/iwd/main.conf
[Rank]
        BandModifier5Ghz=10
EOF

# Remove or comment out the following interfaces from /etc/network/interfaces
# allow-hotplug wlp1s0f0
# iface wlp1s0f0 inet dhcp
#         wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

# Add the following interfaces to /etc/network/interfaces
allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp

# Reboot
reboot

# Configure iwd:
sudo iwctl
device list
station wlan0 scan
station wlan0 get-networks
station wlan0 connect SSID

Deinstall Linux
===============
# Lets assume you have the following partioning

(mini) [~] sudo parted /dev/nvme0n1 print
Model: APPLE SSD AP0256Q (nvme)
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 251GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 4096B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End    Size    File system  Name                  Flags
 1      24.6kB  524MB  524MB                iBootSystemContainer
 2      524MB   101GB  100GB
 3      101GB   103GB  2500MB
 4      103GB   104GB  513MB   fat32                              boot, esp
 5      104GB   246GB  142GB   ext4
 6      246GB   251GB  5369MB               RecoveryOSContainer

# Never delete the first, the second and the last partition because that either
# renders your mac unbootable (first two) or unupgradable (last one). However
# you can recover the system by using a second system if you screw up.

# In the above example we need to delete the partition number 3 (stub partition
# you can identify it by the size 2500 MB). The partition 4 (you can identtify
# it by the fact that it is fat32 and the flags boot, esp). And the partition
# number 5 (you can identify it by the fact that it is ext4).

You delete the partitions by doing:

# n is the partition number
sudo parted /dev/nvme0n1 rm <n>

# If you're asked if you want to proceed, say 'y'. If your asked if you want to
# ignore, say, ignore.