cvs.zerfleddert.de Git - proxmark3-svn/blob - client/loclass/ikeys.c

   1 /*****************************************************************************
   2  * This file is part of iClassCipher. It is a reconstructon of the cipher engine
   3  * used in iClass, and RFID techology.
   4  *
   5  * The implementation is based on the work performed by
   6  * Flavio D. Garcia, Gerhard de Koning Gans, Roel Verdult and
   7  * Milosch Meriac in the paper "Dismantling IClass".
   8  *
   9  * This is a reference implementation of iclass key diversification. I'm sure it can be
  10  * optimized heavily. It is written for ease of understanding and correctness, please take it
  11  * and tweak it and make a super fast version instead, using this for testing and verification.
  12
  13  * Copyright (C) 2014 Martin Holst Swende
  14  *
  15  * This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  16  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published
  17  * by the Free Software Foundation.
  18  *
  19  * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  20  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  21  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  22  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  23  *
  24  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  25  * along with IClassCipher.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  26  ****************************************************************************/
  27 /**
  28
  29
  30 From "Dismantling iclass":
  31         This section describes in detail the built-in key diversification algorithm of iClass.
  32         Besides the obvious purpose of deriving a card key from a master key, this
  33         algorithm intends to circumvent weaknesses in the cipher by preventing the
  34         usage of certain ‘weak’ keys. In order to compute a diversified key, the iClass
  35         reader first encrypts the card identity id with the master key K, using single
  36         DES. The resulting ciphertext is then input to a function called hash0 which
  37         outputs the diversified key k.
  38
  39         k = hash0(DES enc (id, K))
  40
  41         Here the DES encryption of id with master key K outputs a cryptogram c
  42         of 64 bits. These 64 bits are divided as c = x, y, z [0] , . . . , z [7] ∈ F 82 × F 82 × (F 62 ) 8
  43         which is used as input to the hash0 function. This function introduces some
  44         obfuscation by performing a number of permutations, complement and modulo
  45         operations, see Figure 2.5. Besides that, it checks for and removes patterns like
  46         similar key bytes, which could produce a strong bias in the cipher. Finally, the
  47         output of hash0 is the diversified card key k = k [0] , . . . , k [7] ∈ (F 82 ) 8 .
  48
  49
  50 **/
  51
  52
  53 #include <stdint.h>
  54 #include <stdbool.h>
  55 #include <string.h>
  56 #include <stdio.h>
  57 #include <inttypes.h>
  58 #include "fileutils.h"
  59 #include "cipherutils.h"
  60 #include "des.h"
  61
  62 uint8_t pi[35] = {0x0F,0x17,0x1B,0x1D,0x1E,0x27,0x2B,0x2D,0x2E,0x33,0x35,0x39,0x36,0x3A,0x3C,0x47,0x4B,0x4D,0x4E,0x53,0x55,0x56,0x59,0x5A,0x5C,0x63,0x65,0x66,0x69,0x6A,0x6C,0x71,0x72,0x74,0x78};
  63
  64 static des_context ctx_enc = {DES_ENCRYPT,{0}};
  65 static des_context ctx_dec = {DES_DECRYPT,{0}};
  66
  67 static int debug_print = 0;
  68
  69 /**
  70  * @brief The key diversification algorithm uses 6-bit bytes.
  71  * This implementation uses 64 bit uint to pack seven of them into one
  72  * variable. When they are there, they are placed as follows:
  73  * XXXX XXXX N0 .... N7, occupying the lsat 48 bits.
  74  *
  75  * This function picks out one from such a collection
  76  * @param all
  77  * @param n bitnumber
  78  * @return
  79  */
  80 uint8_t getSixBitByte(uint64_t c, int n)
  81 {
  82         return (c >> (42-6*n)) & 0x3F;
  83 }
  84
  85 /**
  86  * @brief Puts back a six-bit 'byte' into a uint64_t.
  87  * @param c buffer
  88  * @param z the value to place there
  89  * @param n bitnumber.
  90  */
  91 void pushbackSixBitByte(uint64_t *c, uint8_t z, int n)
  92 {
  93         //0x XXXX YYYY ZZZZ ZZZZ ZZZZ
  94         //             ^z0         ^z7
  95         //z0:  1111 1100 0000 0000
  96
  97         uint64_t masked = z & 0x3F;
  98         uint64_t eraser = 0x3F;
  99         masked <<= 42-6*n;
 100         eraser <<= 42-6*n;
 101
 102         //masked <<= 6*n;
 103         //eraser <<= 6*n;
 104
 105         eraser = ~eraser;
 106         (*c) &= eraser;
 107         (*c) |= masked;
 108
 109 }
 110 /**
 111  * @brief Swaps the z-values.
 112  * If the input value has format XYZ0Z1...Z7, the output will have the format
 113  * XYZ7Z6...Z0 instead
 114  * @param c
 115  * @return
 116  */
 117 uint64_t swapZvalues(uint64_t c)
 118 {
 119         uint64_t newz = 0;
 120         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,0),7);
 121         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,1),6);
 122         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,2),5);
 123         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,3),4);
 124         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,4),3);
 125         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,5),2);
 126         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,6),1);
 127         pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, getSixBitByte(c,7),0);
 128         newz |= (c & 0xFFFF000000000000);
 129         return newz;
 130 }
 131
 132 /**
 133 * @return 4 six-bit bytes chunked into a uint64_t,as 00..00a0a1a2a3
 134 */
 135 uint64_t ck(int i, int j, uint64_t z)
 136 {
 137
 138         if(i == 1 && j == -1)
 139         {
 140                 // ck(1, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = z [0] . . . z [3]
 141                 return z;
 142
 143         }else if( j == -1)
 144         {
 145                 // ck(i, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = ck(i − 1, i − 2, z [0] . . . z [3] )
 146                 return ck(i-1,i-2, z);
 147         }
 148
 149         if(getSixBitByte(z,i) == getSixBitByte(z,j))
 150         {
 151
 152                 //ck(i, j − 1, z [0] . . . z [i] ← j . . . z [3] )
 153                 uint64_t newz = 0;
 154                 int c;
 155                 for(c = 0; c < 4 ;c++)
 156                 {
 157                         uint8_t val = getSixBitByte(z,c);
 158                         if(c == i)
 159                         {
 160                                 pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, j, c);
 161                         }else
 162                         {
 163                                 pushbackSixBitByte(&newz, val, c);
 164                         }
 165                 }
 166                 return ck(i,j-1,newz);
 167         }else
 168         {
 169                 return ck(i,j-1,z);
 170         }
 171 }
 172 /**
 173
 174         Definition 8.
 175         Let the function check : (F 62 ) 8 → (F 62 ) 8 be defined as
 176         check(z [0] . . . z [7] ) = ck(3, 2, z [0] . . . z [3] ) · ck(3, 2, z [4] . . . z [7] )
 177
 178         where ck : N × N × (F 62 ) 4 → (F 62 ) 4 is defined as
 179
 180                 ck(1, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = z [0] . . . z [3]
 181                 ck(i, −1, z [0] . . . z [3] ) = ck(i − 1, i − 2, z [0] . . . z [3] )
 182                 ck(i, j, z [0] . . . z [3] ) =
 183                 ck(i, j − 1, z [0] . . . z [i] ← j . . . z [3] ),  if z [i] = z [j] ;
 184                 ck(i, j − 1, z [0] . . . z [3] ), otherwise
 185
 186         otherwise.
 187 **/
 188
 189 uint64_t check(uint64_t z)
 190 {
 191         //These 64 bits are divided as c = x, y, z [0] , . . . , z [7]
 192
 193         // ck(3, 2, z [0] . . . z [3] )
 194         uint64_t ck1 = ck(3,2, z );
 195
 196         // ck(3, 2, z [4] . . . z [7] )
 197         uint64_t ck2 = ck(3,2, z << 24);
 198
 199         //The ck function will place the values
 200         // in the middle of z.
 201         ck1 &= 0x00000000FFFFFF000000;
 202         ck2 &= 0x00000000FFFFFF000000;
 203
 204         return ck1 | ck2 >> 24;
 205
 206 }
 207
 208 void permute(BitstreamIn *p_in, uint64_t z,int l,int r, BitstreamOut* out)
 209 {
 210         if(bitsLeft(p_in) == 0)
 211         {
 212                 return;
 213         }
 214         bool pn = tailBit(p_in);
 215         if( pn ) // pn = 1
 216         {
 217                 uint8_t zl = getSixBitByte(z,l);
 218
 219                 push6bits(out, zl+1);
 220                 permute(p_in, z, l+1,r, out);
 221         }else // otherwise
 222         {
 223                 uint8_t zr = getSixBitByte(z,r);
 224
 225                 push6bits(out, zr);
 226                 permute(p_in,z,l,r+1,out);
 227         }
 228 }
 229 void printbegin()
 230 {
 231         if(debug_print <2)
 232                 return ;
 233
 234         prnlog("          | x| y|z0|z1|z2|z3|z4|z5|z6|z7|");
 235 }
 236
 237 void printState(char* desc, uint64_t c)
 238 {
 239         if(debug_print < 2)
 240                 return ;
 241
 242         printf("%s : ", desc);
 243         uint8_t x =     (c & 0xFF00000000000000 ) >> 56;
 244         uint8_t y =     (c & 0x00FF000000000000 ) >> 48;
 245         printf("  %02x %02x", x,y);
 246         int i ;
 247         for(i =0 ; i < 8 ; i++)
 248         {
 249                 printf(" %02x", getSixBitByte(c,i));
 250         }
 251         printf("\n");
 252 }
 253
 254 /**
 255  * @brief
 256  *Definition 11. Let the function hash0 : F 82 × F 82 × (F 62 ) 8 → (F 82 ) 8 be defined as
 257  *      hash0(x, y, z [0] . . . z [7] ) = k [0] . . . k [7] where
 258  * z'[i] = (z[i] mod (63-i)) + i        i =  0...3
 259  * z'[i+4] = (z[i+4] mod (64-i)) + i    i =  0...3
 260  * ẑ = check(z');
 261  * @param c
 262  * @param k this is where the diversified key is put (should be 8 bytes)
 263  * @return
 264  */
 265 void hash0(uint64_t c, uint8_t k[8])
 266 {
 267         c = swapZvalues(c);
 268
 269         printbegin();
 270         printState("origin",c);
 271         //These 64 bits are divided as c = x, y, z [0] , . . . , z [7]
 272         // x = 8 bits
 273         // y = 8 bits
 274         // z0-z7 6 bits each : 48 bits
 275         uint8_t x =     (c & 0xFF00000000000000 ) >> 56;
 276         uint8_t y =     (c & 0x00FF000000000000 ) >> 48;
 277         int n;
 278         uint8_t zn, zn4, _zn, _zn4;
 279         uint64_t zP = 0;
 280
 281         for(n = 0;  n < 4 ; n++)
 282         {
 283                 zn = getSixBitByte(c,n);
 284
 285                 zn4 = getSixBitByte(c,n+4);
 286
 287                 _zn = (zn % (63-n)) + n;
 288                 _zn4 = (zn4 % (64-n)) + n;
 289
 290
 291                 pushbackSixBitByte(&zP, _zn,n);
 292                 pushbackSixBitByte(&zP, _zn4,n+4);
 293
 294         }
 295         printState("0|0|z'",zP);
 296
 297         uint64_t zCaret = check(zP);
 298         printState("0|0|z^",zP);
 299
 300
 301         uint8_t p = pi[x % 35];
 302
 303         if(x & 1) //Check if x7 is 1
 304         {
 305                 p = ~p;
 306         }
 307
 308         if(debug_print >= 2) prnlog("p:%02x", p);
 309
 310         BitstreamIn p_in = { &p, 8,0 };
 311         uint8_t outbuffer[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
 312         BitstreamOut out = {outbuffer,0,0};
 313         permute(&p_in,zCaret,0,4,&out);//returns 48 bits? or 6 8-bytes
 314
 315         //Out is now a buffer containing six-bit bytes, should be 48 bits
 316         // if all went well
 317         //Shift z-values down onto the lower segment
 318
 319     uint64_t zTilde = x_bytes_to_num(outbuffer,8);
 320
 321         zTilde >>= 16;
 322
 323         printState("0|0|z~", zTilde);
 324
 325         int i;
 326         int zerocounter =0 ;
 327         for(i =0 ; i < 8  ; i++)
 328         {
 329
 330                 // the key on index i is first a bit from y
 331                 // then six bits from z,
 332                 // then a bit from p
 333
 334                 // Init with zeroes
 335                 k[i] = 0;
 336                 // First, place yi leftmost in k
 337                 //k[i] |= (y  << i) & 0x80 ;
 338
 339                 // First, place y(7-i) leftmost in k
 340                 k[i] |= (y  << (7-i)) & 0x80 ;
 341
 342
 343
 344                 uint8_t zTilde_i = getSixBitByte(zTilde, i);
 345                 // zTildeI is now on the form 00XXXXXX
 346                 // with one leftshift, it'll be
 347                 // 0XXXXXX0
 348                 // So after leftshift, we can OR it into k
 349                 // However, when doing complement, we need to
 350                 // again MASK 0XXXXXX0 (0x7E)
 351                 zTilde_i <<= 1;
 352
 353                 //Finally, add bit from p or p-mod
 354                 //Shift bit i into rightmost location (mask only after complement)
 355                 uint8_t p_i = p >> i & 0x1;
 356
 357                 if( k[i] )// yi = 1
 358                 {
 359                         //printf("k[%d] +1\n", i);
 360                         k[i] |= ~zTilde_i & 0x7E;
 361                         k[i] |= p_i & 1;
 362                         k[i] += 1;
 363
 364                 }else // otherwise
 365                 {
 366                         k[i] |= zTilde_i & 0x7E;
 367                         k[i] |= (~p_i) & 1;
 368                 }
 369                 if((k[i]  & 1 )== 0)
 370                 {
 371                         zerocounter ++;
 372                 }
 373         }
 374 }
 375 /**
 376  * @brief Performs Elite-class key diversification
 377  * @param csn
 378  * @param key
 379  * @param div_key
 380  */
 381 void diversifyKey(uint8_t csn[8], uint8_t key[8], uint8_t div_key[8])
 382 {
 383
 384         // Prepare the DES key
 385         des_setkey_enc( &ctx_enc, key);
 386
 387         uint8_t crypted_csn[8] = {0};
 388
 389         // Calculate DES(CSN, KEY)
 390         des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_enc,csn, crypted_csn);
 391
 392         //Calculate HASH0(DES))
 393         uint64_t crypt_csn = x_bytes_to_num(crypted_csn, 8);
 394         uint64_t crypted_csn_swapped = swapZvalues(crypt_csn);
 395
 396         hash0(crypt_csn,div_key);
 397 }
 398
 399
 400
 401
 402
 403 void testPermute()
 404 {
 405
 406         uint64_t x = 0;
 407         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x00,0);
 408         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x01,1);
 409         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x02,2);
 410         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x03,3);
 411         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x04,4);
 412         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x05,5);
 413         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x06,6);
 414         pushbackSixBitByte(&x,0x07,7);
 415
 416         uint8_t mres[8] = { getSixBitByte(x, 0),
 417                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 1),
 418                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 2),
 419                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 3),
 420                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 4),
 421                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 5),
 422                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 6),
 423                                                 getSixBitByte(x, 7)};
 424         printarr("input_perm", mres,8);
 425
 426         uint8_t p = ~pi[0];
 427         BitstreamIn p_in = { &p, 8,0 };
 428         uint8_t outbuffer[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
 429         BitstreamOut out = {outbuffer,0,0};
 430
 431         permute(&p_in, x,0,4, &out);
 432
 433     uint64_t permuted = x_bytes_to_num(outbuffer,8);
 434         //printf("zTilde 0x%"PRIX64"\n", zTilde);
 435         permuted >>= 16;
 436
 437         uint8_t res[8] = { getSixBitByte(permuted, 0),
 438                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 1),
 439                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 2),
 440                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 3),
 441                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 4),
 442                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 5),
 443                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 6),
 444                                                 getSixBitByte(permuted, 7)};
 445         printarr("permuted", res, 8);
 446 }
 447
 448 //These testcases are
 449 //{ UID , TEMP_KEY, DIV_KEY} using the specific key
 450 typedef struct
 451 {
 452         uint8_t uid[8];
 453         uint8_t t_key[8];
 454         uint8_t div_key[8];
 455 } Testcase;
 456
 457
 458 int testDES(Testcase testcase, des_context ctx_enc, des_context ctx_dec)
 459 {
 460         uint8_t des_encrypted_csn[8] = {0};
 461         uint8_t decrypted[8] = {0};
 462         uint8_t div_key[8] = {0};
 463         int retval = des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_enc,testcase.uid,des_encrypted_csn);
 464         retval |= des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_dec,des_encrypted_csn,decrypted);
 465
 466         if(memcmp(testcase.uid,decrypted,8) != 0)
 467         {
 468                 //Decryption fail
 469                 prnlog("Encryption <-> Decryption FAIL");
 470                 printarr("Input", testcase.uid, 8);
 471                 printarr("Decrypted", decrypted, 8);
 472                 retval = 1;
 473         }
 474
 475         if(memcmp(des_encrypted_csn,testcase.t_key,8) != 0)
 476         {
 477                 //Encryption fail
 478                 prnlog("Encryption != Expected result");
 479                 printarr("Output", des_encrypted_csn, 8);
 480                 printarr("Expected", testcase.t_key, 8);
 481                 retval = 1;
 482         }
 483     uint64_t crypted_csn = x_bytes_to_num(des_encrypted_csn,8);
 484         hash0(crypted_csn, div_key);
 485
 486         if(memcmp(div_key, testcase.div_key ,8) != 0)
 487         {
 488                 //Key diversification fail
 489                 prnlog("Div key != expected result");
 490                 printarr("  csn   ", testcase.uid,8);
 491                 printarr("{csn}   ", des_encrypted_csn,8);
 492                 printarr("hash0   ", div_key, 8);
 493                 printarr("Expected", testcase.div_key, 8);
 494                 retval = 1;
 495
 496         }
 497         return retval;
 498 }
 499 bool des_getParityBitFromKey(uint8_t key)
 500 {//The top 7 bits is used
 501         bool parity = ((key & 0x80) >> 7)
 502                         ^ ((key & 0x40) >> 6) ^ ((key & 0x20) >> 5)
 503                         ^ ((key & 0x10) >> 4) ^ ((key & 0x08) >> 3)
 504                         ^ ((key & 0x04) >> 2) ^ ((key & 0x02) >> 1);
 505         return !parity;
 506 }
 507
 508
 509 void des_checkParity(uint8_t* key)
 510 {
 511         int i;
 512         int fails =0;
 513         for(i =0 ; i < 8 ; i++)
 514         {
 515                 bool parity = des_getParityBitFromKey(key[i]);
 516                 if(parity != (key[i] & 0x1))
 517                 {
 518                         fails++;
 519                         prnlog("[+] parity1 fail, byte %d [%02x] was %d, should be %d",i,key[i],(key[i] & 0x1),parity);
 520                 }
 521         }
 522         if(fails)
 523         {
 524                 prnlog("[+] parity fails: %d", fails);
 525         }else
 526         {
 527                 prnlog("[+] Key syntax is with parity bits inside each byte");
 528         }
 529 }
 530
 531 Testcase testcases[] ={
 532
 533         {{0x8B,0xAC,0x60,0x1F,0x53,0xB8,0xED,0x11},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 534         {{0xAE,0x51,0xE5,0x62,0xE7,0x9A,0x99,0x39},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01},{0x04,0x02,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 535         {{0x9B,0x21,0xE4,0x31,0x6A,0x00,0x29,0x62},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02},{0x06,0x04,0x02,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 536         {{0x65,0x24,0x0C,0x41,0x4F,0xC2,0x21,0x93},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04},{0x0A,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 537         {{0x7F,0xEB,0xAE,0x93,0xE5,0x30,0x08,0xBD},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08},{0x12,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 538         {{0x49,0x7B,0x70,0x74,0x9B,0x35,0x1B,0x83},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10},{0x22,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 539         {{0x02,0x3C,0x15,0x6B,0xED,0xA5,0x64,0x6C},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20},{0x42,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 540         {{0xE8,0x37,0xE0,0xE2,0xC6,0x45,0x24,0xF3},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40},{0x02,0x06,0x04,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 541         {{0xAB,0xBD,0x30,0x05,0x29,0xC8,0xF7,0x12},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80},{0x02,0x08,0x06,0x04,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 542         {{0x17,0xE8,0x97,0xF0,0x99,0xB6,0x79,0x31},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00},{0x02,0x0C,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 543         {{0x49,0xA4,0xF0,0x8F,0x5F,0x96,0x83,0x16},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00},{0x02,0x14,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 544         {{0x60,0xF5,0x7E,0x54,0xAA,0x41,0x83,0xD4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00},{0x02,0x24,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 545         {{0x1D,0xF6,0x3B,0x6B,0x85,0x55,0xF0,0x4B},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00},{0x02,0x44,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 546         {{0x1F,0xDC,0x95,0x1A,0xEA,0x6B,0x4B,0xB4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 547         {{0xEC,0x93,0x72,0xF0,0x3B,0xA9,0xF5,0x0B},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x0A,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 548         {{0xDE,0x57,0x5C,0xBE,0x2D,0x55,0x03,0x12},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x0E,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 549         {{0x1E,0xD2,0xB5,0xCE,0x90,0xC9,0xC1,0xCC},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x16,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 550         {{0xD8,0x65,0x96,0x4E,0xE7,0x74,0x99,0xB8},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x26,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 551         {{0xE3,0x7A,0x29,0x83,0x31,0xD5,0x3A,0x54},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x46,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 552         {{0x3A,0xB5,0x1A,0x34,0x34,0x25,0x12,0xF0},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x0A,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 553         {{0xF2,0x88,0xEE,0x6F,0x70,0x6F,0xC2,0x52},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x0C,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 554         {{0x76,0xEF,0xEB,0x80,0x52,0x43,0x83,0x57},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x10,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 555         {{0x1C,0x09,0x8E,0x3B,0x23,0x23,0x52,0xB5},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x18,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 556         {{0xA9,0x13,0xA2,0xBE,0xCF,0x1A,0xC4,0x9A},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x28,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 557         {{0x25,0x56,0x4B,0xB0,0xC8,0x2A,0xD4,0x27},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x48,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 558         {{0xB1,0x04,0x57,0x3F,0xA7,0x16,0x62,0xD4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x03,0x01,0x05,0x07}},
 559         {{0x45,0x46,0xED,0xCC,0xE7,0xD3,0x8E,0xA3},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x05,0x03,0x01,0x07}},
 560         {{0x22,0x6D,0xB5,0x35,0xE0,0x5A,0xE0,0x90},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x09,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 561         {{0xB8,0xF5,0xE5,0x44,0xC5,0x98,0x4A,0xBD},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x11,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 562         {{0xAC,0x78,0x0A,0x23,0x9E,0xF6,0xBC,0xA0},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x21,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 563         {{0x46,0x6B,0x2D,0x70,0x41,0x17,0xBF,0x3D},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x41,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 564         {{0x64,0x44,0x24,0x71,0xA2,0x56,0xDF,0xB5},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x05,0x03,0x07}},
 565         {{0xC4,0x00,0x52,0x24,0xA2,0xD6,0x16,0x7A},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x07,0x05,0x03}},
 566         {{0xD8,0x4A,0x80,0x1E,0x95,0x5B,0x70,0xC4},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x0B,0x05,0x07}},
 567         {{0x08,0x56,0x6E,0xB5,0x64,0xD6,0x47,0x4E},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x13,0x05,0x07}},
 568         {{0x41,0x6F,0xBA,0xA4,0xEB,0xAE,0xA0,0x55},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x23,0x05,0x07}},
 569         {{0x62,0x9D,0xDE,0x72,0x84,0x4A,0x53,0xD5},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x43,0x05,0x07}},
 570         {{0x39,0xD3,0x2B,0x66,0xB8,0x08,0x40,0x2E},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x07,0x05}},
 571         {{0xAF,0x67,0xA9,0x18,0x57,0x21,0xAF,0x8D},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x09,0x07}},
 572         {{0x34,0xBC,0x9D,0xBC,0xC4,0xC2,0x3B,0xC8},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x0D,0x07}},
 573         {{0xB6,0x50,0xF9,0x81,0xF6,0xBF,0x90,0x3C},{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x15,0x07}},
 574         {{0x71,0x41,0x93,0xA1,0x59,0x81,0xA5,0x52},{0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x25,0x07}},
 575         {{0x6B,0x00,0xBD,0x74,0x1C,0x3C,0xE0,0x1A},{0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x45,0x07}},
 576         {{0x76,0xFD,0x0B,0xD0,0x41,0xD2,0x82,0x5D},{0x00,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x09}},
 577         {{0xC6,0x3A,0x1C,0x25,0x63,0x5A,0x2F,0x0E},{0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x0B}},
 578         {{0xD9,0x0E,0xD7,0x30,0xE2,0xAD,0xA9,0x87},{0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x0F}},
 579         {{0x6B,0x81,0xC6,0xD1,0x05,0x09,0x87,0x1E},{0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x17}},
 580         {{0xB4,0xA7,0x1E,0x02,0x54,0x37,0x43,0x35},{0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x27}},
 581         {{0x45,0x14,0x7C,0x7F,0xE0,0xDE,0x09,0x65},{0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x47}},
 582         {{0x78,0xB0,0xF5,0x20,0x8B,0x7D,0xF3,0xDD},{0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0xFE,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 583         {{0x88,0xB3,0x3C,0xE1,0xF7,0x87,0x42,0xA1},{0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0xFC,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 584         {{0x11,0x2F,0xB2,0xF7,0xE2,0xB2,0x4F,0x6E},{0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0xFA,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 585         {{0x25,0x56,0x4E,0xC6,0xEB,0x2D,0x74,0x5B},{0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0xF8,0x01,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 586         {{0x7E,0x98,0x37,0xF9,0x80,0x8F,0x09,0x82},{0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0xFF,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 587         {{0xF9,0xB5,0x62,0x3B,0xD8,0x7B,0x3C,0x3F},{0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0xFD,0x05,0x07}},
 588         {{0x29,0xC5,0x2B,0xFA,0xD1,0xFC,0x5C,0xC7},{0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0xFB,0x07}},
 589         {{0xC1,0xA3,0x09,0x71,0xBD,0x8E,0xAF,0x2F},{0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x01,0x03,0x05,0xF9}},
 590         {{0xB6,0xDD,0xD1,0xAD,0xAA,0x15,0x6F,0x29},{0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x03,0x05,0x02,0x07,0x04,0x06,0x08}},
 591         {{0x65,0x34,0x03,0x19,0x17,0xB3,0xA3,0x96},{0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x01,0x06,0x08,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 592         {{0xF9,0x38,0x43,0x56,0x52,0xE5,0xB1,0xA9},{0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x03,0x05,0x07}},
 593
 594         {{0xA4,0xA0,0xAF,0xDA,0x48,0xB0,0xA1,0x10},{0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x04,0x06,0x03,0x08,0x05,0x07}},
 595         {{0x55,0x15,0x8A,0x0D,0x48,0x29,0x01,0xD8},{0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x02,0x04,0x01,0x06,0x03,0x05,0x08,0x07}},
 596         {{0xC4,0x81,0x96,0x7D,0xA3,0xB7,0x73,0x50},{0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x03,0x05,0x04,0x06,0x08,0x07}},
 597         {{0x36,0x73,0xDF,0xC1,0x1B,0x98,0xA8,0x1D},{0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x08,0x07}},
 598         {{0xCE,0xE0,0xB3,0x1B,0x41,0xEB,0x15,0x12},{0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},{0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x06,0x05,0x08,0x07}},
 599         {{0},{0},{0}}
 600 };
 601
 602
 603 int testKeyDiversificationWithMasterkeyTestcases()
 604 {
 605
 606         int error = 0;
 607         int i;
 608
 609         uint8_t empty[8]={0};
 610         prnlog("[+} Testing encryption/decryption");
 611
 612         for (i = 0;  memcmp(testcases+i,empty,8) ; i++) {
 613                 error += testDES(testcases[i],ctx_enc, ctx_dec);
 614         }
 615         if(error)
 616         {
 617                 prnlog("[+] %d errors occurred (%d testcases)", error, i);
 618         }else
 619         {
 620                 prnlog("[+] Hashing seems to work (%d testcases)", i);
 621         }
 622         return error;
 623 }
 624
 625
 626 void print64bits(char*name, uint64_t val)
 627 {
 628         printf("%s%08x%08x\n",name,(uint32_t) (val >> 32) ,(uint32_t) (val & 0xFFFFFFFF));
 629 }
 630
 631 uint64_t testCryptedCSN(uint64_t crypted_csn, uint64_t expected)
 632 {
 633         int retval = 0;
 634         uint8_t result[8] = {0};
 635         if(debug_print) prnlog("debug_print %d", debug_print);
 636         if(debug_print) print64bits("    {csn}      ", crypted_csn );
 637
 638         uint64_t crypted_csn_swapped = swapZvalues(crypted_csn);
 639
 640         if(debug_print) print64bits("    {csn-revz} ", crypted_csn_swapped);
 641
 642         hash0(crypted_csn, result);
 643     uint64_t resultbyte = x_bytes_to_num(result,8 );
 644         if(debug_print) print64bits("    hash0      " , resultbyte );
 645
 646         if(resultbyte != expected )
 647         {
 648
 649                 if(debug_print) {
 650                         prnlog("\n[+] FAIL!");
 651                         print64bits("    expected       " ,  expected );
 652                 }
 653                 retval = 1;
 654
 655         }else
 656         {
 657                 if(debug_print) prnlog(" [OK]");
 658         }
 659         return retval;
 660 }
 661
 662 int testDES2(uint64_t csn, uint64_t expected)
 663 {
 664         uint8_t result[8] = {0};
 665         uint8_t input[8] = {0};
 666
 667         print64bits("   csn ", csn);
 668     x_num_to_bytes(csn, 8,input);
 669
 670         des_crypt_ecb(&ctx_enc,input, result);
 671
 672     uint64_t crypt_csn = x_bytes_to_num(result, 8);
 673         print64bits("   {csn}    ", crypt_csn );
 674         print64bits("   expected ", expected );
 675
 676         if( expected == crypt_csn )
 677         {
 678                 prnlog("[+] OK");
 679                 return 0;
 680         }else
 681         {
 682                 return 1;
 683         }
 684 }
 685
 686 /**
 687  * These testcases come from http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=10977#p10977
 688  * @brief doTestsWithKnownInputs
 689  * @return
 690  */
 691 int doTestsWithKnownInputs()
 692 {
 693
 694         // KSel from http://www.proxmark.org/forum/viewtopic.php?pid=10977#p10977
 695         int errors = 0;
 696         prnlog("[+] Testing DES encryption");
 697 //      uint8_t key[8] = {0x6c,0x8d,0x44,0xf9,0x2a,0x2d,0x01,0xbf};
 698         prnlog("[+] Testing foo");
 699         uint8_t key[8] = {0x6c,0x8d,0x44,0xf9,0x2a,0x2d,0x01,0xbf};
 700
 701         des_setkey_enc( &ctx_enc, key);
 702         testDES2(0xbbbbaaaabbbbeeee,0xd6ad3ca619659e6b);
 703
 704         prnlog("[+] Testing hashing algorithm");
 705
 706         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x0102030405060708,0x0bdd6512073c460a);
 707         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x1020304050607080,0x0208211405f3381f);
 708         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x1122334455667788,0x2bee256d40ac1f3a);
 709         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xabcdabcdabcdabcd,0xa91c9ec66f7da592);
 710         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xbcdabcdabcdabcda,0x79ca5796a474e19b);
 711         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xcdabcdabcdabcdab,0xa8901b9f7ec76da4);
 712         errors += testCryptedCSN(0xdabcdabcdabcdabc,0x357aa8e0979a5b8d);
 713         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x21ba6565071f9299,0x34e80f88d5cf39ea);
 714         errors += testCryptedCSN(0x14e2adfc5bb7e134,0x6ac90c6508bd9ea3);
 715
 716         if(errors)
 717         {
 718                 prnlog("[+] %d errors occurred (9 testcases)", errors);
 719         }else
 720         {
 721                 prnlog("[+] Hashing seems to work (9 testcases)" );
 722         }
 723         return errors;
 724 }
 725
 726 int readKeyFile(uint8_t key[8])
 727 {
 728
 729         FILE *f;
 730
 731         f = fopen("iclass_key.bin", "rb");
 732         if (f)
 733         {
 734                 if(fread(key, sizeof(key), 1, f) == 1) return 0;
 735         }
 736         return 1;
 737
 738 }
 739
 740
 741 int doKeyTests(uint8_t debuglevel)
 742 {
 743         debug_print = debuglevel;
 744
 745         prnlog("[+] Checking if the master key is present (iclass_key.bin)...");
 746         uint8_t key[8] = {0};
 747         if(readKeyFile(key))
 748         {
 749                 prnlog("[+] Master key not present, will not be able to do all testcases");
 750         }else
 751         {
 752
 753                 //Test if it's the right key...
 754                 uint8_t i;
 755                 uint8_t j = 0;
 756                 for(i =0 ; i < sizeof(key) ; i++)
 757                         j += key[i];
 758
 759                 if(j != 185)
 760                 {
 761                         prnlog("[+] A key was loaded, but it does not seem to be the correct one. Aborting these tests");
 762                 }else
 763                 {
 764                         prnlog("[+] Key present");
 765
 766                         prnlog("[+] Checking key parity...");
 767                         des_checkParity(key);
 768                         des_setkey_enc( &ctx_enc, key);
 769                         des_setkey_dec( &ctx_dec, key);
 770                         // Test hashing functions
 771                         prnlog("[+] The following tests require the correct 8-byte master key");
 772                         testKeyDiversificationWithMasterkeyTestcases();
 773                 }
 774         }
 775         prnlog("[+] Testing key diversification with non-sensitive keys...");
 776         doTestsWithKnownInputs();
 777         return 0;
 778 }
 779
 780 /**
 781
 782 void checkParity2(uint8_t* key)
 783 {
 784
 785         uint8_t stored_parity = key[7];
 786         printf("Parity byte: 0x%02x\n", stored_parity);
 787         int i;
 788         int byte;
 789         int fails =0;
 790         BitstreamIn bits = {key, 56, 0};
 791
 792         bool parity = 0;
 793
 794         for(i =0 ; i  < 56; i++)
 795         {
 796
 797                 if ( i > 0 && i % 7 == 0)
 798                 {
 799                         parity = !parity;
 800                         bool pbit = stored_parity & (0x80 >> (byte));
 801                         if(parity != pbit)
 802                         {
 803                                 printf("parity2 fail byte %d, should be %d, was %d\n", (i / 7), parity, pbit);
 804                                 fails++;
 805                         }
 806                         parity =0 ;
 807                         byte = i / 7;
 808                 }
 809                 parity = parity ^ headBit(&bits);
 810         }
 811         if(fails)
 812         {
 813                 printf("parity2 fails: %d\n", fails);
 814         }else
 815         {
 816                 printf("Key syntax is with parity bits grouped in the last byte!\n");
 817         }
 818 }
 819 void modifyKey_put_parity_last(uint8_t * key, uint8_t* output)
 820 {
 821         uint8_t paritybits = 0;
 822         bool parity =0;
 823         BitstreamOut out = { output, 0,0};
 824         unsigned int bbyte, bbit;
 825         for(bbyte=0; bbyte <8 ; bbyte++ )
 826         {
 827                 for(bbit =0 ; bbit< 7 ; bbit++)
 828                 {
 829                         bool bit = *(key+bbyte) & (1 << (7-bbit));
 830                         pushBit(&out,bit);
 831                         parity ^= bit;
 832                 }
 833                 bool paritybit = *(key+bbyte) & 1;
 834                 paritybits |= paritybit << (7-bbyte);
 835                 parity = 0;
 836
 837         }
 838         output[7] = paritybits;
 839         printf("Parity byte: %02x\n", paritybits);
 840 }
 841
 842  * @brief Modifies a key with parity bits last, so that it is formed with parity
 843  *              bits inside each byte
 844  * @param key
 845  * @param output
 846
 847 void modifyKey_put_parity_allover(uint8_t * key, uint8_t* output)
 848 {
 849         bool parity =0;
 850         BitstreamOut out = { output, 0,0};
 851         BitstreamIn in = {key, 0,0};
 852         unsigned int bbyte, bbit;
 853         for(bbit =0 ; bbit < 56 ; bbit++)
 854         {
 855
 856                 if( bbit > 0 && bbit % 7 == 0)
 857                 {
 858                         pushBit(&out,!parity);
 859                         parity = 0;
 860                 }
 861                 bool bit = headBit(&in);
 862                 pushBit(&out,bit );
 863                 parity ^= bit;
 864
 865         }
 866         pushBit(&out, !parity);
 867
 868
 869         if(     des_key_check_key_parity(output))
 870         {
 871                 printf("modifyKey_put_parity_allover fail, DES key invalid parity!");
 872         }
 873
 874 }
 875
 876 */
 877
 878