This pages explains how to install Debian on Apple Silicon machines.
-# Debian Testing
+# Debian Trixie
-There is a new installer for Debian testing from noisycoil who is maintainer
- of the Debian bananas team. In order to use it run and follow the instructions:
+Please use the semi official Debian installer from now on:
```
curl -sL https://bananas-archive.debian.net/install | sh
There is a [mailinglist](https://lists.debian.org/debian-arm-apple/).
-# Tripwires
-The USB-A Port on the Mac Mini will not work in u-boot and grub. The two
-additional USB-3 ports on the iMac 4 port model don't work in u-boot, grub
-and Linux. In order to install Linux on a FileVault-enabled Mac run the
-installer from Recovery open Disk Utility > Expanding "Macintosh HD" >
-Selecting locked volume > click "Mount". Debian does not include the choosen
-EFI patch. As a result it will always pick the first ESP partition. This can be
-problematic if you're using multiple ESP partitions for example when having
-multiple Linux and BSD installations.
+# Documentation is now in the Debian wiki:
-# Artefacts
-If you don't want to use the prebuild artefacts, you can build them yourself
-using the following scripts:
-
- - prepare_rust.sh - Prepares a rust installation suitable for kernel compilation
- - m1n1_uboot_kernel.sh - Builds m1n1, u-boot and the kernel including gpu support.
- - mesa.sh - Creates mesa packages
- - bootstrap.sh - Creates Debian root and live filesystem
- - meta.sh - Meta package which makes sure that we always get latest and greatest kernel.
-
-# Asahi installer
-
-[Video Recording](https://tg.st/u/debian_asahi_installer.mp4)
-
-* Poweroff your Mac. Hold and press the power button until you see a wheel chain and Options written below. Approx 20 seconds.
-
-* In the boot picker, choose Options. Once loaded, open a Terminal under Utilities > Terminal
-
-* Run the asahi installer and select Debian:
-
- curl -sL https://tg.st/d | sh
-
-* **Or** run the Debian testing installer:
-
- curl -sL https://bananas-archive.debian.net/install | sh
-
-* Follow the installer instructions.
-
-* Once Debian is booted log in as root without password and set a root password
-
- passwd
- pwconv
-
-* Configure wifi by editing the wpa_supplicant.conf, enabling the interface and remove the # before allow-hotplug to enable it during boot.
-
- vi /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
- ifup wlan0
- vi /etc/network/interfaces
-
-* Reboot to see if grub was correctly installed
-
- reboot
-
-* Install a desktop environment for example blackbox
-
- apt-get update
- apt-get install -y xinit blackbox xterm firefox-esr lightdm
-
-* Create yourself an unprivileged user
-
- useradd -m -c 'Firstname Lastname' -s /bin/bash <username>
- passwd <username>
-
-* Optional install sshd. You can not log in as root, but only with your unprivileged user
-
- apt update
- apt install -y openssh-server
-
-* Consult the **[/root/quickstart.txt](https://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/m1-debian/blob_plain/refs/heads/master:/files/quickstart.txt)** file to find out how to do other interesting things.
-
-# Livesystem
-
-[Video Recording](https://tg.st/u/live.mp4)
-
-* Prerequisites
-
- - USB Stick. this is what this guide assumes, but it is also possible
- to run the Debian livesystem from another PC using m1n1 chainloading.
- But if you know how to do that, you probably don't need this guide.
- - If possible use an Ethernet Dongle, less typing.
-
-* Create USB Stick with a single vfat partition on it and untar the modified Debian installer on it. Instructions for Linux:
-
- # Identify the usb stick device
- lsblk
-
- DEVICE=/dev/sdX
- parted -a optimal $DEVICE mklabel msdos
- parted -a optimal $DEVICE mkpart primary fat32 2048s 100%
- mkfs.vfat ${DEVICE}1
- mount ${DEVICE}1 /mnt
- curl -sL https://tg.st/u/asahi-debian-live.tar | tar -C /mnt -xf -
- umount /mnt
-
-In order to format the usb stick under Macos, open the disk utility, right-click on the usb stick (usually the lowest device in the list) and select erase. Choose the following options:
-
- Name: LIVE
- Format: MS-DOS (FAT)
- Scheme: Master Boot Record
-
-Than open a terminal, and run the following commands:
-
- sudo su -
- cd /Volumes/LIVE
- curl -sL https://tg.st/u/asahi-debian-live.tar | tar -xf -
-
-* You need to run the asahi installer and have either an OS installed or m1n1+UEFI.
-
-* If you plug in the usb stick, u-boot automatically boot from the usb stick. If it doesn't you can interrupt u-boot with Ctrl-c and boot manually from USB:
-
- setenv boot_targets "usb" ; setenv bootmeths "efi" ; boot
-
-* Reboot with the USB stick connected, the Debian livesystem should automatically start, if it doesn't load the kernel and initrd manually, you can use tab. For x try 0,1,2,...
-
- linux (hdX,msdos1)/vmlinuz
- initrd (hdX,msdos1)/initrd.gz
- boot
-
-* Log in as **root** without password.
-
-* Consult the **[/root/quickstart.txt](https://git.zerfleddert.de/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/m1-debian/blob_plain/refs/heads/master:/files/quickstart.txt)** file to find out how to get the networking up, etc.
-
-# FAQ
-
-## Why has there been no kernel update?
-
-For Debian stable I'm currently unable to update the kernel due to the fact
-that the kernel requires new mesa packages and the new mesa package needs too
-many dependencies which are not in Debian stable and I'm not willing to add
-that many new packages. So I recommend that if you want the latest asahi
-kernel, mesa, sound and other packages, switch to testing and use Thomas
-Renards packages for testing. <https://wiki.debian.org/Teams/Bananas>
-
-## How to enable spakers?
-
-Currently speakers are only supported on M1 air. Install the necessary packages:
-
- apt update
- apt upgrade -y
- apt dist-upgrade -y
- apt install -y alsa-ucm-conf-asahi speakersafetyd
- reboot
-
-After the reboot I need to restart the speakersafetyd in order to hear sound out of the speakers:
-
- sudo systemctl restart speakersafetyd
-
-## Does it work on M2?
-
-Yes, M3 is not yet supported.
-
-## Are you still maintaining this?
-
-Yes, I do and will continue doing this until there is an official Debian installer.
-
-## If I install Debian, will it be easy to update the Asahi work as it develops?
-
-Yes, long answer below.
-
-To update the kernel to the lastest "stable" asahi branch you need to run
-as root:
-
- apt update
- apt upgrade
-
-For installations before 2022-12-12, see <https://thomas.glanzmann.de/asahi/README.txt>
-
-Later it might be necessary to upgrade the stub partion in order to
-support the GPU code. As soon as that happens, I'll add the
-instructions and a video in order to do so, but short version is:
-
- - Backup /boot/efi/EFI
- - Delete the old stub and efi/esp partition
- - Rerun the asahi installer with m1n1+u-boot option
- - Put the /boot/efi/EFI back
-
-So, you never need to reinstall Debian. Kernel updates are easy, stub
-updates are a little bit more cumbersome but also seldom.
-
-## How do I compile zfs on apple silicon debian?
-
-- In order to build zfs you need the rust environment. So from the m1-debian
- repository you have to run these scripts:
-
- ./dependencies.sh
- ./prepare_rust.sh
-
-- Prepare your zfs build environment. You need to replace
- /home/sithglan/work/m1-debian with your path to
- your m1-debian checkout:
-
- export CARGO_HOME="/home/sithglan/work/m1-debian/build/cargo"
- export RUSTUP_HOME="/home/sithglan/work/m1-debian/build/rust"
- source "/home/sithglan/work/m1-debian/build/cargo/env"
-
-- Tell zfs which version of clang you use to compile the kernel:
-
- export KERNEL_LLVM=-15
-
-- Checkout ZFS:
-
- git clone https://github.com/openzfs/zfs
- cd ./zfs
- git checkout master
-
-- Apply the following patch:
-
- diff --git a/META b/META
- index 3919b0d..67c9f7d 100644
- --- a/META
- +++ b/META
- @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Branch: 1.0
- Version: 2.2.99
- Release: 1
- Release-Tags: relext
- -License: CDDL
- +License: GPL
- Author: OpenZFS
- Linux-Maximum: 6.4
- Linux-Minimum: 3.10
-
-- Build ZFS:
-
- sh autogen.sh
- ./configure
- make -s -j$(nproc)
-
-- Follow the instructions on <https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/Developer%20Resources/Building%20ZFS.html> how to install it.
-
-## What about gnome?
-
-You need an unpriviledged user to log in. You should delete /etc/network/interfaces in order to manage the network under gnome. If you don't have an US keyboard, you can change the settings in Gnome > Settings > Keyboard.
+[InstallingDebianOnAppleM1](https://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/Apple/M1)
+# The old README has been archived because it is outdated and can be found in the git history.
projects / m1-debian / commitdiff