[proxmark3-svn] / client / cmdlfem4x.c

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2010 iZsh <izsh at fail0verflow.com>
//
// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
// the license.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Low frequency EM4x commands
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include "proxmark3.h"
#include "ui.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "graph.h"
#include "cmdparser.h"
#include "cmddata.h"
#include "cmdlf.h"
#include "cmdlfem4x.h"

static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);

int CmdEMdemodASK(const char *Cmd)
{
	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	int findone = (cmdp == '1') ? 1 : 0;	
  UsbCommand c={CMD_EM410X_DEMOD};
  c.arg[0]=findone;
  SendCommand(&c);
  return 0;
}

/* Read the ID of an EM410x tag.
 * Format:
 *   1111 1111 1           <-- standard non-repeatable header
 *   XXXX [row parity bit] <-- 10 rows of 5 bits for our 40 bit tag ID
 *   ....
 *   CCCC                  <-- each bit here is parity for the 10 bits above in corresponding column
 *   0                     <-- stop bit, end of tag
 */
int CmdEM410xRead(const char *Cmd)
{
  int i, j, clock, header, rows, bit, hithigh, hitlow, first, bit2idx, high, low;
  int parity[4];
  char id[11] = {0x00};
  char id2[11] = {0x00};
  int retested = 0;
  uint8_t BitStream[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN];
  high = low = 0;

  /* Detect high and lows and clock */
  for (i = 0; i < GraphTraceLen; i++)
  {
    if (GraphBuffer[i] > high)
      high = GraphBuffer[i];
    else if (GraphBuffer[i] < low)
      low = GraphBuffer[i];
  }

  /* get clock */
  clock = GetClock(Cmd, high, 0);

  /* parity for our 4 columns */
  parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
  header = rows = 0;

  /* manchester demodulate */
  bit = bit2idx = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < (int)(GraphTraceLen / clock); i++)
  {
    hithigh = 0;
    hitlow = 0;
    first = 1;

    /* Find out if we hit both high and low peaks */
    for (j = 0; j < clock; j++)
    {
      if (GraphBuffer[(i * clock) + j] == high)
        hithigh = 1;
      else if (GraphBuffer[(i * clock) + j] == low)
        hitlow = 1;

      /* it doesn't count if it's the first part of our read
       because it's really just trailing from the last sequence */
      if (first && (hithigh || hitlow))
        hithigh = hitlow = 0;
      else
        first = 0;

      if (hithigh && hitlow)
        break;
    }

    /* If we didn't hit both high and low peaks, we had a bit transition */
    if (!hithigh || !hitlow)
      bit ^= 1;

    BitStream[bit2idx++] = bit;
  }

retest:
  /* We go till 5 before the graph ends because we'll get that far below */
  for (i = 1; i < bit2idx - 5; i++)
  {
    /* Step 2: We have our header but need our tag ID */
    if (header == 9 && rows < 10)
    {
      /* Confirm parity is correct */
      if ((BitStream[i] ^ BitStream[i+1] ^ BitStream[i+2] ^ BitStream[i+3]) == BitStream[i+4])
      {
        /* Read another byte! */
        sprintf(id+rows, "%x", (8 * BitStream[i]) + (4 * BitStream[i+1]) + (2 * BitStream[i+2]) + (1 * BitStream[i+3]));
        sprintf(id2+rows, "%x", (8 * BitStream[i+3]) + (4 * BitStream[i+2]) + (2 * BitStream[i+1]) + (1 * BitStream[i]));
        rows++;

        /* Keep parity info */
        parity[0] ^= BitStream[i];
        parity[1] ^= BitStream[i+1];
        parity[2] ^= BitStream[i+2];
        parity[3] ^= BitStream[i+3];

        /* Move 4 bits ahead */
        i += 4;
      }

      /* Damn, something wrong! reset */
      else
      {
        PrintAndLog("Thought we had a valid tag but failed at word %d (i=%d)", rows + 1, i);

        /* Start back rows * 5 + 9 header bits, -1 to not start at same place */
        i -= 9 + (5 * rows) - 5;

        rows = header = 0;
      }
    }

    /* Step 3: Got our 40 bits! confirm column parity */
    else if (rows == 10)
    {
      /* We need to make sure our 4 bits of parity are correct and we have a stop bit */
      if (BitStream[i] == parity[0] && BitStream[i+1] == parity[1] &&
        BitStream[i+2] == parity[2] && BitStream[i+3] == parity[3] &&
        BitStream[i+4] == 0)
      {
        /* Sweet! */
        PrintAndLog("EM410x Tag ID: %s", id);
        PrintAndLog("Unique Tag ID: %s", id2);

        /* Stop any loops */
        return 1;
      }

      /* Crap! Incorrect parity or no stop bit, start all over */
      else
      {
        rows = header = 0;

        /* Go back 59 bits (9 header bits + 10 rows at 4+1 parity) */
        i -= 59;
      }
    }

    /* Step 1: get our header */
    else if (header < 9)
    {
      /* Need 9 consecutive 1's */
      if (BitStream[i] == 1)
        header++;

      /* We don't have a header, not enough consecutive 1 bits */
      else
        header = 0;
    }
  }

  /* if we've already retested after flipping bits, return */
  if (retested++)
    return 0;

  /* if this didn't work, try flipping bits */
  for (i = 0; i < bit2idx; i++)
    BitStream[i] ^= 1;

  goto retest;
}

/* emulate an EM410X tag
 * Format:
 *   1111 1111 1           <-- standard non-repeatable header
 *   XXXX [row parity bit] <-- 10 rows of 5 bits for our 40 bit tag ID
 *   ....
 *   CCCC                  <-- each bit here is parity for the 10 bits above in corresponding column
 *   0                     <-- stop bit, end of tag
 */
int CmdEM410xSim(const char *Cmd)
{
	int i, n, j, binary[4], parity[4];

	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	uint8_t uid[5] = {0x00};

	if (cmdp == 'h' || cmdp == 'H') {
		PrintAndLog("Usage:  lf em4x 410xsim <UID>");
		PrintAndLog("");
		PrintAndLog("     sample: lf em4x 410xsim 0F0368568B");
		return 0;
	}

	if (param_gethex(Cmd, 0, uid, 10)) {
		PrintAndLog("UID must include 10 HEX symbols");
		return 0;
	}
	
	PrintAndLog("Starting simulating UID %02X%02X%02X%02X%02X", uid[0],uid[1],uid[2],uid[3],uid[4]);
	PrintAndLog("Press pm3-button to about simulation");

  /* clock is 64 in EM410x tags */
  int clock = 64;

  /* clear our graph */
  ClearGraph(0);

    /* write 9 start bits */
    for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
      AppendGraph(0, clock, 1);

    /* for each hex char */
    parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
      /* read each hex char */
      sscanf(&Cmd[i], "%1x", &n);
      for (j = 3; j >= 0; j--, n/= 2)
        binary[j] = n % 2;

      /* append each bit */
      AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0]);
      AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[1]);
      AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[2]);
      AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[3]);

      /* append parity bit */
      AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0] ^ binary[1] ^ binary[2] ^ binary[3]);

      /* keep track of column parity */
      parity[0] ^= binary[0];
      parity[1] ^= binary[1];
      parity[2] ^= binary[2];
      parity[3] ^= binary[3];
    }

    /* parity columns */
    AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[0]);
    AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[1]);
    AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[2]);
    AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[3]);

    /* stop bit */
  AppendGraph(1, clock, 0);
 
  CmdLFSim("240"); //240 start_gap.
  return 0;
}

/* Function is equivalent of lf read + data samples + em410xread
 * looped until an EM410x tag is detected 
 * 
 * Why is CmdSamples("16000")?
 *  TBD: Auto-grow sample size based on detected sample rate.  IE: If the
 *       rate gets lower, then grow the number of samples
 *  Changed by martin, 4000 x 4 = 16000, 
 *  see http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=7235#p7235

*/
int CmdEM410xWatch(const char *Cmd)
{
	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	int read_h = (cmdp == 'h');
	do {
		if (ukbhit()) {
			printf("\naborted via keyboard!\n");
			break;
		}
		
		CmdLFRead(read_h ? "h" : "");
		CmdSamples("6000");		
	} while (
		!CmdEM410xRead("") 
	);
	return 0;
}

/* Read the transmitted data of an EM4x50 tag
 * Format:
 *
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
 *  CCCCCCCC                         <- column parity bits
 *  0                                <- stop bit
 *  LW                               <- Listen Window
 *
 * This pattern repeats for every block of data being transmitted.
 * Transmission starts with two Listen Windows (LW - a modulated
 * pattern of 320 cycles each (32/32/128/64/64)).
 *
 * Note that this data may or may not be the UID. It is whatever data
 * is stored in the blocks defined in the control word First and Last
 * Word Read values. UID is stored in block 32.
 */
int CmdEM4x50Read(const char *Cmd)
{
  int i, j, startblock, skip, block, start, end, low, high;
  bool complete= false;
  int tmpbuff[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN / 64];
  char tmp[6];

  high= low= 0;
  memset(tmpbuff, 0, MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN / 64);

  /* first get high and low values */
  for (i = 0; i < GraphTraceLen; i++)
  {
    if (GraphBuffer[i] > high)
      high = GraphBuffer[i];
    else if (GraphBuffer[i] < low)
      low = GraphBuffer[i];
  }

  /* populate a buffer with pulse lengths */
  i= 0;
  j= 0;
  while (i < GraphTraceLen)
  {
    // measure from low to low
    while ((GraphBuffer[i] > low) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
      ++i;
    start= i;
    while ((GraphBuffer[i] < high) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
      ++i;
    while ((GraphBuffer[i] > low) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
      ++i;
    if (j>=(MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN/64)) {
      break;
    }
    tmpbuff[j++]= i - start;
  }

  /* look for data start - should be 2 pairs of LW (pulses of 192,128) */
  start= -1;
  skip= 0;
  for (i= 0; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
  {
    skip += tmpbuff[i];
    if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
      if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
        if (tmpbuff[i+2] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i+2] <= 194)
          if (tmpbuff[i+3] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+3] <= 130)
          {
            start= i + 3;
            break;
          }
  }
  startblock= i + 3;

  /* skip over the remainder of the LW */
  skip += tmpbuff[i+1]+tmpbuff[i+2];
  while (skip < MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN && GraphBuffer[skip] > low)
    ++skip;
  skip += 8;

  /* now do it again to find the end */
  end= start;
  for (i += 3; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
  {
    end += tmpbuff[i];
    if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
      if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
        if (tmpbuff[i+2] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i+2] <= 194)
          if (tmpbuff[i+3] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+3] <= 130)
          {
            complete= true;
            break;
          }
  }

  if (start >= 0)
    PrintAndLog("Found data at sample: %i",skip);
  else
  {
    PrintAndLog("No data found!");
    PrintAndLog("Try again with more samples.");
    return 0;
  }

  if (!complete)
  {
    PrintAndLog("*** Warning!");
    PrintAndLog("Partial data - no end found!");
    PrintAndLog("Try again with more samples.");
  }

  /* get rid of leading crap */
  sprintf(tmp,"%i",skip);
  CmdLtrim(tmp);

  /* now work through remaining buffer printing out data blocks */
  block= 0;
  i= startblock;
  while (block < 6)
  {
    PrintAndLog("Block %i:", block);
    // mandemod routine needs to be split so we can call it for data
    // just print for now for debugging
    CmdManchesterDemod("i 64");
    skip= 0;
    /* look for LW before start of next block */
    for ( ; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
    {
      skip += tmpbuff[i];
      if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
        if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
          break;
    }
    while (GraphBuffer[skip] > low)
      ++skip;
    skip += 8;
    sprintf(tmp,"%i",skip);
    CmdLtrim(tmp);
    start += skip;
    block++;
  }
  return 0;
}

int CmdEM410xWrite(const char *Cmd)
{
  uint64_t id = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // invalid id value
  int card = 0xFF; // invalid card value
	unsigned int clock = 0; // invalid clock value

	sscanf(Cmd, "%" PRIx64 " %d %d", &id, &card, &clock);

	// Check ID
	if (id == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) {
		PrintAndLog("Error! ID is required.\n");
		return 0;
	}
	if (id >= 0x10000000000) {
		PrintAndLog("Error! Given EM410x ID is longer than 40 bits.\n");
		return 0;
	}

	// Check Card
	if (card == 0xFF) {
		PrintAndLog("Error! Card type required.\n");
		return 0;
	}
	if (card < 0) {
		PrintAndLog("Error! Bad card type selected.\n");
		return 0;
	}

	// Check Clock
	if (card == 1)
	{
		// Default: 64
		if (clock == 0)
			clock = 64;

		// Allowed clock rates: 16, 32 and 64
		if ((clock != 16) && (clock != 32) && (clock != 64)) {
			PrintAndLog("Error! Clock rate %d not valid. Supported clock rates are 16, 32 and 64.\n", clock);
			return 0;
		}
	}
	else if (clock != 0)
	{
		PrintAndLog("Error! Clock rate is only supported on T55x7 tags.\n");
		return 0;
	}

	if (card == 1) {
		PrintAndLog("Writing %s tag with UID 0x%010" PRIx64 " (clock rate: %d)", "T55x7", id, clock);
		// NOTE: We really should pass the clock in as a separate argument, but to
		//   provide for backwards-compatibility for older firmware, and to avoid
		//   having to add another argument to CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG, we just store
		//   the clock rate in bits 8-15 of the card value
		card = (card & 0xFF) | (((uint64_t)clock << 8) & 0xFF00);
	}
	else if (card == 0)
		PrintAndLog("Writing %s tag with UID 0x%010" PRIx64, "T5555", id, clock);
	else {
		PrintAndLog("Error! Bad card type selected.\n");
		return 0;
	}

  UsbCommand c = {CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG, {card, (uint32_t)(id >> 32), (uint32_t)id}};
  SendCommand(&c);

  return 0;
}

int CmdReadWord(const char *Cmd)
{
  int Word = 16; //default to invalid word
  UsbCommand c;
  
  sscanf(Cmd, "%d", &Word);
  
  if (Word > 15) {
    PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
    return 1;
  }
  
  PrintAndLog("Reading word %d", Word);
  
  c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
  c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
  c.arg[0] = 0;
  c.arg[1] = Word;
  c.arg[2] = 0;
  SendCommand(&c);
  return 0;
}

int CmdReadWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
{
  int Word = 16; //default to invalid word
  int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
  UsbCommand c;
  
  sscanf(Cmd, "%d %x", &Word, &Password);
  
  if (Word > 15) {
    PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
    return 1;
  }
  
  PrintAndLog("Reading word %d with password %08X", Word, Password);
  
  c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
  c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
  c.arg[0] = 0;
  c.arg[1] = Word;
  c.arg[2] = Password;
  SendCommand(&c);
  return 0;
}

int CmdWriteWord(const char *Cmd)
{
  int Word = 16; //default to invalid block
  int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
  UsbCommand c;
  
  sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d", &Data, &Word);
  
  if (Word > 15) {
    PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
    return 1;
  }
  
  PrintAndLog("Writting word %d with data %08X", Word, Data);
  
  c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
  c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
  c.arg[0] = Data;
  c.arg[1] = Word;
  c.arg[2] = 0;
  SendCommand(&c);
  return 0;
}

int CmdWriteWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
{
  int Word = 8; //default to invalid word
  int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
  int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
  UsbCommand c;
  
  sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d %x", &Data, &Word, &Password);
  
  if (Word > 15) {
    PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
    return 1;
  }
  
  PrintAndLog("Writting word %d with data %08X and password %08X", Word, Data, Password);
  
  c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
  c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
  c.arg[0] = Data;
  c.arg[1] = Word;
  c.arg[2] = Password;
  SendCommand(&c);
  return 0;
}


static command_t CommandTable[] =
{
  {"help", CmdHelp, 1, "This help"},
  {"em410xdemod", CmdEMdemodASK, 0, "[clock rate] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag"},  
  {"em410xread", CmdEM410xRead, 1, "[clock rate] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag"},
  {"em410xsim", CmdEM410xSim, 0, "<UID> -- Simulate EM410x tag"},
  {"em410xwatch", CmdEM410xWatch, 0, "['h'] -- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags (option 'h' for 134)"},
  {"em410xwrite", CmdEM410xWrite, 1, "<UID> <'0' T5555> <'1' T55x7> [clock rate] -- Write EM410x UID to T5555(Q5) or T55x7 tag, optionally setting clock rate"},
  {"em4x50read", CmdEM4x50Read, 1, "Extract data from EM4x50 tag"},
  {"readword", CmdReadWord, 1, "<Word> -- Read EM4xxx word data"},
  {"readwordPWD", CmdReadWordPWD, 1, "<Word> <Password> -- Read EM4xxx word data in password mode"},
  {"writeword", CmdWriteWord, 1, "<Data> <Word> -- Write EM4xxx word data"},
  {"writewordPWD", CmdWriteWordPWD, 1, "<Data> <Word> <Password> -- Write EM4xxx word data in password mode"},
  {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};

int CmdLFEM4X(const char *Cmd)
{
  CmdsParse(CommandTable, Cmd);
  return 0;
}

int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd)
{
  CmdsHelp(CommandTable);
  return 0;
}
Commit	Line	Data
a553f267	1	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	2	// Copyright (C) 2010 iZsh <izsh at fail0verflow.com>
	3	//
	4	// This code is licensed to you under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or,
	5	// at your option, any later version. See the LICENSE.txt file for the text of
	6	// the license.
	7	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	8	// Low frequency EM4x commands
	9	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
	10
7fe9b0b7	11	#include <stdio.h>
9e13f875	12	#include <string.h>
ec564290	13	#include <inttypes.h>
902cb3c0	14	#include "proxmark3.h"
7fe9b0b7	15	#include "ui.h"
3fe4ff4f	16	#include "util.h"
7fe9b0b7	17	#include "graph.h"
	18	#include "cmdparser.h"
	19	#include "cmddata.h"
	20	#include "cmdlf.h"
	21	#include "cmdlfem4x.h"
	22
	23	static int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd);
	24
66707a3b	25	int CmdEMdemodASK(const char *Cmd)
66707a3b	26	{
3fe4ff4f	27	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
3fe4ff4f	28	int findone = (cmdp == '1') ? 1 : 0;
66707a3b	29	UsbCommand c={CMD_EM410X_DEMOD};
66707a3b	30	c.arg[0]=findone;
	31	SendCommand(&c);
	32	return 0;
	33	}
	34
7fe9b0b7	35	/* Read the ID of an EM410x tag.
	36	* Format:
	37	* 1111 1111 1 <-- standard non-repeatable header
	38	* XXXX [row parity bit] <-- 10 rows of 5 bits for our 40 bit tag ID
	39	* ....
	40	* CCCC <-- each bit here is parity for the 10 bits above in corresponding column
	41	* 0 <-- stop bit, end of tag
	42	*/
	43	int CmdEM410xRead(const char *Cmd)
	44	{
	45	int i, j, clock, header, rows, bit, hithigh, hitlow, first, bit2idx, high, low;
	46	int parity[4];
3fe4ff4f	47	char id[11] = {0x00};
3fe4ff4f	48	char id2[11] = {0x00};
7fe9b0b7	49	int retested = 0;
15cdabd4	50	uint8_t BitStream[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN];
7fe9b0b7	51	high = low = 0;
	52
	53	/* Detect high and lows and clock */
	54	for (i = 0; i < GraphTraceLen; i++)
	55	{
	56	if (GraphBuffer[i] > high)
	57	high = GraphBuffer[i];
	58	else if (GraphBuffer[i] < low)
	59	low = GraphBuffer[i];
	60	}
	61
	62	/* get clock */
	63	clock = GetClock(Cmd, high, 0);
	64
	65	/* parity for our 4 columns */
	66	parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
	67	header = rows = 0;
	68
	69	/* manchester demodulate */
	70	bit = bit2idx = 0;
	71	for (i = 0; i < (int)(GraphTraceLen / clock); i++)
	72	{
	73	hithigh = 0;
	74	hitlow = 0;
	75	first = 1;
	76
	77	/* Find out if we hit both high and low peaks */
	78	for (j = 0; j < clock; j++)
	79	{
	80	if (GraphBuffer[(i * clock) + j] == high)
	81	hithigh = 1;
	82	else if (GraphBuffer[(i * clock) + j] == low)
	83	hitlow = 1;
	84
	85	/* it doesn't count if it's the first part of our read
	86	because it's really just trailing from the last sequence */
	87	if (first && (hithigh \|\| hitlow))
	88	hithigh = hitlow = 0;
	89	else
	90	first = 0;
	91
	92	if (hithigh && hitlow)
	93	break;
	94	}
	95
	96	/* If we didn't hit both high and low peaks, we had a bit transition */
	97	if (!hithigh \|\| !hitlow)
	98	bit ^= 1;
	99
	100	BitStream[bit2idx++] = bit;
	101	}
	102
	103	retest:
	104	/* We go till 5 before the graph ends because we'll get that far below */
	105	for (i = 1; i < bit2idx - 5; i++)
	106	{
	107	/* Step 2: We have our header but need our tag ID */
	108	if (header == 9 && rows < 10)
	109	{
	110	/* Confirm parity is correct */
	111	if ((BitStream[i] ^ BitStream[i+1] ^ BitStream[i+2] ^ BitStream[i+3]) == BitStream[i+4])
	112	{
	113	/* Read another byte! */
	114	sprintf(id+rows, "%x", (8 * BitStream[i]) + (4 * BitStream[i+1]) + (2 * BitStream[i+2]) + (1 * BitStream[i+3]));
cb967ea9	115	sprintf(id2+rows, "%x", (8 * BitStream[i+3]) + (4 * BitStream[i+2]) + (2 * BitStream[i+1]) + (1 * BitStream[i]));
7fe9b0b7	116	rows++;
	117
	118	/* Keep parity info */
	119	parity[0] ^= BitStream[i];
	120	parity[1] ^= BitStream[i+1];
	121	parity[2] ^= BitStream[i+2];
	122	parity[3] ^= BitStream[i+3];
	123
	124	/* Move 4 bits ahead */
	125	i += 4;
	126	}
	127
	128	/* Damn, something wrong! reset */
	129	else
	130	{
	131	PrintAndLog("Thought we had a valid tag but failed at word %d (i=%d)", rows + 1, i);
	132
	133	/* Start back rows * 5 + 9 header bits, -1 to not start at same place */
	134	i -= 9 + (5 * rows) - 5;
	135
	136	rows = header = 0;
	137	}
	138	}
	139
	140	/* Step 3: Got our 40 bits! confirm column parity */
	141	else if (rows == 10)
	142	{
	143	/* We need to make sure our 4 bits of parity are correct and we have a stop bit */
	144	if (BitStream[i] == parity[0] && BitStream[i+1] == parity[1] &&
	145	BitStream[i+2] == parity[2] && BitStream[i+3] == parity[3] &&
	146	BitStream[i+4] == 0)
	147	{
	148	/* Sweet! */
	149	PrintAndLog("EM410x Tag ID: %s", id);
cb967ea9	150	PrintAndLog("Unique Tag ID: %s", id2);
7fe9b0b7	151
	152	/* Stop any loops */
	153	return 1;
	154	}
	155
	156	/* Crap! Incorrect parity or no stop bit, start all over */
	157	else
	158	{
	159	rows = header = 0;
	160
	161	/* Go back 59 bits (9 header bits + 10 rows at 4+1 parity) */
	162	i -= 59;
	163	}
	164	}
	165
	166	/* Step 1: get our header */
	167	else if (header < 9)
	168	{
	169	/* Need 9 consecutive 1's */
	170	if (BitStream[i] == 1)
	171	header++;
	172
	173	/* We don't have a header, not enough consecutive 1 bits */
	174	else
	175	header = 0;
	176	}
	177	}
	178
	179	/* if we've already retested after flipping bits, return */
	180	if (retested++)
	181	return 0;
	182
	183	/* if this didn't work, try flipping bits */
	184	for (i = 0; i < bit2idx; i++)
	185	BitStream[i] ^= 1;
	186
	187	goto retest;
	188	}
	189
	190	/* emulate an EM410X tag
	191	* Format:
	192	* 1111 1111 1 <-- standard non-repeatable header
	193	* XXXX [row parity bit] <-- 10 rows of 5 bits for our 40 bit tag ID
	194	* ....
	195	* CCCC <-- each bit here is parity for the 10 bits above in corresponding column
	196	* 0 <-- stop bit, end of tag
	197	*/
	198	int CmdEM410xSim(const char *Cmd)
	199	{
3fe4ff4f	200	int i, n, j, binary[4], parity[4];
	201
	202	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	203	uint8_t uid[5] = {0x00};
	204
	205	if (cmdp == 'h' \|\| cmdp == 'H') {
	206	PrintAndLog("Usage: lf em4x 410xsim <UID>");
	207	PrintAndLog("");
	208	PrintAndLog(" sample: lf em4x 410xsim 0F0368568B");
	209	return 0;
	210	}
	211
	212	if (param_gethex(Cmd, 0, uid, 10)) {
	213	PrintAndLog("UID must include 10 HEX symbols");
	214	return 0;
	215	}
	216
	217	PrintAndLog("Starting simulating UID %02X%02X%02X%02X%02X", uid[0],uid[1],uid[2],uid[3],uid[4]);
	218	PrintAndLog("Press pm3-button to about simulation");
7fe9b0b7	219
	220	/* clock is 64 in EM410x tags */
	221	int clock = 64;
	222
	223	/* clear our graph */
	224	ClearGraph(0);
	225
7fe9b0b7	226	/* write 9 start bits */
	227	for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
	228	AppendGraph(0, clock, 1);
	229
	230	/* for each hex char */
	231	parity[0] = parity[1] = parity[2] = parity[3] = 0;
	232	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	233	{
	234	/* read each hex char */
	235	sscanf(&Cmd[i], "%1x", &n);
	236	for (j = 3; j >= 0; j--, n/= 2)
	237	binary[j] = n % 2;
	238
	239	/* append each bit */
	240	AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0]);
	241	AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[1]);
	242	AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[2]);
	243	AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[3]);
	244
	245	/* append parity bit */
	246	AppendGraph(0, clock, binary[0] ^ binary[1] ^ binary[2] ^ binary[3]);
	247
	248	/* keep track of column parity */
	249	parity[0] ^= binary[0];
	250	parity[1] ^= binary[1];
	251	parity[2] ^= binary[2];
	252	parity[3] ^= binary[3];
	253	}
	254
	255	/* parity columns */
	256	AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[0]);
	257	AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[1]);
	258	AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[2]);
	259	AppendGraph(0, clock, parity[3]);
	260
	261	/* stop bit */
3fe4ff4f	262	AppendGraph(1, clock, 0);
	263
	264	CmdLFSim("240"); //240 start_gap.
7fe9b0b7	265	return 0;
	266	}
	267
3fe4ff4f	268	/* Function is equivalent of lf read + data samples + em410xread
	269	* looped until an EM410x tag is detected
	270	*
	271	* Why is CmdSamples("16000")?
	272	* TBD: Auto-grow sample size based on detected sample rate. IE: If the
	273	* rate gets lower, then grow the number of samples
	274	* Changed by martin, 4000 x 4 = 16000,
	275	* see http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=7235#p7235
	276
	277	*/
7fe9b0b7	278	int CmdEM410xWatch(const char *Cmd)
7fe9b0b7	279	{
3fe4ff4f	280	char cmdp = param_getchar(Cmd, 0);
	281	int read_h = (cmdp == 'h');
	282	do {
	283	if (ukbhit()) {
	284	printf("\naborted via keyboard!\n");
	285	break;
	286	}
	287
	288	CmdLFRead(read_h ? "h" : "");
	289	CmdSamples("6000");
	290	} while (
	291	!CmdEM410xRead("")
	292	);
	293	return 0;
7fe9b0b7	294	}
	295
	296	/* Read the transmitted data of an EM4x50 tag
	297	* Format:
	298	*
	299	* XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
	300	* XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
	301	* XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
	302	* XXXXXXXX [row parity bit (even)] <- 8 bits plus parity
	303	* CCCCCCCC <- column parity bits
	304	* 0 <- stop bit
	305	* LW <- Listen Window
	306	*
	307	* This pattern repeats for every block of data being transmitted.
	308	* Transmission starts with two Listen Windows (LW - a modulated
	309	* pattern of 320 cycles each (32/32/128/64/64)).
	310	*
	311	* Note that this data may or may not be the UID. It is whatever data
	312	* is stored in the blocks defined in the control word First and Last
	313	* Word Read values. UID is stored in block 32.
	314	*/
	315	int CmdEM4x50Read(const char *Cmd)
	316	{
31b6e9af	317	int i, j, startblock, skip, block, start, end, low, high;
7fe9b0b7	318	bool complete= false;
	319	int tmpbuff[MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN / 64];
	320	char tmp[6];
	321
	322	high= low= 0;
913d23c6	323	memset(tmpbuff, 0, MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN / 64);
7fe9b0b7	324
	325	/* first get high and low values */
	326	for (i = 0; i < GraphTraceLen; i++)
	327	{
	328	if (GraphBuffer[i] > high)
	329	high = GraphBuffer[i];
	330	else if (GraphBuffer[i] < low)
	331	low = GraphBuffer[i];
	332	}
	333
	334	/* populate a buffer with pulse lengths */
	335	i= 0;
	336	j= 0;
	337	while (i < GraphTraceLen)
	338	{
	339	// measure from low to low
	340	while ((GraphBuffer[i] > low) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
	341	++i;
	342	start= i;
	343	while ((GraphBuffer[i] < high) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
	344	++i;
	345	while ((GraphBuffer[i] > low) && (i<GraphTraceLen))
	346	++i;
90e278d3	347	if (j>=(MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN/64)) {
7fe9b0b7	348	break;
	349	}
	350	tmpbuff[j++]= i - start;
	351	}
	352
	353	/* look for data start - should be 2 pairs of LW (pulses of 192,128) */
	354	start= -1;
	355	skip= 0;
	356	for (i= 0; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
	357	{
	358	skip += tmpbuff[i];
	359	if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
	360	if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
	361	if (tmpbuff[i+2] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i+2] <= 194)
	362	if (tmpbuff[i+3] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+3] <= 130)
	363	{
	364	start= i + 3;
	365	break;
	366	}
	367	}
	368	startblock= i + 3;
	369
	370	/* skip over the remainder of the LW */
	371	skip += tmpbuff[i+1]+tmpbuff[i+2];
	372	while (skip < MAX_GRAPH_TRACE_LEN && GraphBuffer[skip] > low)
	373	++skip;
	374	skip += 8;
	375
	376	/* now do it again to find the end */
	377	end= start;
	378	for (i += 3; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
	379	{
	380	end += tmpbuff[i];
	381	if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
	382	if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
	383	if (tmpbuff[i+2] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i+2] <= 194)
	384	if (tmpbuff[i+3] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+3] <= 130)
	385	{
	386	complete= true;
	387	break;
	388	}
	389	}
	390
	391	if (start >= 0)
	392	PrintAndLog("Found data at sample: %i",skip);
	393	else
	394	{
	395	PrintAndLog("No data found!");
	396	PrintAndLog("Try again with more samples.");
	397	return 0;
	398	}
	399
	400	if (!complete)
	401	{
	402	PrintAndLog("*** Warning!");
	403	PrintAndLog("Partial data - no end found!");
	404	PrintAndLog("Try again with more samples.");
	405	}
	406
	407	/* get rid of leading crap */
	408	sprintf(tmp,"%i",skip);
	409	CmdLtrim(tmp);
	410
	411	/* now work through remaining buffer printing out data blocks */
412	block= 0;
413	i= startblock;
414	while (block < 6)
415	{
416	PrintAndLog("Block %i:", block);
417	// mandemod routine needs to be split so we can call it for data
418	// just print for now for debugging
419	CmdManchesterDemod("i 64");
420	skip= 0;
421	/* look for LW before start of next block */
422	for ( ; i < j - 4 ; ++i)
423	{
424	skip += tmpbuff[i];
425	if (tmpbuff[i] >= 190 && tmpbuff[i] <= 194)
426	if (tmpbuff[i+1] >= 126 && tmpbuff[i+1] <= 130)
427	break;
428	}
429	while (GraphBuffer[skip] > low)
430	++skip;
431	skip += 8;
432	sprintf(tmp,"%i",skip);
433	CmdLtrim(tmp);
434	start += skip;
435	block++;
436	}
437	return 0;
438	}
439
2d4eae76	440	int CmdEM410xWrite(const char *Cmd)
2d4eae76	441	{
e67b06b7	442	uint64_t id = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // invalid id value
7bb9d33e	443	int card = 0xFF; // invalid card value
e67b06b7	444	unsigned int clock = 0; // invalid clock value
	445
	446	sscanf(Cmd, "%" PRIx64 " %d %d", &id, &card, &clock);
	447
	448	// Check ID
	449	if (id == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) {
	450	PrintAndLog("Error! ID is required.\n");
	451	return 0;
	452	}
	453	if (id >= 0x10000000000) {
	454	PrintAndLog("Error! Given EM410x ID is longer than 40 bits.\n");
	455	return 0;
	456	}
	457
	458	// Check Card
	459	if (card == 0xFF) {
	460	PrintAndLog("Error! Card type required.\n");
	461	return 0;
	462	}
	463	if (card < 0) {
	464	PrintAndLog("Error! Bad card type selected.\n");
	465	return 0;
	466	}
	467
	468	// Check Clock
	469	if (card == 1)
	470	{
	471	// Default: 64
	472	if (clock == 0)
	473	clock = 64;
	474
	475	// Allowed clock rates: 16, 32 and 64
	476	if ((clock != 16) && (clock != 32) && (clock != 64)) {
	477	PrintAndLog("Error! Clock rate %d not valid. Supported clock rates are 16, 32 and 64.\n", clock);
	478	return 0;
	479	}
	480	}
	481	else if (clock != 0)
	482	{
	483	PrintAndLog("Error! Clock rate is only supported on T55x7 tags.\n");
	484	return 0;
	485	}
	486
	487	if (card == 1) {
	488	PrintAndLog("Writing %s tag with UID 0x%010" PRIx64 " (clock rate: %d)", "T55x7", id, clock);
	489	// NOTE: We really should pass the clock in as a separate argument, but to
	490	// provide for backwards-compatibility for older firmware, and to avoid
	491	// having to add another argument to CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG, we just store
	492	// the clock rate in bits 8-15 of the card value
	493	card = (card & 0xFF) \| (((uint64_t)clock << 8) & 0xFF00);
	494	}
	495	else if (card == 0)
	496	PrintAndLog("Writing %s tag with UID 0x%010" PRIx64, "T5555", id, clock);
	497	else {
	498	PrintAndLog("Error! Bad card type selected.\n");
	499	return 0;
	500	}
2d4eae76	501
2d4eae76	502	UsbCommand c = {CMD_EM410X_WRITE_TAG, {card, (uint32_t)(id >> 32), (uint32_t)id}};
	503	SendCommand(&c);
	504
	505	return 0;
	506	}
	507
54a942b0	508	int CmdReadWord(const char *Cmd)
	509	{
	510	int Word = 16; //default to invalid word
	511	UsbCommand c;
	512
	513	sscanf(Cmd, "%d", &Word);
	514
	515	if (Word > 15) {
	516	PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
	517	return 1;
	518	}
	519
	520	PrintAndLog("Reading word %d", Word);
	521
	522	c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
	523	c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
	524	c.arg[0] = 0;
	525	c.arg[1] = Word;
	526	c.arg[2] = 0;
	527	SendCommand(&c);
	528	return 0;
	529	}
	530
	531	int CmdReadWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
	532	{
	533	int Word = 16; //default to invalid word
	534	int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
	535	UsbCommand c;
	536
	537	sscanf(Cmd, "%d %x", &Word, &Password);
	538
	539	if (Word > 15) {
	540	PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
	541	return 1;
	542	}
	543
	544	PrintAndLog("Reading word %d with password %08X", Word, Password);
	545
	546	c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_READ_WORD;
	547	c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
	548	c.arg[0] = 0;
	549	c.arg[1] = Word;
	550	c.arg[2] = Password;
	551	SendCommand(&c);
	552	return 0;
	553	}
	554
	555	int CmdWriteWord(const char *Cmd)
	556	{
	557	int Word = 16; //default to invalid block
	558	int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
	559	UsbCommand c;
	560
	561	sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d", &Data, &Word);
	562
	563	if (Word > 15) {
	564	PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
	565	return 1;
	566	}
	567
	568	PrintAndLog("Writting word %d with data %08X", Word, Data);
	569
	570	c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
	571	c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x0; //Normal mode
572	c.arg[0] = Data;
573	c.arg[1] = Word;
574	c.arg[2] = 0;
575	SendCommand(&c);
576	return 0;
577	}
578
579	int CmdWriteWordPWD(const char *Cmd)
580	{
581	int Word = 8; //default to invalid word
582	int Data = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank data
583	int Password = 0xFFFFFFFF; //default to blank password
584	UsbCommand c;
585
586	sscanf(Cmd, "%x %d %x", &Data, &Word, &Password);
587
588	if (Word > 15) {
589	PrintAndLog("Word must be between 0 and 15");
590	return 1;
591	}
592
593	PrintAndLog("Writting word %d with data %08X and password %08X", Word, Data, Password);
594
595	c.cmd = CMD_EM4X_WRITE_WORD;
596	c.d.asBytes[0] = 0x1; //Password mode
597	c.arg[0] = Data;
598	c.arg[1] = Word;
599	c.arg[2] = Password;
600	SendCommand(&c);
601	return 0;
602	}
603
604
605
2d4eae76	606	static command_t CommandTable[] =
7fe9b0b7	607	{
54a942b0	608	{"help", CmdHelp, 1, "This help"},
66707a3b	609	{"em410xdemod", CmdEMdemodASK, 0, "[clock rate] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag"},
54a942b0	610	{"em410xread", CmdEM410xRead, 1, "[clock rate] -- Extract ID from EM410x tag"},
54a942b0	611	{"em410xsim", CmdEM410xSim, 0, "<UID> -- Simulate EM410x tag"},
e67b06b7	612	{"em410xwatch", CmdEM410xWatch, 0, "['h'] -- Watches for EM410x 125/134 kHz tags (option 'h' for 134)"},
e67b06b7	613	{"em410xwrite", CmdEM410xWrite, 1, "<UID> <'0' T5555> <'1' T55x7> [clock rate] -- Write EM410x UID to T5555(Q5) or T55x7 tag, optionally setting clock rate"},
54a942b0	614	{"em4x50read", CmdEM4x50Read, 1, "Extract data from EM4x50 tag"},
	615	{"readword", CmdReadWord, 1, "<Word> -- Read EM4xxx word data"},
	616	{"readwordPWD", CmdReadWordPWD, 1, "<Word> <Password> -- Read EM4xxx word data in password mode"},
	617	{"writeword", CmdWriteWord, 1, "<Data> <Word> -- Write EM4xxx word data"},
	618	{"writewordPWD", CmdWriteWordPWD, 1, "<Data> <Word> <Password> -- Write EM4xxx word data in password mode"},
7fe9b0b7	619	{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
	620	};
	621
	622	int CmdLFEM4X(const char *Cmd)
	623	{
	624	CmdsParse(CommandTable, Cmd);
	625	return 0;
	626	}
	627
	628	int CmdHelp(const char *Cmd)
	629	{
	630	CmdsHelp(CommandTable);
	631	return 0;
	632	}